scholarly journals Preliminary parametric performance assessment of potential final waste forms for alpha low-level waste at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. Revision 1

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.H. Smith ◽  
M.E. Sussman ◽  
J. Myers ◽  
S.M. Djordjevic ◽  
T.A. DeBiase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Waste Forms

scholarly journals Long-term lysimeter field testing of low-level radioactive waste forms

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Jr. McConnell ◽  
R.D. Rogers ◽  
J.D. Jastrow ◽  
W.E. Sanford ◽  
T.M. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Low Level Radioactive Waste

scholarly journals Results after ten years of field testing low-level radioactive waste forms using lysimeters

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Jr. McConnell ◽  
R.D. Rogers ◽  
J.D. Jastrow ◽  
W.E. Sanford ◽  
S.R. Cline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Low Level Radioactive Waste

A Computer Program to Facilitate Performance Assessment of Underground Low-Level Waste Concrete Vaults

1995 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Snyder ◽  
J. R. Clifton ◽  
J. Pommersheim
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Transport Coefficients ◽  
Reinforcement Corrosion ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Empirical Relations ◽  
Synergistic Degradation

AbstractA computer program (4SIGHT) to facilitate performance assessment of underground concrete vaults for low level waste (LLW) disposal facilities is being developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Specifically, the program predicts the hydraulic conductivity and the service life of an underground concrete vault. The hydraulic conductivity estimate is based upon empirical relations. The service life is estimated from consideration of three major degradation processes: steel reinforcement corrosion, sulfate attack, and leaching. The performance prediction is based upon ion transport equations for both diffusion and advection. Most importantly, the computer program incorporates the synergistic degradation effects of all three processes, and their effect upon the transport coefficients.

Utilization of Radioactive Waste for Solidifying Material to Fill Waste Forms

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Ishikura ◽  
Daiichiro Oguri
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Filling Ratio ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Disposal Facility ◽  
Low Level Radioactive Waste

Abstract Minimizing the volume of radioactive waste generated during dismantling of nuclear power plants is a matter of great importance. In Japan waste forms buried in shallow burial disposal facility as low level radioactive waste (LLW) must be solidified by cement with adequate strength and must extend no harmful openings. The authors have developed an improved method to minimize radioactive waste volume by utilizing radioactive concrete and metal for mortar to fill openings in waste forms. Performance of a method to pre-place large sized metal or concrete waste and to fill mortar using small sized metal or concrete was tested. It was seen that the improved method substantially increases the filling ratio, thereby decreasing the numbers of waste containers.

Characterization of grouted low-level waste to support performance assessment

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 271-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Serne ◽  
R.O. Lokken ◽  
L.J. Criscenti
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Low Level

Leach Tests of Simulated Low-Level Transuranic Waste Forms Containing Transuranic Elements

1982 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Welch ◽  
Claude W. Sill ◽  
John E. Flinn
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Spectrometry ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Rocky Flats ◽  
Leach Rate ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Sludge Waste ◽  
Transuranic Waste

ABSTRACTSimulations of waste forms that might be produced by slagging pyrolysis incineration of low-level transuranic (TRU) wastes stored at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) have been fabricated containing the transuranic isotopes 237Np, 239pu, 24lAm, 244Cm at levels of approximately 1 μCi per gram of each.Leach tests were performed using frit and vitrified monolithic specimens of average INEL TRU waste, portland cement monoliths made with frit as aggregate, and vitrified monoliths of INEL soil and simulated Rocky Flats sludge. Static leach tests were performed at 90, 70, 40, and 25°C in deionized water for up to 364 days. Leachates were analyzed for the TRU elements by alpha spectrometry. The following generalizations can be made:1. Cemented frit and vitrified sludge waste forms produce leachates with the highest pHs (>11) and have the lowest TRU leach rates, 10−4 g/m2.d at 90°C.2. Neptunium has a higher leach rate than the other three TRU elements by as much as two orders of magnitude for all waste forms tested except cemented frit.3. Only the vitrified soil samples display a marked temperature dependence for leach rates of all four TRU elements.

Development of Methodology to Evaluate Microbially Influenced Degradation of Cement-Solidified Low-Level Radioactive Waste Forms

1993 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Rogers ◽  
M.A. Hamilton ◽  
R.H. Veeh ◽  
J.W. Mcconnell
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Nuclear Regulatory Commission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Simulated Waste ◽  
Low Level Radioactive Waste

ABSTRACTBecause of its apparent structural integrity, cement has been widely used in the United States as a binder to solidify Class B and C low-level radioactive waste (LLW). However, the resulting cement preparations are susceptible to failure due to the actions of stress and environment. An environmentally mediated process that could affect cement stability is the action of naturally occurring microorganisms. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), recognizing this eventuality, stated that the effects of microbial action on waste form integrity must be addressed.This paper provides present results from an ongoing program that addresses the effects of microbially influenced degradation (MID) on cement-solidified LLW. Data are provided on the development of an evaluation method using acid-producing bacteria. Results are from work with one type of these bacteria, the sulfur-oxidizing Thiobacillus. This work involved the use of a system in which laboratory- and vendor-manufactured, simulated waste forms were exposed on an intermittent basis to media containing thiobacilli. Testing demonstrated that MID has the potential to severely compromise the structural integrity of ion-exchange resin and evaporator-bottoms waste that is solidified with cement. In addition, it was found that a significant percentage of calcium and other elements were leached from the treated waste forms. Also, the surface pH of the treated specimens decreased to below 2. These conditions apparently contributed to the physical deterioration of simulated waste forms after 60 days of exposure to the thiobacilli.

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