scholarly journals Fast shutter for low background radiation environments at SPR III

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Kelly ◽  
K. Sites ◽  
W. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Low Background

scholarly journals Low Background Liquid Scintillation Counting Using an Active Sample Holder and Pulse Discrimination Electronics

Radiocarbon ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 332-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E Noakes ◽  
Robert J Valenta
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Liquid Scintillation Counting ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Scintillation Counting ◽  
Sample Holder ◽  
Counting System ◽  
Low Background ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Beta Counting

A Packard low-level liquid scintillation counting system is described which provides superior low-background beta-counting capability for3H and14C. The design is based on a novel pulse-discrimination circuit that separates background from valid scintillation pulses. Background discrimination is further enhanced by adding a plastic vial holder that acts as an anticoincidence guard. When excited by background radiation, the scintillation properties of the plastic provide an increased burst of photons to the detection electronics, which discriminate based on the number of component pulses in the burst. Experimental data demonstrate the low-level counting capabilities of this counter.

A shallow underground laboratory for low-background radiation measurements and materials development

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 113503 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Aalseth ◽  
R. M. Bonicalzi ◽  
M. G. Cantaloub ◽  
A. R. Day ◽  
L. E. Erikson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Underground Laboratory ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Low Background ◽  
Radiation Measurements ◽  
Shallow Underground Laboratory

scholarly journals Low-Background Shielding Box for Autoradiography of Environmental Samples and the α-, β-, and γ-ray Sensitivities of the Imaging Plates

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 5209
Author(s):  
Shizuma ◽  
Oba
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Imaging Plate ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Low Background ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Imaging Plates

Autoradiography using imaging plates is a conventional method for the visualization of the distribution of radionuclides. Imaging plates have high sensitivity to the charged particles of α- and β-rays but are also sensitive to γ-rays. When the radioactivity level in the sample is low, a longer exposure time is needed, and shielding of the natural background radiation is necessary. Large imaging plates (e.g., 35 × 40 cm), which can obtain the radioactivity distribution over a wider area, were developed. In this work, a low-background shielding box is developed for large imaging plates, and the shielding characteristics of the box and sensitivities of the imaging plate to α-, β-, and γ-rays are quantitatively investigated. It is shown, by considering the sensitivity of imaging plates to α-, β-, and γ-rays, that most images of environmental samples are the result of α- or β-rays emitted from radionuclides at the sample surface, but not from the whole sample. To exemplify autoradiography using the presented shielding box, some environmental samples contaminated with radioactive fallout from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident are measured. The distribution of radionuclides is clearly visualized and, furthermore, information of the migration of radiocesium in the sample is obtained.

The density-dependency of dark- and low-background radiation effects on water and water solution properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naira Baghdasaryan ◽  
Yerazik Mikayelyan ◽  
Sedrak Barseghyan ◽  
Erna Dadasyan ◽  
Sinerik Ayrapetyan
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Solution Properties ◽  
Low Background ◽  
Density Dependency

MEGA: a low-background radiation detector

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1029-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kazkaz ◽  
C.E. Aalseth ◽  
T.W. Hossbach ◽  
V.M. Gehman ◽  
J.D. Kephart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
Low Background

Anti-genotoxic potential of casein phosphopeptides (CPPs): a class of fermented milk peptides against low background radiation and prevention of cancer in radiation workers

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 867-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Balaji Raja ◽  
Kantha D Arunachalam
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Catla Catla ◽  
Occupational Hazard ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Low Background ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptides ◽  
Radiation Workers

Background: Radiation workers are constantly exposed to low background radiation which is their occupational hazard. This continuous and prolonged exposure produces genotoxicity and cancerous condition in many workers. The authors have tested casein phosphopeptides (CPP) as a radioprotectant against low background radiation using animal models. Methods: Fermented milk was produced by addition of a bacterial culture, Lactobacillus acidophilus to a commercially available milk brand. After the fermentation process is completed in the milk, CPP is isolated from fermented milk by enzymatic hydrolysis-based method. The radioprotective role of CPP was proved using albino mice and Catla catla fish. Results: The micronucleus assay showed higher level of cell deformation and micronucleus formation in the control animal cells than the test animal cells. CPP has found to be having radioprotective activity potential. Conclusions: This radioprotective potential of CPP can be harnessed to produce formulations which can be used by radiation workers and personnel exposed to low ionization background as an occupational hazard, thus reducing the risk and preventing any type of cancer.

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