Two physical processes enhanced the performance of Auricularia auricula dreg in Cd(II) adsorption: composting and pyrolysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1511-1526
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Siqi Huang ◽  
Yingnan Wei ◽  
Xuesheng Liu ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Auricularia Auricula ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Crystal Species

Abstract This study aims to discover the impact of composting and pyrolysis on the adsorption performance of Auricularia auricula dreg (AAD) for Cd(II) in aqueous solution. Auricularia auricula dreg (AAD), Auricularia auricula dreg biochar (AADB) and Auricularia auricula dreg compost (AADC) were used to remove Cd(II) from aqueous solution, and their adsorption conditions and mechanisms were compared. The adsorption quantity of three adsorbents reached the maximum (AAD: 80.0 mg/g, AADB: 91.7 mg/g, AADC: 93.5 mg/g) under same conditions (adsorbent dosage of 1 g/L, pH 5.0, biosorption temperature of 25 °C, and biosorption time of 120 min). All Cd(II) biosorption processes onto three adsorbents complied with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, and spontaneously occurred in an order of AADC > AADB > AAD. The difference in biosorption quantity relied on variation in surface structure, crystal species and element content caused by composting or pyrolysis. Composting enhanced the changes in surface structure, crystal species, functional groups and ion exchange capacity of the AAD, resulting in AAD had greatly improved the biosorption quantity of Cd(II). Pyrolysis increased the adsorption of Cd(II) mainly by increasing the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, the particle size and pH, in the same time, providing more oxygen-containing functional groups.

scholarly journals Simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solution by double functional groups modified bagasse

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 2159-2167
Author(s):  
Ru-yi Zhou ◽  
Jun-xia Yu ◽  
Ru-an Chi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Amine Groups ◽  
Modified Adsorbents ◽  
Zeta Potential Analysis

Abstract Double functional groups modified bagasse (DFMBs), a series of new zwitterionic groups of carboxyl and amine modified adsorbents, were prepared through grafting tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) onto the pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) modified bagasse using the DCC/DMAP method. DFMBs' ability to simultaneously remove basic magenta (BM, cationic dye) and Congo red (CR, anionic dye) from aqueous solution in single and binary dye systems was investigated. FTIR spectra and Zeta potential analysis results showed that PMDA and TEPA were successfully grafted onto the surface of bagasse, and the ratio of the amount of carboxyl groups and amine groups was controlled by the addition of a dosage of TEPA. Adsorption results showed that adsorption capacities of DFMBs for BM decreased while that for CR increased with the increase of the amount of TEPA in both single and binary dye systems, and BM or CR was absorbed on the modified biosorbents was mainly through electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bond. The adsorption for BM and CR could reach equilibrium within 300 min, both processes were fitted well by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The cationic and anionic dyes removal experiment in the binary system showed that DMFBs could be chosen as adsorbents to treat wastewater containing different ratios of cationic and anionic dyes.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Ni2+ from aqueous solution by magnetic Fe@graphite nano-composite

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Konicki ◽  
Rafał Pelka ◽  
Walerian Arabczyk
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Nanocrystalline Iron

Abstract The removal of Ni2+ from aqueous solution by iron nanoparticles encapsulated by graphitic layers (Fe@G) was investigated. Nanoparticles Fe@G were prepared by chemical vapor deposition CVD process using methane as a carbon source and nanocrystalline iron. The properties of Fe@G were characterized by X-ray Diffraction method (XRD), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), BET surface area and zeta potential measurements. The effects of initial Ni2+ concentration (1–20 mg L−1), pH (4–11) and temperature (20–60°C) on adsorption capacity were studied. The adsorption capacity at equilibrium increased from 2.96 to 8.78 mg g−1, with the increase in the initial concentration of Ni2+ from 1 to 20 mg L−1 at pH 7.0 and 20oC. The experimental results indicated that the maximum Ni2+ removal could be attained at a solution pH of 8.2 and the adsorption capacity obtained was 9.33 mg g−1. The experimental data fitted well with the Langmuir model with a monolayer adsorption capacity of 9.20 mg g−1. The adsorption kinetics was found to follow pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamics parameters, ΔHO, ΔGO and ΔSO, were calculated, indicating that the adsorption of Ni2+ onto Fe@G was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.

Preparation of lignin-based mesoporous biochar nano- and microparticles, and their adsorption properties for hexavalent chromium

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 6363-6377
Author(s):  
Yu Hu ◽  
Meng Ling ◽  
Xianfa Li
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Contaminated Waste ◽  
Mesoporous Biochar

The removal performance and mechanism of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution was studied for a novel micro-nano particle kraft lignin biochar (BC) pyrolyzed at 400 to 700 °C. The physicochemical properties of BC were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The results illustrated that the BC had irregular micro- and nanoparticles with abundant pore structure and high BET surface area (111.1 m2/g). The FT-IR results showed that the lower pyrolysis temperature resulted in more oxygen-containing functional groups. The Cr(VI) adsorption capacity decreased with the pyrolysis temperature increasing from 400 to 700 °C, and the maximum percentage removal of Cr(VI) for BC obtained at 400 °C was 100% at pH 2, which suggested that the removal efficiency was mainly dependent on functional groups. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that Cr(VI) adsorption on BC fit well to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption data was well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm models, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 37.2 mg/g at 298K. The BC could be reused twice with Cr(VI) removal of 63.91% and was suitable for Cr(VI) contaminated waste-water treatment.

scholarly journals Removal of Zinc from Aqueous Solution by Optimized Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Biochar as Low Cost Adsorbent

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Ali Zamani ◽  
Robiah Yunus ◽  
A. W. Samsuri ◽  
M. A. Mohd Salleh ◽  
Bahareh Asady
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to produce optimized biochar from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB), as a green, low cost adsorbent for uptake of zinc from aqueous solution. The impact of pyrolysis conditions, namely, highest treatment temperature (HTT), heating rate (HR), and residence time (RT) on biochar yield and adsorption capacity towards zinc, was investigated. Mathematical modeling and optimization of independent variables were performed employing response surface methodology (RSM). HTT was found to be the most influential variable, followed by residence time and heating rate. Based on the central composite design (CCD), two quadratic models were developed to correlate three independent variables to responses. The optimum production condition for OPEFB biochar was found as follows: HTT of 615°C, HR of 8°C/min, and RT of 128 minutes. The optimum biochar showed 15.18 mg/g adsorption capacity for zinc and 25.49% of yield which was in agreement with the predicted values, satisfactory. Results of the characterization of optimum product illustrated well-developed BET surface area and porous structure in optimum product which favored its sorptive ability.

Study of the effect of an acid treatment of a natural Moroccan bentonite on its physicochemical and adsorption properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1098-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikram Daou ◽  
Omar Zegaoui ◽  
Ali Amachrouq
Keyword(s):  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
The Impact

In this study, a natural bentonite taken from a deposit in the Northeast of Morocco has been purified (PB) and treated with various HCl molarities (xHPB) in order to obtain an HCl/Bentonite weight ratio equal to 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6. The obtained physicochemical characterization results indicated that the PB sample is composed mainly of the montmorillonite phase. The impact of acid treatment was investigated by identifying changes in the chemical composition, cation exchange capacity, infrared absorption bands, crystalline structure, morphology of the particles and specific surface area. The adsorption behavior of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) in aqueous solution onto PB and xHPB samples was investigated by varying the initial concentration of dyes, the contact time and the temperature. The obtained results showed that the experimental data best fit the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies carried out after MB and MO adsorption onto PB samples indicated that MB cations were intercalated, in the form of monomers and dimers, with a large amount of monomers, slightly tilted against the plane of the clay surface. While MO molecules adsorb, with a near perpendicular alignment, with their SO3− group and O− atoms facing the mineral surface plane.

Mesoporous Iron-Manganese Magnetic Bimetal Oxide for Efficient Removal of Cr(VI) from Synthetic Aqueous Solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartick Lal Bhowmik ◽  
M. Kanmani ◽  
Akash Deb ◽  
Animesh Debnath ◽  
Ranendu Kumar Nath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Adsorption Property ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Iron Manganese

A facile co-precipitation method was established for synthesis of mesoporous iron-manganese magnetic bimetal oxide (MIMO) and its adsorption property was studied for removal of toxic metal ion hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution. XRD pattern of MIMO confirms the existence of Fe2O3 and Mn3O4 particle, out of which Mn3O4 is ferrimagnetic in nature. Synthesized MIMO has shown high saturation magnetization (23.08 emu/g), high BET surface area (178.27 m2/g) and high pore volume (0.484 cm3/g), which makes it a potential adsorbent. Adsorption process followed second order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model. Involvement of intra-particle diffusion is also confirmed from kinetic data, which can be attributed to the mesoporous nature of the MIMO. Cr(VI) adsorption shows high pH dependency and maximum adsorption capacity of 116.25 mg/g is reported at pH 2.0. Electrostatic attraction between anionic chromium species and protonated MIMO surface is the predominant mechanism in this adsorption process.

scholarly journals Removal of phosphate from aqueous solution by sewage sludge-based activated carbon loaded with pyrolusite

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sicong Yao ◽  
Meicheng Wang ◽  
Jilong Liu ◽  
Shuxiong Tang ◽  
Hengli Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic

Abstract Activated carbons were prepared from sewage sludge by chemical activation with pyrolusite (PAC) to develop an efficient adsorbent for phosphate removal from aqueous solution. One percent (wt.) pyrolusite addition was proved to have an important effect on pore formation of the produced carbon. PAC showed 17.06% larger Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area than the sewage sludge-based activated carbon without modification (SAC). The adsorption results showed that the phosphate removal by PAC was 13% higher than SAC's. The adsorption experiments also showed that PAC had very good performance with high phosphate removal rate (ca. 90%) in a wide pH range (pH = 4–8), and could be stable after 30 min reaction. Adsorption isotherm and kinetics studies demonstrated that phosphate adsorption onto the modified adsorbent was well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm and could be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The modified sewage sludge-based activated carbons were effective and alternative adsorbents for the removal of phosphorus from aqueous solution due to their considerable adsorptive capacities and the low-cost renewable sources.

Kinetic study and Box–Behnken design approach to optimize the sorption process of toxic azo dye onto organo-modified bentonite

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Brahim Guezzen ◽  
Mehdi Adjdir ◽  
Baghdad Medjahed ◽  
Mohamed A. Didi ◽  
Peter G. Weidler
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Kinetic study was applied for sodium bentonite (Na-B) and hexadecylpyridinium bentonite (HDP-B) under different amounts, namely 50% (50HDP-B), 100% (100HDP-B), and 200% (200HDP-B) with respect to cation exchange capacity (CEC). Pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order kinetic models were performed to optimize the sorption of Congo red (CR) dye from aqueous solution. The experimental data fit the pseudo second order kinetic model well. The sorption capacity (qe) of CR dye by the organo-bentonites at equilibrium was 36.0 mg g−1 (72.1%) for 50HDP-B, 48.05 mg g−1 (96.1%) for 100HDP-B, and 49.2 mg g−1 (98.4%) for 200HDP-B. These results were considerably higher than that found by Na-B. Response surface methodology with three-variable, three-level Box–Behnken design was applied for 100HDP-B to describe the removal of CR dye. The effects of three variables, namely temperature, adsorbent dosage, and initial dye concentration, were studied. Predicted values of adsorption efficiency were found to be in good agreement with the obtained experimental values (R2 = 0.97). A second-order polynomial model successfully described the effects of independent variables on the CR dye removal. At the optimized condition, the toxic azo dye could be quantitatively removed from aqueous solution. The results of the present study suggest that the organo-bentonite can be used as an efficient sorbent for dye removal from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Fe-Mn Binary Oxide/Mulberry Stem Biochar Composite Adsorbent and Adsorption of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meina Liang ◽  
Shuiping Xu ◽  
Yinian Zhu ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Zhenliang Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Binary Oxide ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Ferrous Chloride ◽  
Composite Adsorbent ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Impact

This study details the preparation of Fe-Mn binary oxide/mulberry stem biochar composite adsorbent (FM-MBC) from mulberry stems via the multiple activation by potassium permanganate, ferrous chloride, triethylenetetramine, and epichlorohydrin. The characteristics of FM-MBC had been characterized by SEM-EDS, BET, FT-IR, XRD, and XPS, and static adsorption batch experiments such as pH, adsorption time, were carried out to study the mechanism of Cr(VI) adsorption on FM-MBC and the impact factors. The results indicated that in contrast with the mulberry stem biochar (MBC), the FM-MBC has more porous on surface with a BET surface area of 74.73 m2/g, and the surface loaded with α-Fe2O3 and amorphization of MnO2 particles. Besides, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and carbonyls functional groups were also formed on the FM-MBC surface. At the optimal pH 2.0, the maximum adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) was calculated from the Langmuir model of 28.31, 31.02, and 37.14 mg/g at 25, 35, and 45 °C, respectively. The aromatic groups, carboxyls, and the hydroxyl groups were the mainly functional groups in the adsorption of Cr(VI). The mechanism of the adsorption process of FM-MBC for Cr(VI) mainly involves electrostatic interaction, surface adsorption of Cr(VI) on FM-MBC, and ion exchange.

scholarly journals Modeling of Cu(II) Adsorption from an Aqueous Solution Using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3263
Author(s):  
Taimur Khan ◽  
Teh Sabariah Binti Abd Manan ◽  
Mohamed Hasnain Isa ◽  
Abdulnoor A.J. Ghanim ◽  
Salmia Beddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

This research optimized the adsorption performance of rice husk char (RHC4) for copper (Cu(II)) from an aqueous solution. Various physicochemical analyses such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur (CHNS) analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, bulk density (g/mL), ash content (%), pH, and pHZPC were performed to determine the characteristics of RHC4. The effects of operating variables such as the influences of aqueous pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration, and doses of RHC4 on adsorption were studied. The maximum adsorption was achieved at 120 min of contact time, pH 6, and at 8 g/L of RHC4 dose. The prediction of percentage Cu(II) adsorption was investigated via an artificial neural network (ANN). The Fletcher–Reeves conjugate gradient backpropagation (BP) algorithm was the best fit among all of the tested algorithms (mean squared error (MSE) of 3.84 and R2 of 0.989). The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted well with the experimental data, thus indicating chemical adsorption. The intraparticle analysis showed that the adsorption process proceeded by boundary layer adsorption initially and by intraparticle diffusion at the later stage. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models interpreted well the adsorption capacity and intensity. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption of Cu(II) by RHC4 was spontaneous. The RHC4 adsorption capacity is comparable to other agricultural material-based adsorbents, making RHC4 competent for Cu(II) removal from wastewater.

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