scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS TO SIMULATE THE THERMAL ENVIRONMENT AND FUEL REGION IN NUCLEAR LIGHT BULB REACTORS USING AN R-F RADIANT ENERGY SOURCE.

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.C. Roman ◽  
J.F. Jaminet
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Light Bulb

Surface Temperature Profiles Due to Radiant Heating in a Thermocapillary Channel Flow

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Epstein ◽  
J. P. Burelbach ◽  
M. G. Plys
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Channel Flow ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Radiant Heating ◽  
Conduction Model ◽  
Nonlinear Conduction

Experiments were conducted to determine the temperature distribution at the surface of a thermocapillary channel flow generated by heating a shallow liquid layer locally from above with a radiant energy source. The measured temperature profiles are explained by an available nonlinear conduction model that incorporates the combined effects of thermocapillary and thermogravitational convection in shallow liquid layers.

scholarly journals IX. Experimental investigations on the effective temperature of the Sun, made at Daramona, Streete, Co. Westmeath

1894 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 361-396 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Temperature ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Uniform Temperature ◽  
Emissive Power

The expression “effective temperature of the sun” has by this time obtained a well-defined meaning, and may be taken (as stated by Violle and other physicists) to be that uniform temperature which the sun would have to possess if it had an emissive power equal to unity, at the same time giving out the same amount of radiant energy as at present. The older estimates of this quantity were little more than guesses, and varied between 1500° C. and 3 to 5, 000, 000° C., or more.

scholarly journals Influence of Thermal Design performance of Envelope structure on Indoor Thermal Environment in Dry-Hot and Dry-Cold areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 05009
Author(s):  
Chen Jie ◽  
Luo Zhixing ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Different Seasons

Thermal performance is considered to be a key measure in building sustainability. One of the technologies used in the current building sustainable design is the high thermal mass techniques. The application of this type of technology is widely used in traditional architecture. The paper aims at studying the effect of both high thermal insulation and high thermal mass techniques in buildings dynamic behaviour in Dry-Hot and Dry-Cold Climate. The two techniques can lead to conflicting requirements when considering winter and summer conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to identify insulation measures that conserve the mass dynamic behavior. Experimental investigations were carried out on a single - family house to characterize the behavior of one room with high thermal mass in different seasons. Thermal simulations made it possible to explore different retrofit configurations. Different thermal mass and thermal insulation were compared on internal surface temperature. The analysis shows that the most suitable intervention is both high thermal insulation and high thermal mass techniques, and the decrease of the absorption coefficient of the outer surface is beneficial to improve the overall level of solar radiation.

scholarly journals Modification of Human-Biometeorologically Significant Radiant Flux Densities by Shading as Local Method to Mitigate Heat Stress in Summer within Urban Street Canyons

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjung Lee ◽  
Jutta Holst ◽  
Helmut Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Radiant Flux ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Human Biometeorology ◽  
Central European ◽  
Shading Devices

Increasing heat will be a significant problem for Central European cities in the future. Shading devices are discussed as a method to mitigate heat stress on citizens. To analyze the physical processes, which are characteristic of shading in terms of urban human-biometeorology, experimental investigations on the thermal effects of shading by a building and shading by tree canopies were conducted in Freiburg (Southwest Germany) during typical Central European summer weather. Urban human-biometeorology stands for the variables air temperatureTa, mean radiant temperatureTmrt, and physiologically equivalent temperature PET, that is the human-biometeorological concept to assess the thermal environment which was applied. The measuring setup consists of specific human-biometeorological stations, which enable the direct or indirect determination ofTa,Tmrt, and PET. With respect to both shading devices, theTareduction did not exceed 2°C, while PET as a measure for human heat stress was lowered by two thermal sensation steps according to the ASHRAE scale. AsTmrthas the role of a key variable for outdoor thermal comfort during Central European summer weather, all radiant flux densities relevant to the determination ofTmrtwere directly measured and analyzed in detail. The results show the crucial significance of the horizontal radiant flux densities forTmrtand consequently PET.

Acute Erythrocyte Destruction in Severe Thermal Injury

1955 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Jones ◽  
E. L. Alpen ◽  
A. K. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Destruction ◽  
Exposed Skin ◽  
Heat Effects ◽  
Made In

Measurements of the acute post burn erythrocyte deficit have been made in the rat by means of Fe59-labeled red cells. The burns used were moderate to severe flash burns ranging from 8 cal/cm2 (minimal third degree) to 16 cal/cm2 (severe third degree). Destruction of red cells ranges from 8% at 8 cal/cm2 to 25% at 16 cal/cm2. These burns are equivalent to those that might be expected to occur in exposed skin as the result of a nuclear detonation. Increasing duration of exposure to the radiant energy source did not affect the extent of red cell destruction. Increasing burn area from 15% to 22% did not affect the red cell deficit. The extent of red cell destruction is greater than that reported for thermal burns of a contact nature. The reasons for this difference have been discussed. It has also been shown that an additional small deficit in red cell volume in excess of that caused by direct heat effects on cells can be expected as the result of a continuing hemolytic process.

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