scholarly journals Contribution of Mitochondria to the Removal of Intracellular Ca2+ Induced by Caffeine and Rapid Cooling at Low Temperatures in Ferret Ventricular Muscles.

1997 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etsuko TANAKA ◽  
Satoshi KURIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Rapid Cooling

γ-U phase in U-Pt system retained to low temperatures by means of rapid cooling

2016 ◽  
Vol 479 ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.-T.H. Kim-Ngan ◽  
M. Paukov ◽  
R. Tarasenko ◽  
V. Tkáč ◽  
P. Minarik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Rapid Cooling

Some Properties of Two Vulcanized Pure Gum Compounds at Low Temperatures

1939 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-380
Author(s):  
A. A. Somerville
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Rapid Cooling

Abstract (1) High and normal sulfur pure gum compounds became board-like and brittle within a few minutes when cooled at −60° C, yet when tested at this temperature they had an elongation of over 500% and tensile strength of over 5,000 lbs. per sq. in. (2) With decreasing temperature the two compounds gave increasing tensile strength and modulus and decreasing elongation. (3) Relatively high combined sulfur, i. e., up to over 8% on the rubber, was accompanied by a marked increase in hardness, even at temperatures no lower than −30° C. (4) A substitution of deproteinized rubber for smoked sheet appeared to give greater resistance to hardening at temperatures down to −40° C. (5) Unvulcanized, unmilled smoked sheet showed greater resistance to hardening on rapid cooling than the vulcanized compounds at all temperatures tested. This phenomenon, however, is not to be confused with that of ordinary frozen rubber, which is commonly observed at temperatures above −30° C.

Mechanism of survival in plant cells at super-low temperatures by rapid cooling and rewarming

Cryobiology ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sakai ◽  
K. Ötsuka ◽  
S. Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Rapid Cooling

Quenched superconductivity by rapid cooling down to low temperatures below Tc2 in single-crystal HoMo6S8

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 771-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Koike ◽  
T. Fukase ◽  
N. Kobayashi ◽  
S. Hosoya ◽  
H. Takei
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Rapid Cooling

Freezing and Freeze-Drying of Bull Spermatozoa

1957 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Presence And Absence

The possible dependance of survival upon the time spermatozoa are in contact with the protective substance glycerol, prior to exposure to low temperatures, was investigated. Pretreatment for 5 minutes provided at least as much protection as 18 hours. Microscopic observations on ice formation relative to survival in semen frozen by four different methods, in the presence and absence of glycerol, gave no evidence for the notion that physical injury by ice is the cause of death on freezing and thawing. Site and character of ice formed were preserved by freeze-drying. A study on the effect of rates of cooling on survival revealed that the theory of survival based upon vitrification by rapid cooling does not apply to bull spermatozoa. Spermatozoa in smears of semen on glass slides did not withstand the process of freeze-drying for various periods. Death was attributed to drying and/or reconstitution.

scholarly journals Structure, Electrical Resistivity and Superconductivity of Low-alloyed γ-U Phase Retained to Low Temperatures by Means of Rapid Cooling

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Krupska ◽  
N.-T. H. Kim-Ngan ◽  
S. Sowa ◽  
M. Paukov ◽  
I. Tkach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Rapid Cooling

Interpretation of irradiation-induced changes in electron diffractograms and images of extinction contours at low temperatures

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 268-269
Author(s):  
E. Knapek ◽  
H. Formanek ◽  
G. Lefranc ◽  
I. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Organic Crystals ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Lens System ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Thin Carbon ◽  
Electron Diffractograms ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Induced Changes

A few years ago results on cryoprotection of L-valine were reported, where the values of the critical fluence De i.e, the electron exposure which decreases the intensity of the diffraction reflections by a factor e, amounted to the order of 2000 + 1000 e/nm2. In the meantime a discrepancy arose, since several groups published De values between 100 e/nm2 and 1200 e/nm2 /1 - 4/. This disagreement and particularly the wide spread of the results induced us to investigate more thoroughly the behaviour of organic crystals at very low temperatures during electron irradiation.For this purpose large L-valine crystals with homogenuous thickness were deposited on holey carbon films, thin carbon films or Au-coated holey carbon films. These specimens were cooled down to nearly liquid helium temperature in an electron microscope with a superconducting lens system and irradiated with 200 keU-electrons. The progress of radiation damage under different preparation conditions has been observed with series of electron diffraction patterns and direct images of extinction contours.

Radiation Damage of Support Films

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
H.A. Cohen ◽  
W. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Contrast Transfer Function ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Imaging Parameters ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
Phase Corrections ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Medium Dose

The goal of imaging the finest detail possible in biological specimens leads to contradictory requirements for the choice of an electron dose. The dose should be as low as possible to minimize object damage, yet as high as possible to optimize image statistics. For specimens that are protected by low temperatures or for which the low resolution associated with negative stain is acceptable, the first condition may be partially relaxed, allowing the use of (for example) 6 to 10 e/Å2. However, this medium dose is marginal for obtaining the contrast transfer function (CTF) of the microscope, which is necessary to allow phase corrections to the image. We have explored two parameters that affect the CTF under medium dose conditions.Figure 1 displays the CTF for carbon (C, row 1) and triafol plus carbon (T+C, row 2). For any column, the images to which the CTF correspond were from a carbon covered hole (C) and the adjacent triafol plus carbon support film (T+C), both recorded on the same micrograph; therefore the imaging parameters of defocus, illumination angle, and electron statistics were identical.

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