scholarly journals Maine State Planning Office, 1990--1991 heating season home heating fuels price survey. Final report

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Final Report ◽  
Heating Season ◽  
State Planning ◽  
Home Heating ◽  
Planning Office

Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
State Planning ◽  
The Public ◽  
Rivers And Streams ◽  
Planning Office

<em>Abstract</em>.-Wild low bush blueberries, advertised as "nature's #1 antioxidant super fruit," require about 2.5 cm of water per 0.4 ha each week during late June and all of July when fruit is forming and maturing. To reduce annual variation in production, Maine's blueberry growers began rapidly expanding the acreage under irrigation in the 1990s. As a result of increased acreage and irrigation, average annual Maine blueberry production increased from 15.8 million kilograms in the 1980s to 32.1 million kilograms in 2006. Endangered Atlantic salmon <em>Salmo salar </em>inhabit the rivers and streams in the watersheds where blueberries are grown. Initially all irrigation water was drawn from surface sources and some withdrawals directly degraded salmon habitat. To address this concern, the Maine State Planning Office coordinated a collaborative planning process that included hydrologists, fisheries biologists, and agricultural scientists from state and federal agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and industry, as well as members of the public and industry management. Following this effort, the large growers within Atlantic salmon watersheds shifted irrigation sources to storage impoundments and groundwater. The process also helped moved the blueberry industry to acknowledge fish habitat as a legitimate competing water use, thus potentially setting the stage for their future acceptance of the concept that there are hydrologic and ecological limits on water use in Atlantic salmon watersheds.

scholarly journals Cyprus Economy in the Light of Debt Problem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ergin Akalpler
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Wald Test ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Total Income ◽  
State Planning ◽  
Debt Problem ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Total Capital ◽  
Planning Office

Abstract The model created by using the independent variables of total income, total capital, total savings, government expenditures, and employment, which I think has a significant impact on the growth of the Cyprus economy, has been examined in the light of the debt problem. Annual time-series data from 1995Q to 2017Q were obtained from the Cyprus State Planning Office in Cyprus. Unrestricted VAR (Vector Autoregression) model was used to test the causal relationship of the variables considered. Empirical findings revealed that some variables such as Wald test results for 78 lags, respectively, affect the GDP growth rate together. In particular, it was observed that there are bidirectional influences between employment, government expenditures, total capital, and savings which are not estimated in former studies. In addition, total income and total savings coefficients have a unidirectional influence on employment. It has been observed that the expenditure and savings coefficients also affect the total income.

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