scholarly journals Novel in vivo imaging techniques for trafficking the behavior of subventricular zone neural stem cells (SVZSC) and SVZSC induced functional repair

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Liisa Brownell
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques

scholarly journals Single-cell in vivo imaging of adult neural stem cells in the zebrafish telencephalon

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1360-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana S Barbosa ◽  
Rossella Di Giaimo ◽  
Magdalena Götz ◽  
Jovica Ninkovic
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Adult Neural Stem Cells

scholarly journals Basal neural stem cells in the subventricular zone drive postnatal neurogenesis with apical stem cells acting as proliferation gate-keepers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Baur ◽  
Yomn Abdullah ◽  
Claudia Mandl ◽  
Gabriele Hölzl-Wenig ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Lateral Inhibition ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Primary Cilia ◽  
List Type ◽  
Inhibition Of Proliferation ◽  
Neural Lineage ◽  
Notch Activation

ABSTRACTNeural stem cells (NSCs) in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) contribute to olfaction by being the origin of most adult-born olfactory bulb (OB) interneurons. The current consensus maintains that adult NSCs are radial glialike progenitors apically contacting the lateral ventricle and generating intermediate progenitors migrating at the basal V-SVZ. Whether basal NSCs are present in the V-SVZ is unknown. We here used genetic tagging of NSCs in vivo and additional labelling approaches to reveal that basal NSCs lacking apical attachment represent the largest NSC type in the postnatal V-SVZ from birth onwards. Despite dividing faster than their apical counterpart, basal NSCs still undergo long-term self-renewal and quiescence. Unlike apical NSCs, they are largely devoid of primary cilia and Prominin-1, Nestin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity. Six weeks after viral tagging of apical cells, few descendant cells were detected in the basal V-SVZ, including Sox9+ progenitors and GFAP+ astrocytes, and very rare new neurons in the OB, indicating that adult-born OB neurons originate from basal and not apical NSCs. Consistent with this, we found that pregnancy, a physiological modulator of adult OB neurogenesis, selectively increases the number of basal but not apical NSCs. Lastly, we find that apical NSCs display the highest levels of Notch activation in the neural lineage, and that selective apical downregulation of Notch-signaling effector Hes1 decreases Notch activation while increasing proliferation across the V-SVZ. Thus, apical NSCs act essentially as neurogenesis gatekeepers by modulating Notch-mediated lateral inhibition of proliferation in the adult V-SVZ.Graphical AbstractHighlightsBasal NSCs are the most abundant stem cell type in the adult V-SVZ from birth onwards.Apical and basal NSCs display distinct characteristics and cell cycle progression dynamics.Apical NSCs are not the main source of newly generated adult OB interneurons.Apical NSCs regulate intermediate progenitor proliferation by orchestrating Notch-mediated lateral inhibition.

scholarly journals In vivo live imaging of postnatal neural stem cells

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Marymonchyk ◽  
Sarah Malvaut ◽  
Armen Saghatelyan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Live Imaging ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
New Information ◽  
Imaging Results

ABSTRACT Neural stem cells (NSCs) are maintained in specific regions of the postnatal brain and contribute to its structural and functional plasticity. However, the long-term renewal potential of NSCs and their mode of division remain elusive. The use of advanced in vivo live imaging approaches may expand our knowledge of NSC physiology and provide new information for cell replacement therapies. In this Review, we discuss the in vivo imaging methods used to study NSC dynamics and recent live-imaging results with respect to specific intracellular pathways that allow NSCs to integrate and decode different micro-environmental signals. Lastly, we discuss future directions that may provide answers to unresolved questions regarding NSC physiology.

scholarly journals Activated Neural Stem Cells Contribute to Stroke-Induced Neurogenesis and Neuroblast Migration toward the Infarct Boundary in Adult Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruilan Zhang ◽  
Zhenggang Zhang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Anton Gousev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Antimitotic Agent ◽  
Neuroblast Migration ◽  
Ipsilateral Striatum

Stroke increases neurogenesis. The authors investigated whether neural stem cells or progenitor cells in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) of rats contribute to stroke-induced increase in neurogenesis. After induction of stroke in rats, the numbers of cells immunoreactive to doublecortin, a marker for immature neurons, increased in the ipsilateral SVZ and striatum. Infusion of an antimitotic agent (cytosine-β-D-arabiofuranoside, Ara-C) onto the ipsilateral cortex eliminated more than 98% of actively proliferating cells in the SVZ and doublecortin-positive cells in the ipsilateral striatum. However, doublecortin-positive cells rapidly replenished after antimitotic agent depletion of actively proliferating cells. Depleting the numbers of actively proliferating cells in vivo had no effect on the numbers of neurospheres formed in vitro, yet the numbers of neurospheres derived from stroke rats significantly ( P < 0.05) increased. Neurospheres derived from stroke rats self-renewed and differentiated into neurons and glia. In addition, doublecortin-positive cells generated in the SVZ migrated in a chainlike structure toward ischemic striatum. These findings indicate that in the adult stroke brain, increases in recruitment of neural stem cells contribute to stroke-induced neurogenesis, and that newly generated neurons migrate from the SVZ to the ischemic striatum.

In vivo imaging of engrafted neural stem cells: its application in evaluating the optimal timing of transplantation for spinal cord injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 1839-1841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Okada ◽  
Ken Ishii ◽  
Junichi Yamane ◽  
Akio Iwanami ◽  
Takeshi Ikegami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Activation of a neural stem cell transcriptional program in parenchymal astrocytes

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens P Magnusson ◽  
Margherita Zamboni ◽  
Giuseppe Santopolo ◽  
Jeff E Mold ◽  
Mauricio Barrientos-Somarribas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Transcriptional Program ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Neuronal Lineage ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Adult neural stem cells, located in discrete brain regions, generate new neurons throughout life. These stem cells are specialized astrocytes, but astrocytes in other brain regions do not generate neurons under physiological conditions. After stroke, however, striatal astrocytes undergo neurogenesis in mice, triggered by decreased Notch signaling. We used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize neurogenesis by Notch-depleted striatal astrocytes in vivo. Striatal astrocytes were located upstream of neural stem cells in the neuronal lineage. As astrocytes initiated neurogenesis, they became transcriptionally very similar to subventricular zone stem cells, progressing through a near-identical neurogenic program. Surprisingly, in the non-neurogenic cortex, Notch-depleted astrocytes also initiated neurogenesis. Yet, these cortical astrocytes, and many striatal ones, stalled before entering transit-amplifying divisions. Infusion of epidermal growth factor enabled stalled striatal astrocytes to resume neurogenesis. We conclude that parenchymal astrocytes are latent neural stem cells and that targeted interventions can guide them through their neuronal differentiation.

scholarly journals Bimodal Viral Vectors and In Vivo Imaging Reveal the Fate of Human Neural Stem Cells in Experimental Glioma Model

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (17) ◽  
pp. 4406-4413 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Shah ◽  
S. Hingtgen ◽  
R. Kasmieh ◽  
J. L. Figueiredo ◽  
E. Garcia-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Experimental Glioma ◽  
Glioma Model

scholarly journals Activation of a neural stem cell transcriptional program in parenchymal astrocytes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens P. Magnusson ◽  
Margherita Zamboni ◽  
Giuseppe Santopolo ◽  
Jeff E. Mold ◽  
Mauricio Barrientos-Somarribas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Neuronal Lineage ◽  
Epidermal Growth

AbstractNeural stem cells, located in discrete niches in the adult brain, generate new neurons throughout life. These stem cells are specialized astrocytes, but astrocytes in other brain regions do not generate neurons under physiological conditions. After stroke, however, striatal astrocytes undergo neurogenesis in mice, triggered by decreased Notch signaling. We used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize neurogenesis by Notch-depleted striatal astrocytes in vivo. Striatal astrocytes were located upstream of neural stem cells in the neuronal lineage. As astrocytes initiated neurogenesis, they became transcriptionally very similar to subventricular zone stem cells and progressed through a nearly identical neurogenic program. Surprisingly, in the non- neurogenic cortex, Notch-depleted astrocytes also initiated neurogenesis. Yet, the cortical astrocytes, and many striatal ones, stalled before entering transit- amplifying divisions. Infusion of epidermal growth factor enabled stalled striatal astrocytes to resume neurogenesis. We conclude that parenchymal astrocytes are latent neural stem cells and that targeted interventions can guide them through their neuronal differentiation.

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