scholarly journals Advanced Natural Gas Reciprocating Engines(s)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Zurlo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Reciprocating Engines

Economic Optimization of a Distributed Generation System for an Orifice Building

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Douglas ◽  
Michael K. Sahm ◽  
William J. Wepfer
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Reciprocating Engines ◽  
Natural Gas Prices ◽  
Electrical Generation ◽  
Selection Of

Methodologies have been developed to aid in selection of a candidate distributed generation system for use in meeting a building's electrical demand. The systems studied are comprised of a combination of microturbines and/or natural gas reciprocating engines. These systems could also be used as prime movers in a combined heat and power application. Economic optimizations have been performed in order to identify distributed generation/prime mover combinations and operating strategies that yield the lowest electrical generation cost. These optimizations take into account a finite set of operating scenarios and equipment combinations. In addition to the economic optimizations, a direct comparison of customer design considerations has been made, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of both microturbines and reciprocating engines. In this study, the optimal system for a 9290 m2 (100,000 ft2) office building in New York City at today's natural gas prices was determined to be a combination of natural gas reciprocating engines and microturbines. This system yielded a 5% reduction in generation costs over other cases examined including all homogeneous composition systems. With an increase in natural gas prices, the optimal case changes to be comprised solely of natural gas reciprocating engines. It has been shown that many factors are important to selection of optimal equipment including the specific end use load profile, cost of fuel, and system operating strategy.

scholarly journals LOW-ENGINE-FRICTION TECHNOLOGY FOR ADVANCED NATURAL-GAS RECIPROCATING ENGINES

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Wong ◽  
Tian Tian ◽  
Luke Moughon ◽  
Rosalind Takata ◽  
Jeffrey Jocsak
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Reciprocating Engines ◽  
Engine Friction

scholarly journals LOW-ENGINE-FRICTION TECHNOLOGY FOR ADVANCED NATURAL-GAS RECIPROCATING ENGINES

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Wong ◽  
Tian Tian ◽  
Luke Moughon ◽  
Rosalind Takata ◽  
Jeffrey Jocsak
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Reciprocating Engines ◽  
Engine Friction

Development of Advanced Laser Ignition System for Stationary Natural Gas Reciprocating Engines

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bipin Bihari ◽  
Sreenath B. Gupta ◽  
Raj R. Sekar ◽  
Jess Gingrich ◽  
Jack Smith
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Laser Ignition ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Discharge Ignition ◽  
Reciprocating Engines ◽  
Load Conditions

Laser ignition is considered the prime alternative to conventional coil based ignition for improving efficiency and simultaneously reducing NOx emissions in lean-burn natural gas fired stationary reciprocating engines. In this paper, Argonne’s efforts towards the development of a viable laser ignition system are presented. The relative merits of various implementation strategies for laser based ignition are discussed. Finally, the performance improvements required for some of the components for successful field implementation are listed. Also reported are efforts to determine the relative merit of laser ignition over conventional Capacitance Discharge Ignition (CDI) ignition. Emissions and performance data of a large-bore single cylinder research engine are compared while running with laser ignition and the industry standard CDI system. It was primarily noticed that NOx emissions reduce by 50% under full load conditions with up to 65% reductions noticed under part load conditions. Also, the lean ignition limit was significantly extended and laser ignition improved combustion stability under all operating conditions. Other noticeable differences in combustion characteristics are also presented. Efforts wherein ignition was achieved while transmitting the high-power laser pulses through optical fibers showed performance improvements similar those achieved by using free-space laser ignition.

Lean NOx Trap Catalysis for NOx Reduction in Natural Gas Engine Applications

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Parks ◽  
H. Douglas Ferguson ◽  
Aaron M. Williams ◽  
John M. E. Storey
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Lean Nox Trap ◽  
Nox Trap ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Natural Gas Engine ◽  
Reciprocating Engines ◽  
Lean Nox

Reliable power generation and distribution is a critical infrastructure for the public and industry. Large-bore spark-ignited natural gas reciprocating engines are a reliable source of power generation. Lean operation enables efficient operation, and engines can conveniently be placed wherever natural gas resources are located. However, stricter emission regulations may limit the installation and use of more natural gas reciprocating engines if emissions cannot be reduced. Natural gas engine emissions of concern are generally methane, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Methane and carbon monoxide can be controlled by oxidation catalysts; however NOx emissions are difficult to control in lean exhaust conditions. One method of reducing NOx in lean exhaust conditions is lean NOx trap catalysis. Lean NOx trap technologies (also known as NOx adsorber catalysts, NOx storage and reduction catalysts, etc.) have demonstrated >90% NOx reduction for diesel reciprocating engines and natural gas turbines. In the work presented here, the feasibility of a lean NOx trap catalyst for lean burn natural gas reciprocating engines will be studied. Tests were conducted on a Cummins 8.3-liter engine on a dynamometer. The lean Nox trap catalyst was controlled in a valved exhaust system that utilized natural gas as the catalyst reductant. Oxidation and reformer catalysts were used to enhance utilization of methane for catalyst regeneration. The feasibility of this approach will be discussed based on the observed NOx reduction and associated fuel penalties.

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