scholarly journals Investigation of the relationship between organic matter and uranium deposits

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schmidt-Collerus
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Uranium Deposits ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Fractionation of Heavy Metals in Multi-Contaminated Soil Treated with Biochar Using the Sequential Extraction Procedure

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Mahrous Awad ◽  
Zhongzhen Liu ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Eldessoky S. Dessoky ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Heavy metals (HMs) toxicity represents a global problem depending on the soil environment’s geochemical forms. Biochar addition safely reduces HMs mobile forms, thus, reducing their toxicity to plants. While several studies have shown that biochar could significantly stabilize HMs in contaminated soils, the study of the relationship of soil properties to potential mechanisms still needs further clarification; hence the importance of assessing a naturally contaminated soil amended, in this case with Paulownia biochar (PB) and Bamboo biochar (BB) to fractionate Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu using short sequential fractionation plans. The relationship of soil pH and organic matter and its effect on the redistribution of these metals were estimated. The results indicated that the acid-soluble metals decreased while the fraction bound to organic matter increased compared to untreated pots. The increase in the organic matter metal-bound was mostly at the expense of the decrease in the acid extractable and Fe/Mn bound ones. The highest application of PB increased the organically bound fraction of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu (62, 61, 34, and 61%, respectively), while the BB increased them (61, 49, 42, and 22%, respectively) over the control. Meanwhile, Fe/Mn oxides bound represents the large portion associated with zinc and copper. Concerning soil organic matter (SOM) and soil pH, as potential tools to reduce the risk of the target metals, a significant positive correlation was observed with acid-soluble extractable metal, while a negative correlation was obtained with organic matter-bound metal. The principal component analysis (PCA) shows that the total variance represents 89.7% for the TCPL-extractable and HMs forms and their relation to pH and SOM, which confirms the positive effect of the pH and SOM under PB and BB treatments on reducing the risk of the studied metals. The mobility and bioavailability of these metals and their geochemical forms widely varied according to pH, soil organic matter, biochar types, and application rates. As an environmentally friendly and economical material, biochar emphasizes its importance as a tool that makes the soil more suitable for safe cultivation in the short term and its long-term sustainability. This study proves that it reduces the mobility of HMs, their environmental risks and contributes to food safety. It also confirms that performing more controlled experiments, such as a pot, is a disciplined and effective way to assess the suitability of different types of biochar as soil modifications to restore HMs contaminated soil via controlling the mobilization of these minerals.

The use of faecal nitrogen as an index for estimating the consumption of herbage by grazing animals

1963 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Arnold ◽  
M. L. Dudzinski
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Regression Relations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Data from thirty-five digestibility trials with sheep in metabolism cages were used to investigate statistically the relationships between organic matter intake (I), faecal organic matter output (F), and the nitrogen concentration in faecal organic matter (N).The data fell easily into groups due to botanical or seasonal differences in the feed. These groups of data were homogeneous and provided highly significant linear equations of the forms I = bF + cFN and I = a + cFN. When compared these groups of data sometimes showed differences in slope, position or both. A quadratic expressionI = bF + cFN + dFN2was found to accommodate a majority of the data but to be less precise than I = a + cFN.A further expression incorporating N as an independent variable was also examined,I = a + cFN2 + eN.This expression, although far from being universally adequate, proved to be generally better than existing formulae. When applied to the data of Greenhalgh et. al. (1960), it substantially reduced heterogeneity between data for spring and data for summer pastures.Causes of variation in the relationship between organic-matter intake and nitrogen in faeces, and some of the hazards of extrapolation from empirical regression relations, are discussed.

The Relationship between Jurassic Coal Measures and Sandstone-type Uranium Deposits in the Northeastern Ordos Basin, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 2117-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangquan JIAO ◽  
Liqun WU ◽  
Hui RONG ◽  
Yunbiao PENG ◽  
Aisheng MIAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ordos Basin ◽  
Uranium Deposits ◽  
Jurassic Coal ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Uranium deposits of Franceville basin (Gabon): Role of organic matter and oil cracking on uranium mineralization

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 103579
Author(s):  
Andreï Lecomte ◽  
Raymond Michels ◽  
Michel Cathelineau ◽  
Christophe Morlot ◽  
Marc Brouand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Uranium Mineralization ◽  
Uranium Deposits ◽  
Oil Cracking

scholarly journals In vitro estimation of rumen fermentable organic matter using enzymes

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Cone ◽  
A.H. Van Gelder ◽  
A.M. Van Vuuren
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
In Situ Method ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Similar Accuracy ◽  
The Relationship

The amount of rumen fermentable organic matter (FOM) can be calculated using tables, taking into account the amount of digestible organic matter, the content of fat and fermentation products, and the amount of starch and protein escaping rumen fermentation, or FOM can be calculated using in situ incubations. An in vitro method is described to predict FOM using amylase and other carbohydrate degrading enzymes. FOM estimated by the enzymic method showed a moderate correlation (Rsuperscript 2 = 0.71) with FOM estimated by the in situ method. The relationship could be improved by separating the high crude fibre samples (Rsuperscript 2 = 0.88) from the other samples (Rsuperscript 2 = 0.77). Because degradation rates with the enzymic method were high compared with the assumed rumen passage rates, it proved that FOM could be predicted with a similar accuracy (Rsuperscript 2 = 0.76 - 0.80) by the undegraded fraction after 24 h.

scholarly journals Abundance and diversity of soil arthropods and fungi in shelterbelts integrated with pastures in the central tablelands of New South Wales, Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 560-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.W. Mbuthia ◽  
J.H. Shariff ◽  
A. Raman ◽  
D.S. Hodgkins ◽  
H.I. Nicol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Soil Arthropods ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
The Relationship

Shelterbelts are important for the sustainability of agriculture because they provide a variety of benefits to farmers and the society. Several published papers demonstrate that integration of shelterbelts with agroecosystems offers positive outcomes, such as better yield, more congenial microclimate, and greater organic matter levels. Nonetheless, soil biological diversity, the driver of greater organic matter levels, has not been convincingly tested and verified yet. In addressing this gap, we measured abundance and diversity of populations of arthropods and fungi in three<br />11-year old shelterbelts integrated with pasture to determine whether a correlation exists between the abundance of and diversity in populations of arthropods and fungi in two seasons: late autumn-early winter (May&ndash;June 2011) and late winter-early spring (August&ndash;September 2011). Litter from the soil surface and soil from two depths were sampled at increasing distance from the midpoint of shelterbelts for the extraction of arthropods and isolation culturing of fungi. The relationship among distance, depth and biodiversity of different groups of arthropods and fungi was analysed using linear regression. We found that over both seasons arthropod abundance in the litter and soil declined with increasing distance from the midpoint of the shelterbelts, and with soil depth. However, fungi abundance in either season was not affected by proximity to the shelterbelt but increased with greater soil depth. Distance from the shelterbelt midpoints did not bear an impact on the diversity richness of both arthropods and fungi.

Occurrence and distribution of vermiform plant-parasitic nematodes and the relationship with soil factors in field pea (Pisum sativum) in North Dakota, USA

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Upadhaya ◽  
Guiping Yan ◽  
Julie Pasche ◽  
Audrey Kalil
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Soil Factors ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nematode Abundance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Summary Plant-parasitic nematodes restrict crop growth and cause yield loss in field pea (dry edible pea). A 4-year survey of commercial pea fields was conducted in North Dakota, one of the leading producers of field pea in the USA, to investigate nematode distribution, prevalence, abundance and association with soil properties. Beginning in 2014, a total of 243 soil samples were collected from 16 counties, and soil properties of 115 samples were analysed to determine the association of nematodes with soil factors (texture, organic matter, nutrients). The plant-parasitic nematode genera, Paratylenchus (absolute frequency = 58-100%; mean density = 470-1550 (200 g soil)−1; greatest density = 7114 (200 g soil)−1) and Tylenchorhynchus (30-80%; 61-261; 1980, respectively), were the most frequent and widely distributed. Pratylenchus and Helicotylenchus were identified in one-third of the counties surveyed with mean densities ranging from 43 to 224 and 36 to 206 (200 g soil)−1, respectively. Xiphinema was found relatively frequently but at low densities. Hoplolaimus and Paratrichodorus were rarely detected at lower densities. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that soil factors explained 19% of the total variance of nematode genera abundance. The relationship between nematode abundance and soil sand content and pH was significant, while clay, silt, organic matter and nutrients were not significantly related to nematode abundance. This is the first multi-year study investigating nematodes associated with field peas and their relationship with soil factors in a major field pea production region of the USA.

scholarly journals Sandstone-Hosted Uranium Deposits as a Possible Source for Critical Elements: The Eureka Mine Case, Castell-Estaó, Catalonia

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montgarri Castillo-Oliver ◽  
Joan Carles Melgarejo ◽  
Lisard Torró ◽  
Cristina Villanova-de-Benavent ◽  
Marc Campeny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Black Shales ◽  
Hydrothermal Fluids ◽  
Uranium Deposits ◽  
Critical Metals ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
By Products ◽  
Red Bed

The Eureka deposit in Castell-estaó in the Catalan Pyrenees is a Cu–U–V deposit, hosted by Triassic red-bed sandstones, and classified here as a low-temperature, sandstone-hosted stratabound metamorphite U deposit. The main mineralisation is stratabound, related to coal-bearing units and produced during the Alpine deformation by migration of hydrothermal fluids. In this stage, the original sedimentary and diagenetic components (quartz and calcite, micas, hematite and locally apatite) were replaced by a complex sequence of roscoelite, fine-grained REE phosphates, sulphides and Ni–Co arsenides and sulpharsenides, Ag–Pb selenides, bismuth phases, sulphosalts and uraninite. The black shales of the Silurian sediments underlying the deposit and the nearby Carboniferous volcanoclastic rocks are interpreted as the source of the redox-sensitive elements concentrated in Eureka. The sulphur source is related to leaching of the evaporitic Keuper facies. The REE transport would be facilitated by SO4-rich solutions. The reduction of these solutions by interaction with organic matter resulted in the widespread precipitation of REE and redox-sensitive elements, including many critical metals (V, Bi, Sb, Co), whereas barite precipitated in the oxidized domains. The occurrence of similar enrichments in critical elements can be expected in other similar large uranium deposits, which could be a source of these elements as by-products.

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