Replicating the Self-assembly of Human Breast Milk Lipids During Digestion with Emulsions of Cow Milk Fat Mixed with Canola Oil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Clulow ◽  
Adrian Hawley ◽  
Malinda Salim ◽  
Syaza Binte Abu Bakar ◽  
Cameron Nowell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Milk Lipids

Emulsions containing optimum cow milk fat and canola oil mixtures replicate the lipid self-assembly of human breast milk during digestion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Clulow ◽  
Syaza Y. Binte Abu Bakar ◽  
Malinda Salim ◽  
Cameron J. Nowell ◽  
Adrian Hawley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Oil Mixtures

scholarly journals Relation between Weak HLA-DR Expression on Human Breast Milk Macrophages and Cow Milk Allergy (CMA) in Suckling Infants

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsi-Marjut Järvinen ◽  
Kaisu Juntunen-Backman ◽  
Hanna Suomalainen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Allergy ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Cow Milk Allergy

scholarly journals Temporal Changes of Human Breast Milk Lipids of Chinese Mothers

Nutrients ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Giuffrida ◽  
Cristina Cruz-Hernandez ◽  
Emmanuelle Bertschy ◽  
Patric Fontannaz ◽  
Isabelle Masserey Elmelegy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Chinese Mothers ◽  
Milk Lipids

scholarly journals Inhibitors of Complement Activity in Human Breast-Milk: A Proposed Hypothesis of Their Physiological Significance

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Oladipo Ogundele
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Physiological Significance ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Complement Activity ◽  
Milk Fat Globule ◽  
Fat Globule

Several natural components abundant in the fluid phase of human breast-milk have been shown to be inhibitors of complement activationin vitro, particularly the classical pathway. These include lysozyme, lactoferrin, lactalbumin alpha and other ligand chelators, complement regulator proteins and other specific soluble inhibitors of complement activation. Their physiological significance probably resides in their ability to restrictin vivocomplement activation to specialized (compartmentalized) sites on the cellular membrane structures in human milk, represented by the abundant surface area of the milk fat globule membranes. This would serve to prevent inflammatory-induced tissue damage of the delicate immature gastrointestinal tract of the newborn as well as the mammary gland itself. A number of recognized and potential inhibitors of complement activity in human milk and other biological fluids are hereby reviewed, with a proposal of their physiological significance.Abbreviations: HBM, human breast-milk; APC, alternative complement activation pathway; MAC, membrane attack complex (C5b-9); MFGM, milk fat globule membrane

scholarly journals Effect of 9,12-Octadecadiynoic Acid on Neurobehavioral Development in Caenorhabditis elegans

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8917
Author(s):  
Tun-Chieh Chen ◽  
How-Ran Chao ◽  
Ching-Ying Wu ◽  
Yun-Ru Lai ◽  
Chu-Huang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Behavioral Development ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Neurobehavioral Development ◽  
Foraging Ability ◽  
Milk Lipids

Human breast milk lipids have major beneficial effects: they promote infant early brain development, growth and health. To identify the relationship between human breast milk lipids and infant neurodevelopment, multivariate analyses that combined lipidomics and psychological Bayley-III scales evaluation were utilized. We identified that 9,12-octadecadiynoic acid has a significantly positive correlation with infant adaptive behavioral development, which is a crucial neurodevelopment to manage risk from environmental stress. To further clarify the biological function of 9,12-octadecadiynoic acid in regulating neurodevelopment, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was used as a model to investigate the effect of 9,12-octadecadiynoic acid on neurobehavioral development. Supplementation with 9,12-octadecadiynoic acid from the L1 to L4 stage in larvae affected locomotive behaviors and foraging ability that were not socially interactive, implying that 9,12-octadecadiynoic acid is involved in regulating the serotonergic neuronal ability. We found that supplementary 0.1 μM 9,12-octadecadiynoic acid accelerated the locomotive ability and foraging ability via increasing the expression of serotonin transporter mod-1. Antioxidant defense genes, sod-1, sod-3 and cyp-35A2 are involved in 9,12-octadecadiynoic acid-induced motor neuronal activity. Nevertheless, supplementary 9,12-octadecadiynoic acid at concentrations above 1 μM significantly attenuated locomotive behaviors, foraging ability, serotonin synthesis, serotonin-related gene expressions and stress-related gene expression, resulting in the decreased longevity of worms in the experiment. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the biological function of 9,12-octadecadiynoic acid in governing adaptive behavioral development.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of a major glycoprotein from milk-fat-globule membrane of human breast milk

1981 ◽  
Vol 193 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Imam ◽  
D J R Laurence ◽  
A M Neville
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Milk Fat Globule Membrane ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Milk Fat Globule ◽  
Fat Globule

A major periodate–Schiff-positive component from milk-fat-globule membrane of human breast milk has been purified by selectively extracting the membrane glycoproteins, followed by lectin affinity chromatography and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 in the presence of protein-dissociating agents. The purified glycoprotein, termed epithelial membrane glycoprotein (EMGP-70), has an estimated mol.wt. of 70 000 and yields a single band under reducing conditions on sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The glycoprotein contains 13.5% carbohydrate by weight, with fucose, mannose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid 17.2, 17.0, 21.1, 7.9 and 36.6% respectively of the carbohydrate moiety. Aspartic and glutamic acid and serine are the major amino acid residues.

Self-Assembly Structure Formation during the Digestion of Human Breast Milk

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1600-1603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Salentinig ◽  
Stephanie Phan ◽  
Adrian Hawley ◽  
Ben J. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Assembly Structure

scholarly journals Human Milk Fat Substitutes from Lard and Hemp Seed Oil Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7014
Author(s):  
Joanna Bryś ◽  
Agata Górska ◽  
Ewa Ostrowska-Ligęza ◽  
Magdalena Wirkowska-Wojdyła ◽  
Andrzej Bryś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Hemp Seed

This paper discusses our attempt to generate substitutes for human breast milk fat through the interesterification of mixtures composed of lard and hemp (Cannabis sativa) seed oil. The interesterification was run at 60 °C for 2, 4, and 6 h in the presence of Lipozyme RM IM preparation containing a lipase specific for the cleavage of sn-1,3 ester bonds in triacylglycerol molecules. The interesterification products were analyzed regarding their fatty acid composition and distribution in triacylglycerol molecules. In order to assess the quality of the generated substitutes, in the interesterification products the following were determined: acid value, peroxide number, and oxidative stability. The collected data were statistically processed using Tukey’s test. Following the interesterification, the fats revealed an elevated percentage of free fatty acids and primary oxidation products and reduced oxidative stability compared to those of lard. The last of the above-mentioned phenomena could have been due to the incorporation of polyenic fatty acids into the external positions of triacyclglycerols of lard. The interesterification of lard and hemp seed oil allows scientists to acquire substitutes rich in essential fatty acids and similar to human breast milk fat with respect to the distribution of fatty acids in triacylglycerol molecules.

scholarly journals Exposure of infants to organochlorine pesticides from breast milk consumption in southwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seblework Mekonen ◽  
Argaw Ambelu ◽  
Mekitie Wondafrash ◽  
Patrick Kolsteren ◽  
Pieter Spanoghe
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

AbstractBreast milk is often used as an environmental bioindicator since it serves as an important medium to accumulate organochlorine pesticides. The main aim of this study is to determine the level of organochlorine pesticides in human breast milk collected from three districts of southwestern Ethiopia (Asendabo, Deneba, and Serbo) at three times points baselines (1st month), midline ( six months), and end line (12 months) and risk of infants’ exposure. A longitudinal study was conducted to assess pesticide residues in human breast milk samples and evaluate the risk-exposure of infants to these pesticides from consumption of mother’s milk in Ethiopia. Breast milk samples were collected from 168 mothers at three time points and pesticides were extracted using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method. The level of pesticide residues in human milk samples and exposure of infants to the pesticides was evaluated by calculating the estimated daily intake and compared with the provisional tolerable daily intake of the pesticides under study. The results indicated that, from the eight organochlorine pesticides analyzed in 447 breast milk samples at three sampling times, DDT and its metabolites were detected. p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT were detected in all (100%) of the breast milk samples while, p,p-DDD, and o,p-DDT were detected in 53.9%, and 42.7%, respectively. The mean concentration of total DDT at three time points(baseline, midline and endline) were 2.25, 1.68 and 1.32 µg/g milk fat, respectively. The mean concentration of total DDT from the three districts was 1.85 µg/g milk fat which is above the maximum residue limit (MRL = 0.02 µg/g milk fat set by FAO/WHO). The mean ratio of DDT/DDE for the three areas was calculated less than five (< 5) indicates historical DDT use in the study area. The estimated daily intake of infants at the first month of breastfeeding was 11.24 µg/kg-BW/day, above the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) for total DDT set by FAO/WHO, which is 10 µg/kg body weight. An intake of OCPs is a big concern for infants' health in Ethiopia and countries with a similar condition, particularly at the first month of lactation. Strict regulations of the health-threatening pesticide by the regulatory body (Environment, Forest and Climate Change Commission) at the country and regional levels is advocated.

scholarly journals Neonatal Diet Impacts Bioregional Microbiota Composition in Piglets Fed Human Breast Milk or Infant Formula

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (12) ◽  
pp. 2236-2246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren R Brink ◽  
Katelin Matazel ◽  
Brian D Piccolo ◽  
Anne K Bowlin ◽  
Sree V Chintapalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
16S Rna ◽  
Luminal Region

ABSTRACT Background Early infant diet influences postnatal gut microbial development, which in turn can modulate the developing immune system. Objectives The aim of this study was to characterize diet-specific bioregional microbiota differences in piglets fed either human breast milk (HM) or infant formula. Methods Male piglets (White Dutch Landrace Duroc) were raised on HM or cow milk formula (MF) from postnatal day (PND) 2 to PND 21 and weaned to an ad libitum diet until PND 51. Piglets were euthanized on either PND 21 or PND 51, and the gastrointestinal contents were collected for 16s RNA sequencing. Data were analyzed using the Quantitative Insight into Microbial Ecology. Diversity measurements (Chao1 and Shannon) and the Wald test were used to determine relative abundance. Results At PND 21, the ileal luminal region of HM-fed piglets showed lower Chao1 operational taxonomic unit diversity, while Shannon diversity was lower in cecal, proximal colon (PC), and distal colon (DC) luminal regions, relative to MF-fed piglets. In addition, at PND 51, the HM-fed piglets had lower genera diversity within the jejunum, ileum, PC, and DC luminal regions, relative to MF-fed piglets. At PND 21, Turicibacter was 4- to 5-fold lower in the HM-fed piglets’ ileal, cecal, PC, and DC luminal regions, relative to the MF-fed piglets. Campylobacter is 3- to 6-fold higher in HM-fed piglets duodenal, ileal, cecal, PC, and DC luminal regions, in comparison to MF-fed piglets. Furthermore, the large intestine (cecum, PC, and rectum) luminal region of HM-fed piglets showed 4- to 7-fold higher genera that belong to class Bacteroidia, in comparison to MF-fed piglets at PND 21. In addition, at PND 51 distal colon lumen of HM-fed piglets showed 1.5-fold higher genera from class Bacteroidia than the MF-fed piglets. Conclusions In the large intestinal regions (cecum, PC, and rectum), MF diet alters microbiota composition, relative to HM diet, with sustained effects after weaning from the neonatal diet. These microbiota changes could impact immune system and health outcomes later in life.

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