scholarly journals Process Design of Wastewater Treatment for the NREL Cellulosic Ethanol Model

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Steinwinder ◽  
E Gill ◽  
M Gerhardt
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Cellulosic Ethanol

scholarly journals Energy Integration in Wastewater Treatment Plants by Anaerobic Digestion of Urban Waste: A Process Design and Simulation Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Vicentin ◽  
Fernando Fdz-Polanco ◽  
Maria Fdz-Polanco
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Integration

The process simulation performed in the present study aimed at investigating energetically self-sufficient wastewater treatment plant of 500,000 population equivalents. To implement this, three different scenarios were evaluated using computational tools named GPS-X® and SuperPro®. They were designed based on municipal wastes recovery to energy generation and its utilisation within the facility. An anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process for biological treatment of wastewater was considered and mesophilic anaerobic digestion at different scenarios (1) primary sludge (PS) with waste activated sludge (WAS), (2) PS with thermally hydrolysed WAS, and (3) PS with WAS and organic fractions derived from municipal solid waste. The results from scenario 1 and scenario 2 showed only enough thermal energy to meet their demand (they reach only 44 and 52% of electrical self-sufficiency, respectively), while positive net thermal and electrical energy result in scenario 3 from codigestion of sewage sludge and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. The main limitation of tools used is their lack of sensitivity to economies of scale and their dependence on real data used for process design to obtain more accurate results.

Sewage Wastewater Treatment Plant Inverted AAO Process Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 1079-1080 ◽  
pp. 480-483
Author(s):  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Main Task ◽  
The City

The graduation design topic for a sewage treatment plant processesdesign - inverted AAO process in durian. Main task is tantamount to designaccording to the requirement of the nature of the city sewage, sewage, scalepreliminary design to complete sewage treatment plant and single processing structure design.

scholarly journals Identification of polyphosphate accumulating bacteria from pilot- and full scale nutrient removal activated sludges

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Blaise William Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
System Response ◽  
Mixed Liquor ◽  
Microbial Species ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Systems ◽  
P Removal

General removal of phosphorus (P) from wastewater was introduced in Scandanavia in the late 1960's. At that time it was believed that P alone was limiting to algal growth and that the sole removal of P would solve the problem of eutrophication. However, we now know that both P and nitrogen (N) contribute to this deleterious effect and as such, much research has been conducted concerned with both the biological and chemical removal of these nutrients from sewage effluents. Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR), which is basically the biological accumulation of soluble P (as polyphosphate or poly-P) from the bulk liquid in excess of normal metabolic requirements, still tends to be sensitive to many external parameters and, as such, is subject to fluctuations. This makes it extremely difficult for wastewater treatment installations to achieve and maintain full compliance with strict discharge regulations. A more comprehensive understanding of the microbial community within the mixed liquor of a wastewater treatment system is therefore required which will ultimately assist in improving system design and performance. Chemical and civil engineers, when designing biological wastewater treatment systems, consider only the processes (biological or chemical) taking place within the reactor/s with little or no regard for the individual microbial species or the entire microbial community involved. Process design appears to be tackled empirically from a 'black box' approach; biological reactions or processes occurring within a system such as wastewater treatment are all lumped together and attributed to a single surrogate organism ie., the response of the surrogate to certain stimuli accounts for the total system response. This is similar to an analogy which Professor George Ekama (Dept of Civil Engineering, UCT), a leading scientist in wastewater treatment and process design, refers to where engineers, if, for example, are confronted with modelling the dynamics of carbon dioxide utilisation ofa forest, would recognise the accumulative system response and not give cognisance to each individual tree's contribution. It is true that if one had to consider every microbial species present in a highly organised community such as activated sludge, process models, designed to make quantitative and qualitative predictions as to the expected effluent quality from a particular design, would become increasingly complex and superfluous. It is evident from the countless accomplishments that engineers have succeeded, to a certain degree, in modelling wastewater treatment systems. One only has to consider the tremendous success of biological P (bio-P) removal and nitrification/denitrification processes at full-scale. However, there are limitations to this empirical approach and EBPR processes occasionally deteriorate in phosphate removal efficiency. In order to further optimise biological processes, whether they be organics oxidation, bio-P removal, nitrification or denitrification, biological community analyses will have to play a more significant role in design. The better microbial community structure and function is understood, the better the control and management of the system. With the advent of improved microbial identification and enumeration (to a certain extent) techniques (in situ), it was considered significant to investigate the mechanism ofbio-P removal and to elucidate which bacteria are actively responsible for this process. To this end, experimental work was conducted in two phases: \xAE laboratory, where samples of mixed liquor were obtained from a full-scale wastewater treatment facility exhibiting biological nutrient removal (BNR) characteristics and @ pilot plant, where an enhanced culture ofpolyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO's) was developed and probed using molecular identification and enumeration techniques (as well as a cultivation-dependent approach). During phase \xAE of experimentat

scholarly journals Biological Removal of Nutrients Using Hybrid Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindaraddi Bheemaraddi Meti
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Biological Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Wastewater Treatment System ◽  
The Impact

The economic opportunity and quality of human life depend upon the continued availability of a life-sustaining environment. Understanding how we and other organisms affect, and are affected by, our environment is an important first step toward maintaining a sustainable future. As environmental engineers, we have to deal with natural systems and also expand our conceptualization of environmental engineering to include societal, legal and financial aspects. Water, by its very nature, is vital for the survival of life on the earth. If today, the struggle amongst the nations is for the resources such as oil, a survey of the United Nations suggests that in the future, it will be a struggle for drinking water. This shows how much importance we have to pay to the water and water quality to assure our future generation of a life-sustainable environment to live upon. As industrialization and population growth continues, the problem of eutrophication, which is the accelerated ageing of lakes and estuaries, etc., due to excess plant and algal growth has been and going to be witnessed all over the world. This is the result of discharges of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus to these water bodies. Hence, environmental engineers are working hard in designing the wastewater treatment system that could remove these pollutants in an efficient and cost effective way. The components in wastewater treatment processes may be conveniently categorized as physical, chemical and biological operations, but understanding the principles governing their behaviour is a prerequisite for successful process design. Biological wastewater treatment has seen a significant growth in the last 25 years. Particular occurrence was recognition of the many events that can happen simultaneously in biological processes and the role that the design engineer has in determining which predominates. The impact on process design of this recognition demanded that the present and future environmental engineers begin to think in multiple events rather than compartmentalizing them. These necessitate the need for better understanding of microbiology and reactor engineering to achieve the improved results in biological wastewater treatment. In the part of literature review, emphasis has been made to understand the nature of biochemical operations, kinetics, stoichiometry and some conflicts of the major reactions occurring in different environments and design processes. However, the important aspect of understanding and appreciating the complex interactions occurring among the micro-organisms that form the ecosystems in the biological process operations has been discussed in length in the section recent research part. Some conflicts have arisen in a single biological wastewater treatment system that simultaneously removes nitrogen and phosphorus. Therefore, resolving these conflicts and enhancing the process performance are the primary goal of this project work. An effort has been made to modify the process design and combine continuous stirred tank reactor and rotating biological contactors to overcome these conflicts. The combined hybrid system will provide two kinds bacteria population: suspended activated sludge bacteria and biofilm bacteria. Together, these can improve the efficiency of simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from the municipal wastewater.

scholarly journals A Feasible Data-Driven Mining System to Optimize Wastewater Treatment Process Design and Operation

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Qiu ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
Xia Huang ◽  
Hanchang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Process Design ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Mining System ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Data Mining System

Achieving low costs and high efficiency in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a common challenge in developing countries, although many optimizing tools on process design and operation have been well established. A data-driven optimal strategy without the prerequisite of expensive instruments and skilled engineers is thus attractive in practice. In this study, a data mining system was implemented to optimize the process design and operation in WWTPs in China, following an integral procedure including data collection and cleaning, data warehouse, data mining, and web user interface. A data warehouse was demonstrated and analyzed using one-year process data in 30 WWTPs in China. Six sludge removal loading rates on water quality indices, such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorous (TP), were calculated as derived parameters and organized into fact sheets. A searching algorithm was programmed to find out the five records most similar to the target scenario. A web interface was developed for users to input scenarios, view outputs, and update the database. Two case WWTPs were investigated to verify the data mining system. The results indicated that effluent quality of Case-1 WWTP was improved to meet the discharging criteria through optimal operations, and the process design of Case-2 WWTP could be refined in a feedback loop. A discussion on the gaps, potential, and challenges of data mining in practice was provided. The data mining system in this study is a good candidate for engineers to understand and control their processes in WWTPs.

Process design of high-concentration benzimidazole wastewater treatment based on the molecular structure of contaminants

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenru Li ◽  
Kun Qian ◽  
Qinyao Liu ◽  
Qianyi Zhang ◽  
Chen Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Process Design ◽  
High Concentration

Integration of Chlorella protothecoides production in wastewater treatment plant: From lab measurements to process design

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Sforza ◽  
Elia Armandina Ramos-Tercero ◽  
Barbara Gris ◽  
Francesco Bettin ◽  
Andrea Milani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chlorella Protothecoides
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