scholarly journals A functional genomics approach using radiation-induced changes in gene expression to study low dose radiation effects in vitro and in vivo

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fornace, Jr, A J
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Functional Genomics ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Dose Radiation

scholarly journals Low-dose radiation therapy: a treatment for pneumonia resulting from COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hamid Ghaznavi ◽  
Farideh Elahimanesh ◽  
Jamil Abdolmohammadi ◽  
Meysam Mirzaie ◽  
Sadegh Ghaderi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
The World ◽  
Dose Radiation

Abstract Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly throughout the world. Lung is the primary organ which the COVID-19 virus affects and leads to pneumonia, an acute respiratory distress syndrome. COVID-19 infects the lower respiratory system, and the lung’s response to this infection is recruiting macrophages and monocytes leading to inflammation, this response causes widespread damage to the lung’s airways. Aim: The purpose of this study is to review studies of using low-dose radiation as a treatment for the inflammation of the tissue and pneumonia resulting from COVID-19. These studies were compared with the risk of developing lung cancer during performed dose for the treatment of COVID-19 in radiation therapy. Materials and methods: Our study focused on in vitro, in vivo and clinical reports of using low-dose radiation for the treatment of inflammation, pneumonia and COVID-19. The risk of lung cancer resulting from suggested dose in these studies was also evaluated. Conclusion: From the review of articles, we have found that low-dose radiation can lead to improvement in inflammation in different line cells and animals; in addition, it has been effective in treating inflammation and pneumonia caused by COVID-19 in human up to 80%. Since suggested doses do not remarkably increase the lung cancer risk, low-dose radiation can be an adjuvant treatment for COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Injectable Hydrogel for Synergetic Low Dose Radiotherapy, Chemodynamic Therapy and Photothermal Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhu Chen ◽  
Ziqi Wang ◽  
Weilong Suo ◽  
Zhirong Bao ◽  
Hong Quan
Keyword(s):  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Intratumoral Injection ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Injectable Hydrogel ◽  
Low Dose Radiotherapy ◽  
Dose Radiation

Higher doses of radiotherapy (RT) are associated with resistance induction, therefore highly selective and controllable radiosensitizers are urgently needed. To address this issue, we developed a FeGA-based injectable hydrogel system (FH) that can be used in combination with low-dose radiation. Our FH can deliver FeGA directly to the tumor site via intratumoral injection, where it is a reservoir-based system to conserve FeGA. The photothermal properties of FeGA steadily dissolve FH under laser irradiation, and, simultaneously, FeGA reacts with a large amount of H2O2 in the cell to produce OH (Fenton reaction) which is highly toxic to mitochondria, rendering the cell inactive and reducing radiotherapy resistance. In vivo and in vitro studies suggest that combining the FH and NIR irradiation with RT (2Gy) can significantly reduce tumor proliferation without side effects such as inflammation. To conclude, this is the first study to achieve combined chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) in situ treatment, and the best therapeutic effect can be obtained with a low-dose radiation combination, thus expanding the prospects of FeGA-based tumor therapy.

scholarly journals Low-Dose Radiation Induces Adaptive Response in Normal Cells, but not in Tumor Cells: In vitro and in vivo Studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu JIANG ◽  
Wei LI ◽  
Xiuyi LI ◽  
Lu CAI ◽  
Guanjun WANG
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Dose Radiation

scholarly journals Low Dose Radiation-Induced Adaptive Survival Response in Mouse Spleen T-lymphocytes in vivo.

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAOKI YOSHIDA ◽  
HAJIME IMADA ◽  
NAOKI KUNUGITA ◽  
TOSHIYUKI NORIMURA
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Mouse Spleen ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Dose Radiation

Radiation-Induced Changes in Gene-Expression Profiles for the SCC VII Tumor Cells Grown In Vitro and In Vivo

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1263-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Cook ◽  
Eric Y. Chuang ◽  
Mong-Hsun Tsai ◽  
Debbie Coffin ◽  
William Degraff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Requirements for Identification of Low Dose and Non-Linear Mutagenic Responses to Ionising Radiation

Dose-Response ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. dose-response.0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela J. Sykes ◽  
Tanya K. Day
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Cellular Transformation ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Spontaneous Frequency ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Dose Radiation

Cancer results from multiple changes in gene expression that can occur both genetically and epigenetically. High doses of radiation can lead to mutations and cancer. At high doses the number of mutations caused by radiation is essentially linear with dose. Low dose radiation induced protective responses observed for cancer in vivo and cellular transformation in vitro would predict that hormetic responses would also be observed in mutation assays. Although there are a large number of different mutation assays available, very few are able to detect changes in mutation frequency in response to very low doses of DNA damaging agents. The easiest way to cope with this lack of data in the low dose range is to invoke a linear-no-threshold model for risk assessment. The reasons for the lack of data are discussed. In order to identify hormetic mutation responses, assays need to have a spontaneous frequency that is high enough to enable a reduction below spontaneous frequency to be detected in a feasible number of scored cells and also need to be able to identify both genetic and epigenetic changes. The pKZ1 chromosomal inversion assay fits the criteria for detecting hormetic responses to low dose radiation.

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