scholarly journals Leaf and seedling morphology: the two prospective parameters to trace phylogeny in apiaceae subfamily apioideae.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1698
Author(s):  
Saubhik Das
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
Cotyledonary Leaf ◽  
Surface Micromorphology ◽  
Distinct Cluster ◽  
Eryngium Foetidum ◽  
Primitive Condition

Determination of phylogenetic affinity among the members of Apiaceae especially the subfamily Apioideae is much debatable. The morphological evidences on inflorescence, fruit and seed characters showed little concomitance with those derived from molecular parameters as far as groupings in clades are concerned. In the present study involving few selected Apiaceae members, a Dendrogram was computed and a putative evolutionary trend was outlined based on leaf margin insertion pattern and cotyledonary leaf features, general plant morphology as well as leaf surface micromorphology by SEM. The members of Apiaceae with broad-ovate pinnatifid to pinnatipartite leaves and ovate –lanceolate cotyledonary leaves were included in a distinct cluster but the members with pinnatisect – decompounds leaves and linear cotyledonary leaves were included in a separate cluster. Long Coriander (Eryngium foetidum) included in the subfamily Saniculoideae may represent the most primitive condition having simple entire leaf with spiny margin. The member like Long coriander might have served as progenitor stock from which Coriander, Celery, Parsley (all with ovate pinnatifid to pinnatipartite leaves) and Cumin, Fennel, Dill (all having pinnatisect to decompounds leaves with linear segments) might have originated as evidenced by gradual increase in marginal insertion. Similarly, gradual narrowing of ovate-lanceolate cotyledonary leaves might have given rise to narrow linear cotyledonary leaves. Leaf-margin insertion pattern and cotyledonary leaf features appeared to be promising in tracing phylogeny in Apiaceae especially in Apioideae. Simple entire leaf represents the primitive condition and evolution in Apiaceae supposed to have progressed towards gradual increase in marginal insertion leading to pinnately dissected, pinnatipartite and ultimately to decompound leaves with narrow linear segments. Dendrogram computed from morphological features showed concomitance with that phylogenetic trend as far as grouping and interrelationships of members are concerned.  In the present study leaf margin insertion pattern and seedling morphology appeared to be instrumental in tracing the phylogeny in Apiaceae specially subfamily Apioideae while molecular systematics are not conclusive.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF LEAVES AND FRUITS OF MANGO (Mangifera indica L.) CV. IMBU

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIANA CRISTINA VIECCELLI ◽  
DALMO LOPES DE SIQUEIRA ◽  
WILKA MESSNER DA SILVA BISPO ◽  
LORENA MOREIRA CARVALHO LEMOS
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Surface Staining ◽  
Solids Content

ABSTRACT Although mango is one of the tropical fruits of greater interest in the world trade, literature concerning their rootstocks (characteristics and utilization) is scarce. This study aimed to characterize mango plants from cv. Imbú, widely used as rootstock in the Zona da Mata region, State of Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil. Though fruits of this cultivar do not present desirable commercial characteristics, this study allowed us to characterize part of plant morphology and fill a gap in the literature, providing subsidies for future investigations. For such, 'Imbú' plants (˜ 4-years old) from the collection of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, located in Viçosa -MG were evaluated. The descriptors were: (i) leaf blade division;(ii) leaf composition; (iii) petiole length in relation to leaf blade; (iv) phyllotaxis, (v) leaf position in relation to the branch insertion; (vi) leaf shape; (vii) leaf apex and base angles; (viii) leaf margin category; (ix) venation; (x) leaf length and thickness; (xi) leaf length/thickness ratio; (xii) leaf texture; (xiii) leaf fragrance; (xix) leaf color. The leaves were depicted as lanceolate, with entire margins and sharp angles at the base and apex of the leaf blade. The intensity of the green color of the leaf blade was considered intermediate and the abaxial surface staining showed less intense than that observed in the upper side. The fruits were processed and separated into peel, pulp and seeds in order to evaluate the flesh color, fresh weight and percentage of seeds, peel and pulp. It was determined the soluble solids content, starch concentration, the peel and the pulp color, the cerosity, the percentage evaluation of peel, pulp and seed and the pulp firmness. The average number of germinated seedlings per seed was estimated for 230 sown seeds.

scholarly journals Multicategorical descriptors for creole genotypes of Amazon chicory (Eryngium foetidum)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-338
Author(s):  
Rafaelle F Gomes ◽  
Viviane P Gonçalves ◽  
Renata da S Arruda ◽  
Lucas da S Santos
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Dissimilarity Matrix ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Local Diversity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Eryngium Foetidum

ABSTRACT The knowledge concerning genetic variability of creole genotypes by using morphological descriptors in species such as Amazon chicory is crucial to quantify local diversity and protect improved cultivars. Accordingly, this study aimed to propose multicategory leaf morphological descriptors for Amazon chicory species. To achieve that, an experiment was arranged in randomized block design with four repetitions. The treatments comprised eight creole genotypes of Amazon chicory, which were obtained from local producers’ collection. The proposed multi-categorical descriptors are based on limb shape, leaf apex shape, leaf base shape, leaf margin, bract consistency, and bract margin traits. Once the multicategorical clustered data were obtained, they were transformed into a dissimilarity matrix. The limb shape presents dissimilarity, being either lanceolate or spatulate; as well as for leaf margin, which can be dentate or serrate. Thus, both limb shape and leaf margin constitute important qualitative descriptors for genetic diversity assessment and conservation for Amazon chicory, besides a recommended tool to be exploited in breeding programs.

scholarly journals On the grounds of the method which Laplace has given in the chapter of the third book of his Mécanique Céleste for computing the attractions of spheroids of every description

1832 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 413-415
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fluid State ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Figure Of The Earth ◽  
Primitive Condition ◽  
Uniform Fluid

Sir Isaac Newton, who first considered the figure of the earth and planets, confined his view to the supposition of their having been originally in a fluid state; and he conceived them to retain the same figure which they assumed in their primitive condition; and those mathematicians who succeeded him in the same path of inquiry have seldom ventured beyond this limited hypothesis, and have shown, that when a body composed of one uniform fluid revolves about its axis, or even if it consists of several fluids of different densities, its parts will be in equilibrium, and it will preserve its figure when it has the form of an elliptic spheroid of revolution oblate at the poles. But though the supposition of original fluidity of the mass simplifies the investigation, it does not seem to be warranted by what we see of the surface; for in that case, Mr. Ivory observes, the arrangement of all the heterogeneous matters would have been according to their densities; those least dense occupying the surface with gradual increase of density to the centre; whereas, on the contrary, nothing can be more irregular than the density of such solid parts of the earth as come under our observation, and the elevation of continents above the level of the sea, as well as the depths of the different channels which contain the waters of the ocean.

scholarly journals Micromorphology of the epidermis and anatomical structure of the leaves of Scorzonera hispanica L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosława Chwil ◽  
Marcela Krawiec ◽  
Paweł Krawiec ◽  
Stanisław Chwil
Keyword(s):  
Single Layer ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Abaxial Epidermis ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Surface Micromorphology ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Fluorescence Light

In Poland <em>Scorzonera hispanica</em> L. is rare in the wild. This species is used as a vegetable and medicinal plant. Currently, attempts are being made to introduce this plant into cultivation in Poland. In this study, comparative analyses were conducted of the epidermis surface micromorphology and anatomical structure of the leaves of <em>S. hispanica</em> ‘Maxima’ and ‘Meres’. The investigations were performed using fluorescence, light and scanning electron microscopy. The cuticle on the surface of epidermal cells is smooth or striated. In the epidermis, there are anomocytic stomata. The stomatal index in the epidermis of the studied cultivars is 9.3–11%. In the midrib of the leaf, there is an aerial cavity which occupies a substantial area. In this place, cracking and breaking of the leaf blade were observed. Over the aerial cavity under the adaxial epidermis, there is a single layer of collenchyma cells and 1–2 rows of parenchyma cells. Tangential collenchyma is also present between the abaxial epidermis and large vascular bundles located in the midrib and on both sides of the large vascular bundles in the lamina. This tissue strengthens the leaf margin. The mesophyll cells located in the abaxial epidermis of the midrib form protrusions surrounding the large vascular bundles. The leaves of <em>S. hispanica</em> represent the equifacial type.

INFLUENCE OF METYRAPONE ON PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS OF TESTOSTERONE AND ANDROSTENEDIONE IN MAN

1971 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 576-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Nilsson ◽  
B. Hökfelt
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Secondary Hypogonadism

ABSTRACT Metyrapone was administered either orally, 750 mg every four h, in a total of six doses, or intravenously 30 mg per kg body weight as a four h infusion. In three males with normal endocrine functions, metyrapone given orally or intravenously induced a fall in plasma testosterone and an elevation of androstenedione within 2–8 h. When metyrapone was administered to a patient given dexamethasone to suppress endogenous ACTH production, the androstenedione levels did not alter whereas the testosterone levels showed a slight, transient decrease. In two normal females metyrapone administration was followed by a marked increase in plasma androstenedione whereas testosterone showed only a minor, gradual increase. In one male patient with Addison's disease the basal plasma testosterone was normal whereas the level of androstenedione was low. Following metyrapone intravenously, there was a slight suppression of plasma testosterone but no change in the androstenedione concentration. In one patient with primary hypogonadism, two with secondary hypogonadism and two with Klinefelter's syndrome the plasma testosterone was low under basal conditions and did not change following metyrapone. Basal plasma androstenedione was within the range for normal males and increased markedly following metyrapone in all the cases.

Pengembangan buku ajar praktikum mata kuliah morfologi tumbuhan di laboratorium biologi

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Suraida Suraida
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
The State ◽  
State Institute ◽  
Plan Execution ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Biology Laboratory

Abstrak Penelitian ini dilakukan karena proses pembelajaran di laboratorium Biologi IAIN STS Jambi yang masih minim sarana prasarana yang ada di laboratorium, sehingga menghambat proses pembelajaran khususnya untuk mata kuliah Morfologi Tumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan buku ajar praktikum dan mengetahui praktikalitasnya. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan menggunakan 4-D Models yang terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu Define, Design, Develop dan Disseminate. Karena adanya keterbatasan waktu dan biaya maka tahap disseminate tidak dilakukan. Produk yang dikembangkan berupa buku ajar praktikum yang divalidasi oleh validator. Produk yang telah divalidasi dan dinyatakan valid oleh validator, kemudian diujicobakan pada proses pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk melihat nilai praktis buku ajar praktikum di laboratorium Biologi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah data deskriptif untuk memvalidasi perangkat pembelajaran oleh pakar pendidikan. Selain itu juga diteliti data praktikalitas penggunaan perangkat pembelajaran ini yang diperoleh dari observasi dosen dan respon siswa. Nilai validitas produk 83,31% yang dikategorikan valid. Sementara nilai kepraktisan berdasarkan data observasi keterlaksanaan SAP, angket respon dosen dan siswa dikategorikan sangat baik atau sangat praktis. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran di Laboratorium Biologi yang dikembangkan adalah valid dan sangat praktis digunakan baik dosen maupun siswa. Kata Kunci : Pengembangan, buku ajar praktikum, laboratorium biologi Abstract [The development of a course book for plant morphology at biology laboratory] This research was triggered by the limited facilities of the biology laboratory at the State Institute of Islamic Studies Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi which became a constrain in the teaching and learning process of Plant Morphology classroom sessions. The objective of this research was to develop a course book as well as to reveal its practicality. The researcher did a research and development using 4-D Models consisting of four stages namely; define, design, develop, and disseminate. Considering the limitation of time and finance, the disseminate stage was not executed. The test revealed the validity score of the product was 83,31% which categorized as good. For its practicality, the product was considered as very good based on observation of lesson plan execution and lecturers’ and students’ response. In summary, the course book developed for the course at Biology Laboratory was categorized as valid and practical to be used by both students and lecturers. Keywords: development, a course book, biology laboratory

EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Elena Evgenevna Mashyanova ◽  
Elena Aleksandrovna Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Global Financial System

In modern conditions of development, financial security is an integral part of the overall security of the region and is formed on the basis of the functioning of the financial system. The complication of relationships between key segments of international financial markets, as well as the limited ability to accurately predict future trends in the development of the global financial system, lead to a gradual increase in the risks that accompany the activities of economic entities, and an increase in the number and scale of internal and external threats that have a negative impact on the financial security of the state. This formulation of the issue requires generalization of approaches to determining the financial security of the region in order to further formalize this issue and determine the key factors affecting it. The article considers the types of financial security, as well as certain areas of ensuring the financial security of the region and their priority. In work the assessment of the level of socio-economic development of the region with a view to ensuring financial security on the basis of which offers the main activities and priority areas of implementation of the investment policy that will ensure financial security of the Republic of Crimea.

Boron nitride for modification of rubber based on isoprene elastomer

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
K. S. Zhansakova ◽  
E. N. Eremin ◽  
G. S. Russkikh ◽  
O. V. Kropotin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Cross Link Density ◽  
Isoprene Rubber

The work studies vulcanization characteristics of elastomers based on isoprene rubber filled with carbon black N330 and boron nitride (BN). The influence of the boron nitride (BN) concentration on technological, dynamic, physical and mechanical properties of elastomers has been researched. The application of boron nitride for producing rubber with good properties has been considered. With a gradual increase of the inert filler BN concentration up to 35%, a decrease in the curing rate by 33% and polymer cross-link density by 26% is observed. Moreover, the start time of vulcanization increases by almost 300%, the optimal curing time by 200%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document