Effects of tetracycline and ibuprofen on the relative abundance of microbial eukaryotic and bacterial populations in wastewater treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
pp. 430-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Abdelrahman ◽  
G. M. Islam ◽  
K. A. Gilbride
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The activated sludge process in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) relies on the activity of microbes to reduce the organic and inorganic matter and produce effluent that is safe to discharge into receiving waters. This research examined the effects of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen and the antibiotic tetracycline on the relative abundance and composition of eukaryotes and bacteria in the microbial population present in activated sludge from a WWTP. The current investigation was designed to observe the impact of these contaminants, at low (environmentally relevant concentrations) as well as high concentrations of the drugs. Using 16S and 18S rRNA gene primer sets and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the abundance of each population was monitored as well as the relative ratio of the two populations under the various conditions. It was found that current environmentally relevant concentrations of ibuprofen (100 ng/mL) stimulated eukaryotic growth but higher concentrations (2,000 ng/mL, 100,000 ng/mL) reduced their numbers significantly especially in the presence of tetracycline. Finally using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, some of the more abundant eukaryotes were identified and it was noted that high ibuprofen and tetracycline concentrations favoured the abundance of some genera.

scholarly journals Effects of tetracycline and ibuprofen on the relative abundance of protozoan and bacterial populations in wastewater treatment semi-batch reactors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam Abdel Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drug ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
The Impact

The activated sludge process in Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTPs) relies on the activities of microbes to reduce the organic and inorganic matter and produce effluent that is safe to discharge into receiving waters. This research examined the effects of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen and the antibiotic tetracycline on the microbial population in activated sludge from the Humber WWTP. The current investigation was designated to observe the impact of these contaminants, at low (environmentally relative concentrations) as well as extremely high concentrations of tetracycline and ibuprofen. Using 16S and 18S rRNA gene primer sets, and qPCR the abundance of each population was monitored as well as the relative abundance of two populations under the various conditions. It was found that current environmental concentrations of ibuprofen stimulated protozoan growth but higher concentrations reduced their numbers especially in the presence of tetracycline. Finally using DGGE, the identity for some of the more abundant protozoa were identified and it was noted that high ibuprofen and tetracycline concentrations favored the abundance of some genera.

scholarly journals Effects of tetracycline and ibuprofen on the relative abundance of protozoan and bacterial populations in wastewater treatment semi-batch reactors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam Abdel Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drug ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
The Impact

The activated sludge process in Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTPs) relies on the activities of microbes to reduce the organic and inorganic matter and produce effluent that is safe to discharge into receiving waters. This research examined the effects of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen and the antibiotic tetracycline on the microbial population in activated sludge from the Humber WWTP. The current investigation was designated to observe the impact of these contaminants, at low (environmentally relative concentrations) as well as extremely high concentrations of tetracycline and ibuprofen. Using 16S and 18S rRNA gene primer sets, and qPCR the abundance of each population was monitored as well as the relative abundance of two populations under the various conditions. It was found that current environmental concentrations of ibuprofen stimulated protozoan growth but higher concentrations reduced their numbers especially in the presence of tetracycline. Finally using DGGE, the identity for some of the more abundant protozoa were identified and it was noted that high ibuprofen and tetracycline concentrations favored the abundance of some genera.

scholarly journals Metagenomic Community Composition and Resistome Analysis in a Full-scale Cold Climate Wastewater Treatment Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Uyaguari
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Final Effluent

Abstract Background: Wastewater treatment plants are an essential part of maintaining the health and safety of the general public. However, they are also an anthropogenic source of antibiotic resistance genes. In this study, we characterized the resistome, the distribution of classes 1-3 integron-integrase genes (intI1, intI2, and intI3) as mobile genetic element biomarkers, and the bacterial and phage community compositions in the North End Sewage Treatment Plant in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Samples were collected from raw sewage, returned activated sludge, final effluent, and dewatered sludge. A total of 28 bacterial and viral metagenomes were sequenced over two seasons, fall and winter. Integron-integrase genes, the 16S rRNA gene, and the coliform beta-glucuronidase gene were also quantified during this time period. Results: Bacterial classes observed above 1% relative abundance in all treatments were Actinobacteria (39.24% ± 0.25%), Beta-proteobacteria (23.99% ± 0.16%), Gamma-proteobacteria (11.06% ± 0.09%), and Alpha-proteobacteria (9.18 ± 0.04%). Families within the Caudovirales order: Siphoviridae (48.69% ± 0.10%), Podoviridae (23.99% ± 0.07%), and Myoviridae (19.94% ± 0.09%) were the dominant phage observed throughout the NESTP. The most abundant bacterial genera (in terms of average percent relative abundance) in influent, returned activated sludge, final effluent, and sludge, respectively, includes Mycobacterium (37.4%, 18.3%, 46.1%, and 7.7%), Acidovorax (8.9%, 10.8%, 5.4%, and 1.3%), and Polaromonas (2.5%, 3.3%, 1.4%, and 0.4%).The most abundant class of antibiotic resistance in bacterial samples was tetracycline resistance (17.86% ± 0.03%) followed by peptide antibiotics (14.24% ± 0.03%), and macrolides (10.63% ± 0.02%). Similarly, the phage samples contained a higher prevalence of macrolide (30.12% ± 0.30%), peptide antibiotic (10.78% ± 0.13%), and tetracycline (8.69% ± 0.11%) resistance. In addition, intI1 was the most abundant integron-integrase gene throughout treatment (1.14x104 gene copies/mL) followed by intI3 (4.97x103 gene copies/mL) while intI2 abundance remained low (6.4x101 gene copies/mL).Conclusions: The wastewater treatment plant successfully reduced the abundance of bacteria, DNA bacteriophages, and antibiotic resistance genes although many of them still remained in effluent and biosolids. The presence of integron-integrase genes throughout treatment and in effluent suggests that antibiotic resistance genes could be actively disseminating resistance between both environmental and pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals The Impact of Selected Parameters on the Condition of Activated Sludge in a Biologic Reactor in the Treatment Plant in Nowy Targ, Poland

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2657
Author(s):  
Elwira Nowobilska-Majewska ◽  
Piotr Bugajski
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Oxygen Uptake Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Partial Correlation Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to determine the condition of activated sludge in the biologic reactor located in the collective wastewater treatment plant in Nowy Targ (Poland) based on OUR tests in the aspect of the impact of sludge’s concentration in the biologic reactor and dependence of BOD5/TN and BOD5/TP in wastewater flowing into the biologic reactor. The analysis was conducted based on test results from 61 samples of activated sludge taken from the biologic reactor and 61 samples of wastewater flowing into the biologic reactor. The analysis included the concentration of sludge in the biologic reactor. The following indicators were analyzed in wastewater flowing into the reactor: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The statistical analysis concerning the impact of the analyzed factors on oxygen uptake rate (OUR) tests was developed based on the Pearson’s correlation coefficient and partial correlation of many variables. Based on the results of the partial correlation analysis, nomograms were developed to determine the condition of activated sludge microorganisms (OUR) based on the BOD5/TN and BOD5/TP connection and knowledge of the sludge concentration in the bioreactor of the treatment plant. The presented nomograms can be formulated for each bioreactor based on activated sludge technology related the load of organic and biogenic pollutants in the wastewater flowing into the bioreactor and the concentration of the sludge in the bioreactor.

Microbial population dynamics in laboratory-scale activated sludge reactors

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kaewpipat ◽  
C.P.L. Grady
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Prokaryotic Community ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

As a first step in understanding nonlinear dynamics in activated sludge systems, two laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors were operated under identical conditions and changes in their microbial communities were followed through microscopic examination, macroscopic observation, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene segments from the prokaryotic community. Two experiments were performed. The first used activated sludge from a local wastewater treatment plant to start the replicate reactors. The second used the biomass from the first experiment as a source by intermixing the two and equally redistributing the biomass into the two replicate reactors. For both experiments, the two reactors behaved fairly similarly and had similar microbial communities for a period of 60 days following start-up. Beyond that, the microbial communities in the two reactors in the first experiment diverged in composition, while those in the second experiment remained fairly similar. This suggests that the degree of change occurring in replicate reactors depends upon the severity of perturbation to which they are exposed. The DGGE data showed that the bacterial communities in both experiments were highly dynamic, even though the system performance of the replicate reactors were very similar, suggesting that dynamics within the prokaryotic community is not necessarily reflected in system performance. Moreover, a significant finding from this study is that replicate activated sludge systems are not identical, although they can be very similar if started appropriately.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance gene surveillance in the receiving waters of an upgraded wastewater treatment plant

FACETS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire N. Freeman ◽  
Lena Scriver ◽  
Kara D. Neudorf ◽  
Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen ◽  
Rob C. Jamieson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Gene ◽  
The Impact

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as hotspots for antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and thus represent a critical point where patterns in ARG abundances can be monitored prior to their release into the environment. The aim of the current study was to measure the impact of the release of the final treated effluent (FE) on the abundance of ARGs in the receiving water of a recently upgraded WWTP in the Canadian prairies. Sample nutrient content (phosphorous and nitrogen species) was measured as a proxy for WWTP functional performance, and quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to measure the abundance of eight ARGs, the intI1 gene associated with class I integrons, and the 16S rRNA gene. The genes ermB, sul1, intI1, blaCTX-M, qnrS, and tetO all had higher abundances downstream of the WWTP, consistent with the genes with highest abundance in the FE. These findings are consistent with the increasing evidence suggesting that human activity affects the abundances of ARGs in the environment. Although the degree of risk associated with releasing ARGs into the environment is still unclear, understanding the environmental dimension of this threat will help develop informed management policies to reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance and protect public health.

scholarly journals Quantification of Hyphomicrobium Populations in Activated Sludge from an Industrial Wastewater Treatment System as Determined by 16S rRNA Analysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1167-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Layton ◽  
P. N. Karanth ◽  
C. A. Lajoie ◽  
A. J. Meyers ◽  
I. R. Gregory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Industrial Wastewater Treatment

ABSTRACT The bacterial community structure of the activated sludge from a 25 million-gal-per-day industrial wastewater treatment plant was investigated using rRNA analysis. 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) libraries were created from three sludge samples taken on different dates. Partial rRNA gene sequences were obtained for 46 rDNA clones, and nearly complete 16S rRNA sequences were obtained for 18 clones. Seventeen of these clones were members of the beta subdivision, and their sequences showed high homology to sequences of known bacterial species as well as published 16S rDNA sequences from other activated sludge sources. Sixteen clones belonged to the alpha subdivision, 7 of which showed similarity to Hyphomicrobium species. This cluster was chosen for further studies due to earlier work onHyphomicrobium sp. strain M3 isolated from this treatment plant. A nearly full-length 16S rDNA sequence was obtained fromHyphomicrobium sp. strain M3. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Hyphomicrobium sp. strain M3 was 99% similar to Hyphomicrobium denitrificans DSM 1869T inHyphomicrobium cluster II. Three of the cloned sequences from the activated sludge samples also grouped with those ofHyphomicrobium cluster II, with a 96% sequence similarity to that of Hyphomicrobium sp. strain M3. The other four cloned sequences from the activated sludge sample were more closely related to those of the Hyphomicrobium cluster I organisms (95 to 97% similarity). Whole-cell fluorescence hybridization of microorganisms in the activated sludge with genus-specificHyphomicrobium probe S-G-Hypho-1241-a-A-19 enhanced the visualization of Hyphomicrobium and revealed thatHyphomicrobium appears to be abundant both on the outside of flocs and within the floc structure. Dot blot hybridization of activated sludge samples from 1995 with probes designed forHyphomicrobium cluster I and Hyphomicrobiumcluster II indicated that Hyphomicrobium cluster II-positive 16S rRNA dominated over Hyphomicrobium cluster I-positive 16S rRNA by 3- to 12-fold. Hyphomicrobium 16S rRNA comprised approximately 5% of the 16S rRNA in the activated sludge.

The development and use of real-time PCR for the quantification of nitrifiers in activated sludge

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Hall ◽  
P. Hugenholtz ◽  
N. Siyambalapitiya ◽  
J. Keller ◽  
L.L. Blackall
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Dna Templates

Chemical analytical data has long been used to monitor the performance of activated sludge plants even though the process relies on the performance of microorganisms. It is now evident that a rapid and reliable quantitative method is required, to be able to monitor the organisms responsible for nutrient transformation and their activities, allowing avenues for more efficient nutrient removal. The development of real-time or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) also known as TaqMan® or 5′-nuclease assay has allowed the rapid, quantitative analysis of DNA templates, eliminating some of the variability traditionally associated with other quantitative techniques. In this study analysis of Nitrospira spp., one of the key organisms in nitrite oxidation in wastewater treatment, was used to validate real-time PCR for the their quantification in activated sludge. A probe and primer set, targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Nitrospira spp. was designed according to the constraints of the TaqMan® specifications. Samples used to evaluate the method included DNA from the sludge from full-scale wastewater treatment plants and laboratory scale systems. The reproducibility, quantitative efficiency and specificity were assessed in the evaluation. It was concluded that the method is sensitive and reproducible but has some constraints on the quantitative efficiency. A survey of full-scale systems for Nitrospira spp. was carried out and the results are presented here.

scholarly journals Differential Impact of the Prior Mix by Stirring in the Biodegradation of Sunflower Oil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Eulogio Cisterna Osorio ◽  
Barbara Faundez-Miño
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Mass Loading ◽  
Mechanical Agitation ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Impact

Fats and oils present in wastewater are usually eliminated by physical and biological processes. In this experience, the fatty wastewaters are treated biologically, and it assesses the impact of the mix in the fats and oils biodegradation and carried out the experiments in a laboratory scale unit. The biodegradation of fats and oils was analysed in two sceneries, with mix previous by mechanical agitation and without mix. Key parameters were monitored, such as the concentration of fats and oils in the influents and effluents, mass loading, and the efficiency of biodegradation. The mass loading range was similar in both sceneries. In the experimental activated sludge plant without mix, the biodegradation of fats and oils reached levels in the range of 28 to 42.5%. For the wastewater treatment plant with a previous mix by mechanical agitation, the levels of biodegradation of fats and oils ranged from 64 to 75%. Therefore, considering the efficiency of the biodegradation of fats and oils in both sceneries, the results indicated that the level mix is a high incidence.

Molecular biological methods (DGGE) as a tool to investigate nitrification inhibition in wastewater treatment

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kreuzinger ◽  
A. Farnleitner ◽  
G. Wandl ◽  
R. Hornek ◽  
R. Mach
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Plant Laboratory ◽  
Biological Methods

Incomplete nitrification at an activated sludge plant for biological pre-treatment of rendering plant effluents led to a detailed investigation on the origin and solution of this problem. Preliminary studies revealed that an inhibition of ammonia oxidising microorganisms (AOM) by process waters of the rendering plant was responsible for the situation. We were able to show a correlation between the existence of specific AOM and nitrification capacity expressed as oxygen uptake rate for maximal nitrification (OURNmax). Only Nitrosospira sp. was found in the activated sludge of the rendering plant and another industrial wastewater treatment plant with problems in nitrification, while reference plants without nitrification problems showed Nitrosomonas spp. as the predominant ammonia oxidising bacteria. By accompanying engineering investigations and experiments (cross-feeding experiments, operation of a two-stage laboratory plant) with molecular biological methods (DGGE - Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) we were able to elaborate an applicable solution for the rendering plant. Laboratory experiments with a two-stage process layout finally provided complete nitrification overcoming the inhibiting nature of process waters from the rendering plant. DGGE analysis of the second stage activated sludge from the laboratory plant showed a shift in population structure from Nitrosospira sp. towards Nitrosomonas spp. simultaneous to the increase of nitrification capacity. Nitrification capacities comparable to full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants could be maintained for more than two months. As the design of wastewater treatment plants for nitrification is linked to the growth characteristics of Nitrosomonas spp., established criteria can be applied for the redesign of the full-scale plant.

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