scholarly journals The influence of nickel content on microstructures of Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic alloys irradiated with nickel ions

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Muroga ◽  
N. Yoshida ◽  
F.A. Garner
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Content ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Austenitic Alloys

Corrosion Performance of Austenitic Alloys in Automobile Exhaust Environments

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Chart ◽  
H. T. Michels
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Austenitic Alloys ◽  
Nickel Base

The performance of several austenitic alloys ranging from low alloy content stainless steels to nickel-base alloys has been evaluated at temperatures from 704–1093°C (1300–2000°F) in cyclic air + 10 percent water vapor and from 704–982°C (1300–1800°F) in gasoline engine exhaust. The gasoline engine exhaust was found to be the more aggresive of the two test environments. A general trend of increasing performance with increasing nickel content was observed. At the highest test temperatures in both tests, the nickel-base alloys clearly displayed superior performance.

Determination of Tin and Nickel Content in Pyrophosphate Tin-Nickel Alloy Plating Bath

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
Qiu Ju Geng ◽  
Xue Wei
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Nickel Alloy ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Plating Bath ◽  
Nickel Ion ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Alloy Plating ◽  
Total Measurement Error ◽  
Analytical Requirements

Tin and nickel ions are in stable complexing form in Pyrophosphate tin-nickel alloy plating bath, this paper uses back-titration of Zn2+ standard solution to determine total amount of tin and nickel ions, and spectrophotometry to determine content of nickel ions in the bath to study interference and elimination methods of co-existing components. The results show that: eliminate the interference of pyrophosphate by heating the solution to hydrolyse and mask Sn4+ and Fe3+ effectively with triethanolamine, the total measurement error is about 0.91%, standard deviation is 0.0141; The recovery of determination for nickel ion content is 99.13%, and standard deviation is 0.0180; The method i-s simple, fast and is able to meet the analytical requirements for controlling the plating quality.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of chromium and nickel in early stage of ontogenetic development of corn

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Maize Plants

The data on phytotoxicity of the combined action of chromium and nickel ions on maize hybrids Premiya 190 MV and Euro 401 SV in laboratory vegetation experiments have been analyzed. Plants were grown during 6 days in vegetation vessels at the temperature of 26–27°C on standard Hogland-Snyder’s nutrient medium, with the illumination of 15,000 lux for 16 hours per day and the aeration of nutrient medium. Then chromium and nickel compounds were added into the growth vessels. The effect of the combined action of aqueous solutions of chromium (III) and nickel (II) sulfates was studied in the following variants of the experiment: control (distilled water); 1MPC Ni2++1MPC Cr3+; 10MPC Ni2++ 1MPC Cr3+; 1MPC Ni2++10MPC Cr3+; 10MPC Ni2++10MPC Cr3+ (MPC – maximum permissible concentration). In the experiments, it was assumed that MPC of Cr is 6 mg/l and MPC of Ni is 4 mg/l. Then, after 24 and 72 hours of applying of chromium and nickel solutions, the length of the main root and the height of the aerial part and their weight were measured, and the root index value was calculated. Analysis of the data showed that the inhibitory effect of chromium and nickel ions on the growth of plant of hybrid Premiya 190 MV was 1.4 times less than that for plants of Euro 401 SV hybrid. At 72 hours of plant growth with a minimum concentration of chromium on the background of maximum nickel, the growth inhibition of main root of plants of hybrid Premiya 190 MV was 27%, while at the maximum concentration of chromium on the background of the minimum nickel content – 19.4%. For hybrid Euro 401 SV more effective inhibition of root growth was found: in the variant with the maximum nickel on the background of minimum chromium – by 54.6%, and at the maximum chromium content – by 40%. At the same time, it was found that chromium and nickel ions in minimal concentrations stimulated the main root growth by 16–17 % in Premiya 190 MV, whereas in Euro 401 SV – suppressed by 33%. In general, the similar effects were observed for the production of weight of root system. Most significantly, this effect was revealed in the Euro 401 SV hybrid. Reducing the weight of wet and dry mass of this hybrid plants at the maximum nickel content was 50 and 28%, whereas at the maximum concentration of chromium it was 40 and 20% respectively. The obtained results indicate both the greater negative effect of chromium ions on maize plants and the lower metal tolerance of Euro 401 SV hybrid seedlings compared to the Premiya 190 MV at joint influence of chromium and nickel. The results allow to state that in maize plants at the early stages of their ontogenetic development, there is a greater up to 15% negative effect of nickel ions than chromium on the root and aerial part growth, formation of wet and dry weight. Combined action of chromium and nickel ions shows a greater phytotoxic effect on the root system development than on the aerial parts of plants. This effect is, most likely, due to the functioning of the anatomical, physiological and biochemical barrier mechanisms in the root-leaf system with respect to the excessive translocation of metal ions that cause inhibiting effects.

Nickel Free Alloy for Cardiovascular Stents Application Against Restenosis Associated with Nickel: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibin Ren
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Coronary Stents ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Cardiovascular Stents ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
In Stent Restenosis

The commercialized coronary stents are generally made of biomedical stainless steels (316L) and biomedical cobalt-based alloy (for example L605 alloy) due to their good combination of properties, especially their excellent mechanical properties. However, there are above 10% nickel content in these stents materials, which was known to trigger the inflammation and allergic responses around stents implant location, and contradiction associated with in-stent restenosis when the nickel ions began to release from stents for various corrosion. Consequently, the potential adverse effect of nickel ions release has prompted the development of many nickel free alloy stents materials. In this paper, the controversy of nickel and in-stent restenosis, and the development of nickel free alloy for cardiovascular stents application are reviewed. Nickel free cobalt alloy maybe a good choice for stent materials, but further research is needed. Many research results have proved the high nitrogen nickel-free stainless steel is a good potential stents material and suitable for clinical use, therefore the austenitic high nitrogen nickel-free stainless steels may offer an alternative to further improve the performance of the current coronary stents.

scholarly journals Growth inhibition and induction of programmed cell death in the root of He­lianthus annuus L. triggered by nickel ions and nickel-histidine complexes

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Viera S. Mackievic ◽  
Artur A. Shyker ◽  
Siarhej M. Zvanarou ◽  
Kiryl S. Litskevich ◽  
Oksana A. Turovets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Nickel Concentration ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
High Concentrations

Nickel (Ni2+) performs a number of vital functions in plants, but at high concentrations it causes toxic effects and inhibits their growth and development. The problem of nickel contamination has a special place in environmental physiology, since the refuse to use nickel alloys and therefore the reduction of Ni2+ release into the biosphere are practically impossible today. In nature one of the mechanisms of adaptation to the excessive nickel content in the medium is increased synthesis of histidine, which forms chelates with Ni2+. In the present work, for the first time, a detailed analysis of the effects of nickel and nickel-histidine complexes on the growth and development of sunflower roots (Helianthus annuus L.) of Belarusian selection (variety Orion) was carried out. It was established that Ni2+, starting from its level in the medium of 0.3 mmol/L, caused a significant growth inhibition of this agricultural plant. At a nickel concentration in the medium above 3 mmol/L, the growth of sunflower stopped completely. Histidine, introduced together with Ni2+, caused a decrease in the toxicity of this metal for the root system, in some cases shifting by single-order nickel concentrations, causing the same effect. Nickel treatment caused a significant increase in the percentage of cells with programmed cell death symptoms, while histidine inhibited the development of these symptoms. Thus, the concentration dependences of nickel and nickel-histidine complexes effects on root growth and the processes of programmed cell death in the sunflower root were first demonstrated.

Effect of Pore Size and Nickel Content of Ni-MCM-41 on Catalytic Activity for Ethene Dimerization and Local Structures of Nickel Ions

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (9) ◽  
pp. 5664-5672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Tanaka ◽  
Atsushi Itadani ◽  
Yasushige Kuroda ◽  
Masakazu Iwamoto
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Local Structures ◽  
Mcm 41

Jack bean urease (EC 3.5.1.5). I. A simple dry ashing procedure for the microdetermination of trace metals in proteins. The nickel content of urease

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas E. Dixon ◽  
Robert L. Blakeley ◽  
Burt Zerner
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Content ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Jack Bean Urease ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Determination Of Nickel ◽  
Dry Ashing ◽  
Soluble Species ◽  
Inexpensive Procedure

A simple and inexpensive procedure for determination of microgram quantities of metal ions in proteins is described and tested with nickel and iron. The method involves (a) dry ashing in an oxygen atmosphere at 450–460 °C in Pyrex vessels, (b) conversion of the metal oxides or other compounds to readily soluble species, and (c) spectrophotometric analysis. An improved procedure for the direct spectrophotometric determination of nickel using dimethylglyoxime is accurate to ± 2% or better with samples of 1–5 μg of nickel. These techniques were used to determine that the nickel content of freshly prepared jack bean urease is 2.00 ± 0.12 g-at./96 600 g protein. This corresponds to 2.0 nickel ions per subunit. This result was confirmed by atomic absorption analysis, which also showed that calcium, manganese, cobalt, and iron are not present in significant amounts in urease.

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