scholarly journals Supporting synergism: Enhancing Federal, State and private sector collaboration in renewable energy and energy efficiency. Second annual report of the State Energy Advisory Board, December 1993

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
State Energy ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Advisory Board ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal State

Emission Allowances for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Projects

Solar Energy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Schiller ◽  
Ellen Franconi ◽  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Edgar Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Federal State ◽  
International Programs ◽  
Measurement And Verification ◽  
Allowance Trading ◽  
Trading Program

Allowance trading programs represent an opportunity for the renewable and energy-efficiency industry to capitalize on the environmental benefits associated with their projects. By reducing or preventing emissions, renewable and energy-efficiency projects may qualify for emission allowances that can help sponsors justify their projects. Several federal, state, and international programs are venues for emissions documentation and trading. One program, an energy efficiency/renewable energy set-aside program, is described in this paper. A crucial element of an allowance trading program is the documentation and verification, or evaluation, of actual emission reductions. Thus, this paper also reviews the evaluation process that has been developed for an energy-efficiency and renewable-energy set-aside program and puts the process in context with methods outlined in the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP).

scholarly journals Legal Adaptation in the Context of the Impact of the Industrial Revolution on Business Activity and the Key Components of the Ecosystem

Legal Concept ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Agnessa Inshakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
The Russian Federation

The paper is an overview of the themes selected for the main topic of the issue, their relevance and the validity of the research conducted in the journal for the legislation and law enforcement practice in the context of the industrial revolution and the need for greening modern business. In addition, the author explains the editorial board’s choice of the main topic of the next issue of the legal journal of Volgograd State University “LegalConcept = Legal paradigm” under the title “The right to protect human health and an environmentally friendly business environment”. The objective need for the technology development of the intensive involvement of the potential of Russian environmental entrepreneurship in the industrial revolution processes is substantiated. The most important tasks are identified, which are addressed by the developments in the legal regulation of the digitalization processes of environmental entrepreneurship in Russia. The author lists a set of measures that, in the author’s opinion, are of primary importance for ensuring these processes. It is noted that the topic proposed for development is closely related to the formation of scientific and technological foundations that ensure the economic growth and social development of the Russian Federation. The state of scientific and technological progress achieved by modern society is manifested by the widespread use of digital technologies in various areas of production, business management, the provision of services in medicine, the banking sector, and the social sphere. It is proved that comfortable life, the security of the processes through qualitatively new regulatory approaches, the state security, including cybersecurity, overcoming the adverse effects due to natural disasters, as well as the introduction of biotechnology, entailing the appearance of unknown infectious diseases and viruses, preventing man-made disasters – these and many other goals and objectives can’t be achieved now or get a solution without the use of digital information technologies. It is also impossible to ignore the studies of the society and nature interaction, the cross-sectoral impact of modern technology in the field of renewable energy, the turnover of energy resources and energy efficiency improvement on the environment, the life and health of citizens, the public and state institutions designed to participate in the protection of the environment which corresponds to the solution of the specific objectives set in the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation. According to the author, the studies of the dynamics of interaction between the economic and legal institutions in the field of renewable energy development, the turnover of energy resources, and energy efficiency improvement will contribute to the expansion in renewable energy as one of the “green” sectors of the economy.

scholarly journals Legal regulation analysis of energy efficiency in the Republic of Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ilić-Petković ◽  
Jelena Malenović-Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mere Existence

Sustainable development, as a generally accepted concept of modern society, implies the protection of the environment as one of the basic goals. This goal is achieved, among other things, through the use of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency. The improvement of energy efficiency and application of renewable energy sources should be incorporated while preserving the economic interests of the state. In order to harmonize these interests, the state must introduce the policy in the field of energy, which will simultaneously take care of both the environment and the economy. Among the most important instruments of such a policy are legal regulations. The Republic of Serbia has an extensive and thoroughly structured system of regulations in the field of energy efficiency. The mere existence of regulations in this area is not enough. It is only a necessary precondition for their consistent application, as well as control of the application by inspection bodies.

COLLECTIVE BARGAINING DYNAMICS IN THE NIGERIAN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS

2011 ◽  
Vol 01 (05) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Anyim C. Francis ◽  
Elegbede Tunde ◽  
Mariam A. ◽  
Gbajumo Sheriff
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Wage Determination ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public

The objective of this paper is to examine the dynamics of collective bargaining machinery in both the public and private sectors in Nigeria; with a view to bringing to the fore the peculiarities associated with both sectors with regard to the practice of bargaining. To achieve this objective, the paper adopts a theoretical approach. The author observes that the practice of industrial relations as a discipline and that of collective bargaining in particular emanated from the private sector the world over. Thus, much of the practices of public sector collective bargaining are modelled after the private sector collective bargaining. However, in Nigeria, the obverse is the case as collective bargaining gained its root in the public sector owing to the near absence of private sector at the turn of the century. However, in Nigeria, the public sector pays lip-service to the collective bargaining machinery. Governments at all levels (Federal, State and Local) have continued to set aside collective bargaining and to give wage awards to score political points in spite of its commitment to the ILO Convention 98 to freely bargain with workers. The State or the government in the course of regulating wages and employment terms and conditions revert to the use of wage commissions. Thus, wage determination is by fiat. This preference for wage commissions can at best be regarded as a unilateral system as collective bargaining is relegated to the background.Wage tribunals or commissions offer little opportunity for workers’ contribution in the determination of terms and conditions of employment and can hardly be viewed as bilateral or tripartite. Thus, the State preference for wage commissions is anti-collective bargaining. In spite of Nigeria’s commitment to Conventions of the ILO with particular reference to such Conventions as 87 of 1948 and 98 of 1949 which provide for freedom of association and the right of workers to organize and bargain collectively. Thus, the use of wage commissions is antithetical to collective bargaining.

scholarly journals Application of microturbines in improving the energy efficiency of municipal wastewater treatment plants in Missouri.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tolulope Adewale Kudoro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
The State ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Hydropower is a source of renewable energy. It is possible to combine a hydropower installation with an existing wastewater plant while ensuring it still performs its basic purpose. The multipurpose scheme would be integrated into the facility to generate hydropower while also fulfilling its primary role of treating wastewater. The wastewater plant can generate renewable energy and benefit from introducing microturbines. The turbine system is moved by the power in the flowing treated water that is transformed into mechanical energy which rotates the generator and in turn generates electrical power. In this work, the potential for power generation from the energy in the outflow along with the economics of the system in wastewater plants in the state of Missouri was investigated to improve the energy efficiency of the municipal wastewater treatment plants. Data like the daily flow rate, speed of flow, available head, etc about the wastewater plants in Missouri were collected and some interviews held with plant managers of the wastewater treatment plants. The investigation revealed that there are 127 wastewater treatment plants in the state of Missouri with 32 plants discharging less than 1 Mgd, 74 plants discharging between 1 Mgd and 5 Mgd, 13 plants discharging between 5 Mgd and 20 Mgd while just 8 plants had an outflow between 20 Mgd and 120 Mgd range. The flowrate helps in calculating and determining the theoretical and actual amount of power that can be gotten from the micro hydropower system in the wastewater treatment plant. For the actual amount of power gotten, the efficiency factor (efficiency of the turbine, and efficiency of the generator) of the generating system is considered. A brief study on the turbine system was conducted and a crossflow turbine was selected as the most suitable for the wastewater treatment plant as a vast majority of them had low head and high flow capacity. The analysis showed that out of the 127 wastewater treatment plants in the state of Missouri, only 21 treatment plants have the maximum potential to generate power and reduce operating costs. Also, two plants were selected for case studies. The operating cost is reduced because of the decrease in demand for electrical power from the grid. The 21 treatment plants have a daily outflow between 5Mgd to 120Mgd and could produce power through an axial flow turbine that utilizes the kinetic energy in the flow volume.

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