Subnanometer Spatial Resolution Chemical Imaging

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Chemical Imaging

Generalized Heterodyne Configurations for Photo-induced Force Microscopy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Wang ◽  
Devon Jakob ◽  
Haomin Wang ◽  
Alexis Apostolos ◽  
Marcos M. Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Modulation Frequency ◽  
High Harmonic ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Heterodyne Detection ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Afm Cantilever

<div>Infrared chemical microscopy through mechanical probing of light-matter interactions by atomic force microscopy (AFM) bypasses the diffraction limit. One increasingly popular technique is photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM), which utilizes the mechanical heterodyne signal detection between cantilever mechanical resonant oscillations and the photo induced force from light-matter interaction. So far, photo induced force microscopy has been operated in only one heterodyne configuration. In this article, we generalize heterodyne configurations of photoinduced force microscopy by introducing two new schemes: harmonic heterodyne detection and sequential heterodyne detection. In harmonic heterodyne detection, the laser repetition rate matches integer fractions of the difference between the two mechanical resonant modes of the AFM cantilever. The high harmonic of the beating from the photothermal expansion mixes with the AFM cantilever oscillation to provide PiFM signal. In sequential heterodyne detection, the combination of the repetition rate of laser pulses and polarization modulation frequency matches the difference between two AFM mechanical modes, leading to detectable PiFM signals. These two generalized heterodyne configurations for photo induced force microscopy deliver new avenues for chemical imaging and broadband spectroscopy at ~10 nm spatial resolution. They are suitable for a wide range of heterogeneous materials across various disciplines: from structured polymer film, polaritonic boron nitride materials, to isolated bacterial peptidoglycan cell walls. The generalized heterodyne configurations introduce flexibility for the implementation of PiFM and related tapping mode AFM-IR, and provide possibilities for additional modulation channel in PiFM for targeted signal extraction with nanoscale spatial resolution.</div>

scholarly journals Advances and Perspectives in Chemical Imaging in Cellular Environments Using Electrochemical Methods

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Lazenby ◽  
Ryan J. White
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Electrochemical Methods ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Multiple Frame

This review discusses a broad range of recent advances (2013-2017) of chemical imaging using electrochemical methods, with a particular focus on techniques that have been applied to study cellular processes, or techniques that show promise for use in this field in the future. Non-scanning techniques such as microelectrode arrays (MEAs) offer high time-resolution (&lt; 10 ms) imaging, however at reduced spatial resolution. In contrast, scanning electrochemical probe microscopies (SEPMs) offer higher spatial resolution (as low as a few nm per pixel) imaging, with images collected typically over many minutes. Recent significant research efforts to improve the spatial resolution of SEPMs using nanoscale probes, and to improve the temporal resolution using fast scanning have resulted in movie (multiple frame) imaging with frame rates as low as a few seconds per image. Many SEPM techniques lack chemical specificity or have poor selectivity (defined by the choice of applied potential for redox-active species). This can be improved using multifunctional probes, ion-selective electrodes and tip-integrated biosensors, although additional effort may be required to preserve sensor performance after miniaturization of these probes. We discuss advances to the field of electrochemical imaging, and technological developments which are anticipated to extend the range of processes that can be studied. This includes imaging cellular processes with increased sensor selectivity and at much improved spatiotemporal resolution than has been previously customary.

scholarly journals Multi-beam Synchrotron FTIR Chemical Imaging: Impacts of Schwarzschild Objective and Spatial Oversampling on Spatial Resolution

2013 ◽  
Vol 425 (14) ◽  
pp. 142001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C Mattson ◽  
Miriam Unger ◽  
Binod Manandhar ◽  
Zahrasadat Alavi ◽  
Carol J Hirschmugl
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Chemical Imaging

Nanoscale chemical imaging of solid–liquid interfaces using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Nanoscale ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1815-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Kumar ◽  
Weitao Su ◽  
Martin Veselý ◽  
Bert M. Weckhuysen ◽  
Andrew J. Pollard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Liquid Interfaces ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Immersed Surfaces ◽  
Nanoscale Chemical Imaging ◽  
Tip Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Solid Liquid

New approach to TERS probe coating enables chemical imaging of liquid-immersed surfaces with nanoscale spatial resolution.

scholarly journals Restraining the Diffusion of Photocarriers to Improve the Spatial Resolution of the Chemical Imaging Sensor

Proceedings ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko-ichiro Miyamoto ◽  
Takeyuki Suto ◽  
Carl Frederik Werner ◽  
Torsten Wagner ◽  
Michael J. Schöning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Imaging Sensor

Applications of AFM-IR—Diverse Chemical Composition Analyses at Nanoscale Spatial Resolution

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis Marcott ◽  
Michael Lo ◽  
Kevin Kjoller ◽  
Craig Prater ◽  
David P. Gerrard
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Microspectroscopy

The combination of infrared (IR) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) has produced a technique, called AFM-IR, which is becoming one of the most important recent developments in the field of IR spectroscopy and chemical imaging. Conventional Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy is well established as a technique for chemical characterization of small samples down to the 3–10 mm size range. This diffraction-imposed size limit has prevented the application of FT-IR microspectroscopy to smaller analysis regions that are relevant to analysis problems in polymer materials and the life sciences. The nanoIR™ instrument (Anasys Instruments, Santa Barbara, CA) described here uses an AFM probe as the IR absorbance sensor and hence breaks through the diffraction limit to attain spatial resolution improvements of between one and two orders of magnitude beyond previous techniques. Thus, the AFM-IR concept provides chemical information from nanoscale regions of polymers and other organic materials. This article describes the physics behind the technique, followed by results from several applications.

Infrared chemical imaging: Spatial resolution evaluation and super-resolution concept

2010 ◽  
Vol 674 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Offroy ◽  
Yves Roggo ◽  
Peyman Milanfar ◽  
Ludovic Duponchel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Chemical Imaging

Application of Thin-Film Amorphous Silicon to Chemical Imaging

2006 ◽  
Vol 910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Yoshinobu ◽  
Werner Moritz ◽  
Friedhelm Finger ◽  
Michael J. Schoening
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Semiconductor Material ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Sensing Properties ◽  
Imaging Sensor

AbstractA thin-film amorphous silicon (a-Si) deposited on a glass substrate was employed as a semiconductor material for the chemical imaging sensor, which can visualize the distribution of ion concentration in a solution. The sensing properties and the spatial resolution of the a-Si sensors were investigated. Nearly-Nernstian pH sensitivities and submicron resolution were demonstrated, which suggests the superior performance of the chemical imaging sensor based on thin-film a-Si.

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