scholarly journals Ultrastructural and metabolic profiles on single muscle fibers of different types after hindlimb suspension in rats.

1989 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki TAKEKURA ◽  
Toshitada YOSHIOKA
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Hindlimb Suspension ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Single Muscle ◽  
Different Types

Contractile function of single muscle fibers after hindlimb suspension

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 2739-2749 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Gardetto ◽  
J. M. Schluter ◽  
R. H. Fitts
Keyword(s):  
Contractile Function ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Hindlimb Suspension ◽  
Type I ◽  
Single Muscle ◽  
Peak Tension ◽  
Slow Twitch ◽  
Slow Twitch Fibers ◽  
Fast Twitch

The purpose of this investigation was to determine how muscle atrophy produced by the hindlimb suspension (HS) model alters the contractile function of slow- and fast-twitch single muscle fibers. After 2 wk of HS, small bundles of fibers were isolated from the soleus and the deep and superficial regions of the lateral and medial heads of the gastrocnemius, respectively. The bundles were placed in skinning solution and stored at -20 degrees C until studied. Single fibers were isolated and suspended between a motor arm and force transducer, the functional properties were studied, and subsequently the fiber type was established by myosin heavy chain (MHC) analysis on 1-D sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. After HS, slow-twitch fibers of the soleus showed a significant reduction in fiber diameter (68 +/- 2 vs. 41 +/- 1 micron) and peak tension (1.37 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.99 +/- 0.06 kg/cm2), whereas the maximal shortening speed (Vmax) increased [1.49 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.92 +/- 0.14 fiber lengths (FL)/s]. A histogram showed two populations of fibers: one with Vmax values identical to control slow-twitch fibers and a second with significantly elevated Vmax values. This latter group frequently contained both slow and fast MHC protein isoforms. The pCa-force relation of the soleus slow-twitch fibers was shifted to the right; consequently, the free Ca2+ required for the onset of tension and for 50% of peak tension was significantly higher after HS. Slow-twitch fibers isolated from the gastrocnemius after HS showed a significant reduction in diameter (67 +/- 4 vs. 44 +/- 3 microns) and peak tension (1.2 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.96 +/- 0.07 kg/cm2), but Vmax was unaltered (1.70 +/- 0.13 vs. 1.65 +/- 0.18 FL/s). Fast-twitch fibers from the red gastrocnemius showed a significant reduction in diameter (59 +/- 2 vs. 49 +/- 3 microns) but no change in peak tension or Vmax. Fast-twitch fibers from the white superficial region of the medial head of the gastrocnemius were unaffected by HS. Collectively, these data suggest that the effects of HS on fiber function depend on the fiber type and location. Both slow-twitch type I and fast-twitch type IIa fibers atrophied; however, only slow-twitch fibers showed a decline in peak tension, and the increase in Vmax was restricted to a subpopulation of slow-twitch soleus fibers.

ROLE(S) OF GRAVITATIONAL LOADING ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROMUSCULAR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
F. Kawano ◽  
◽  
T. Ohira ◽  
K. Goto ◽  
Y. Ohira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Hindlimb Unloading ◽  
Hindlimb Suspension ◽  
Spatial Learning And Memory ◽  
Single Muscle ◽  
Memory Functions ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Gravitational Loading

The roles of gravitational load or anti-gravitational muscular activities on the growth and development of motor function and/or anti-gravity muscle, soleus, had been investigated. In this review, the responses of growth-associated changes in swimming [1, 2] and/or surface righting performance [3], spatial learning and memory functions [4], and hippocampal neurogenesis [5] or protein expression [6] to hindlimb unloading (HU) by hindlimb suspension or spaceflight during neonatal growing period in rats were discussed. Effects on the morphological and contractile properties, distribution of neuromuscular junction in single muscle fibers, sampled from tendon-to-tendon, and roles of satellite cells and myonuclei in the regulation of these properties [7–9] were also reviewed.

scholarly journals DISSECTION AND ELECTROPHORETIC PROTEIN ANALYSIS OF SINGLE MUSCLE FIBERS FROM HISTOLOGICALLY IDENTIFIED FREEZE-DRIED SECTIONS: APPLICATION TO MUSCLE FIBERS WITH RIMMED VACUOLES

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
ITARU TOYOSHIMA ◽  
KEIKO TANAKA ◽  
NOBUYOSHI FUKUHARA ◽  
TOSHIHIDE KUMAMOTO ◽  
TADASHI MIYATAKE
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Protein Analysis ◽  
Single Muscle ◽  
Freeze Dried

Complex Evaluation of Velocity, Force, and Accuracy Characteristics of the Movements of Upper Extremities in Young Athletes

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jaščaninas ◽  
B. Gutnik ◽  
A. Skurvydas ◽  
A. Stasiulis
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Complex Evaluation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Muscle Fibers ◽  
Left And Right

8 measures recorded during alternate tapping of two targets by left and right hands for 15 boys, 13 or 14 yr. old, were made during 4 30-sec. trials using a force averaging 450 gm. Mechanical and electrical activity (EMG from m. biceps brachii) of both hands suggested asymmetric characteristics of the two hands and the likely involvement of different types of muscle fibers or asymmetry of the CNS.

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