Study of sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation process and its microbial community composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Li Cui ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Jiyan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Functional Bacteria

Abstract In this study, the simultaneous removal of ammonium and sulfate was detected in a self-designed circulating flow reactor, in which ammonium oxidization was combined with sulfate reduction. The highest removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and SO42–S were 92% and 59.2%. NO2− and NO3− appeared in the effluent, and experimental studies showed that increasing the proportion of N/S in the influent would increase the NO2− concentration in the effluent. However, N/S [n(NH4+-N)/n(SO42–S)] conversion rates during the experiment were between 2.1 and 12.9, which may have been caused by the experiment's complex process. The microbial community in the sludge reactor included Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Chlorobi, Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes after 187 days of operation. Proteobacteria bacteria had a more versatile metabolism. The sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation (SRAO) was mainly due to the high performance of Proteobacteria. Nitrospirae has been identified as the dominant functional bacteria in several anammox reactors used for nitrogen removal. Approximately 12.4% of denitrifying bacteria were found in the sludge. These results show that a portion of the nitrogen was converted by nitrification-denitrification, and that traditional anammox proceeds simultaneously with SRAO.

scholarly journals Microbial Communities Show Parallels at Sites with Distinct Litter and Soil Characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (21) ◽  
pp. 7560-7567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marketa Sagova-Mareckova ◽  
Marek Omelka ◽  
Ladislav Cermak ◽  
Zdenek Kamenik ◽  
Jana Olsovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Soil Extracts

ABSTRACTPlant and microbial community composition in connection with soil chemistry determines soil nutrient cycling. The study aimed at demonstrating links between plant and microbial communities and soil chemistry occurring among and within four sites: two pine forests with contrasting soil pH and two grasslands of dissimilar soil chemistry and vegetation. Soil was characterized by C and N content, particle size, and profiles of low-molecular-weight compounds determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of soil extracts. Bacterial and actinobacterial community composition was assessed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and cloning followed by sequencing. Abundances of bacteria, fungi, and actinobacteria were determined by quantitative PCR. In addition, a pool of secondary metabolites was estimated byermresistance genes coding for rRNA methyltransferases. The sites were characterized by a stable proportion of C/N within each site, while on a larger scale, the grasslands had a significantly lower C/N ratio than the forests. A Spearman's test showed that soil pH was correlated with bacterial community composition not only among sites but also within each site. Bacterial, actinobacterial, and fungal abundances were related to carbon sources while T-RFLP-assessed microbial community composition was correlated with the chemical environment represented by HPLC profiles. Actinobacteria community composition was the only studied microbial characteristic correlated to all measured factors. It was concluded that the microbial communities of our sites were influenced primarily not only by soil abiotic characteristics but also by dominant litter quality, particularly, by percentage of recalcitrant compounds.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrite and nitrate on sulfate reducing ammonium oxidation

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Li Cui ◽  
Rayan M. A. Madani ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Hao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Effective Volume ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Cycle Growth ◽  
Functional Bacteria ◽  
Nitrification Process ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Anammox Process ◽  
Denitrification Process

Abstract The effects of nitrite and nitrate on the integration of ammonium oxidization and sulfate reduction were investigated in a self-designed reactor with an effective volume of 5 L. An experimental study indicated that the ammonium oxidization and sulfate reduction efficiencies were increased in the presence of nitrite and nitrate. Studies showed that a decreasing proportion of N/S in the presence of NO2− at 30 mg·L−1 would lead to high removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and SO42–-S of up to 78.13% and 46.72%, respectively. On the other hand, NO3− was produced at approximately 26.89 mg·L−1. Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Chlorobi, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes and Nitrospirae were detected in the anaerobic cycle growth reactor. Proteobacteria was identified as the dominant functional bacteria removing nitrogen in the reactor. The nitritation reaction could promote the sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation (SRAO) process. NH4+ was converted to NO2 and other intermediates, for which the electron acceptor was SO42−. These results showed that nitrogen was converted by the nitrification process, the denitrification process, and the traditional anammox process simultaneously with the SRAO process. The sulfur-based autotrophic denitration and denitrification in the reactor were caused by the influent nitrite and nitrate.

scholarly journals Effect of Sodium Bisulfite Injection on the Microbial Community Composition in a Brackish-Water-Transporting Pipeline

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (19) ◽  
pp. 6908-6917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Soo Park ◽  
Indranil Chatterjee ◽  
Xiaoli Dong ◽  
Sheng-Hung Wang ◽  
Christoph W. Sensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Sodium Bisulfite ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Iron Corrosion ◽  
Injection Point ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sulfate Reducing

ABSTRACTPipelines transporting brackish subsurface water, used in the production of bitumen by steam-assisted gravity drainage, are subject to frequent corrosion failures despite the addition of the oxygen scavenger sodium bisulfite (SBS). Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes was used to determine the microbial community composition for planktonic samples of transported water and for sessile samples of pipe-associated solids (PAS) scraped from pipeline cutouts representing corrosion failures. These were obtained from upstream (PAS-616P) and downstream (PAS-821TP and PAS-821LP, collected under rapid-flow and stagnant conditions, respectively) of the SBS injection point. Most transported water samples had a large fraction (1.8% to 97% of pyrosequencing reads) ofPseudomonasnot found in sessile pipe samples. The sessile population of PAS-616P had methanogens (Methanobacteriaceae) as the main (56%) community component, whereasDeltaproteobacteriaof the generaDesulfomicrobiumandDesulfocapsawere not detected. In contrast, PAS-821TP and PAS-821LP had lower fractions (41% and 0.6%) ofMethanobacteriaceaearchaea but increased fractions of sulfate-reducingDesulfomicrobium(18% and 48%) and of bisulfite-disproportionatingDesulfocapsa(35% and 22%) bacteria. Hence, SBS injection strongly changed the sessile microbial community populations. X-ray diffraction analysis of pipeline scale indicated that iron carbonate was present both upstream and downstream, whereas iron sulfide and sulfur were found only downstream of the SBS injection point, suggesting a contribution of the bisulfite-disproportionating and sulfate-reducing bacteria in the scale to iron corrosion. Incubation of iron coupons with pipeline waters indicated iron corrosion coupled to the formation of methane. Hence, both methanogenic and sulfidogenic microbial communities contributed to corrosion of pipelines transporting these brackish waters.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of microbial communities among colonies and genotypes in nursery-reared Acropora cervicornis

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9635
Author(s):  
Nicole Miller ◽  
Paul Maneval ◽  
Carrie Manfrino ◽  
Thomas K. Frazer ◽  
Julie L. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Coral Host ◽  
Acropora Cervicornis ◽  
Microbiome Composition

Background The architecturally important coral species Acropora cervicornis and A. palmata were historically common in the Caribbean, but have declined precipitously since the early 1980s. Substantial resources are currently being dedicated to coral gardening and the subsequent outplanting of asexually reproduced colonies of Acropora, activities that provide abundant biomass for both restoration efforts and for experimental studies to better understand the ecology of these critically endangered coral species. Methods We characterized the bacterial and archaeal community composition of A. cervicornis corals in a Caribbean nursery to determine the heterogeneity of the microbiome within and among colonies. Samples were taken from three distinct locations (basal branch, intermediate branch, and branch tip) from colonies of three different coral genotypes. Results Overall, microbial community composition was similar among colonies due to high relative abundances of the Rickettsiales genus MD3-55 (Candidatus Aquarickettsia) in nearly all samples. While microbial communities were not different among locations within the same colony, they were significantly different between coral genotypes. These findings suggest that sampling from any one location on a coral host is likely to provide a representative sample of the microbial community for the entire colony. Our results also suggest that subtle differences in microbiome composition may be influenced by the coral host, where different coral genotypes host slightly different microbiomes. Finally, this study provides baseline data for future studies seeking to understand the microbiome of nursery-reared A. cervicornis and its roles in coral health, adaptability, and resilience.

scholarly journals Microbial Community Composition of Wadden Sea Sediments as Revealed by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 2691-2696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enric Llobet-Brossa ◽  
Ramon Rosselló-Mora ◽  
Rudolf Amann
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Sea Coast

ABSTRACT The microbial community composition of Wadden Sea sediments of the German North Sea coast was investigated by in situ hybridization with group-specific fluorescently labeled, rRNA-targeted oligonucleotides. A large fraction (up to 73%) of the DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole)-stained cells hybridized with the bacterial probes. Nearly 45% of the total cells could be further identified as belonging to known phyla. Members of theCytophaga-Flavobacterium cluster were most abundant in all layers, followed by the sulfate-reducing bacteria.

Pilot Plant Study on Microaerobic Self-Granulated Sludge Process (Multi-Stage Reversing Flow Bioreactor: MRB)

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 973-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takahashi ◽  
S. Kyosai
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Symbiotic Interaction ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Pellet Formation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment

A Multi-stage Reversing flow Bioreactor (MRB) was developed by the Public Works Research Institute in 1986. It utilizes the symbiotic interaction between anaerobic bacteria (sulfate reducing bacteria) and microaerobic bacteria (Beggiatoa=filamentous sulfur oxidizing bacteria) for self-granulated pellet formation. A MRB Pilot plant for domestic wastewater treatment (design capacity was 225 m3/day) was constructed in 1988. After several modifications of the initial design, stable pellet formation and high performance were achieved. This paper describes the results of the pilot plant operation.

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