Signal Transduction Pathways of G Protein-coupled Receptors and Their Cross-Talk with Receptor Tyrosine Kinases: Lessons from Bradykinin Signaling

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 911-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Liebmann ◽  
Frank Bohmer
2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (52) ◽  
pp. 18494-18507
Author(s):  
Kelly Karl ◽  
Michael D. Paul ◽  
Elena B. Pasquale ◽  
Kalina Hristova

Ligand bias is the ability of ligands to differentially activate certain receptor signaling responses compared with others. It reflects differences in the responses of a receptor to specific ligands and has implications for the development of highly specific therapeutics. Whereas ligand bias has been studied primarily for G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), there are also reports of ligand bias for receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). However, the understanding of RTK ligand bias is lagging behind the knowledge of GPCR ligand bias. In this review, we highlight how protocols that were developed to study GPCR signaling can be used to identify and quantify RTK ligand bias. We also introduce an operational model that can provide insights into the biophysical basis of RTK activation and ligand bias. Finally, we discuss possible mechanisms underpinning RTK ligand bias. Thus, this review serves as a primer for researchers interested in investigating ligand bias in RTK signaling.


Biochemistry ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (44) ◽  
pp. 14595-14605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte K. Billington ◽  
Kok C. Kong ◽  
Raja Bhattacharyya ◽  
Philip B. Wedegaertner ◽  
Reynold A. Panettieri, ◽  
...  

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine N. Bresnick ◽  
Heather A. Skynner ◽  
Kerry L. Chapman ◽  
Andrew D. Jack ◽  
Elize Zamiara ◽  
...  

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