Pollutant removal characteristics of a two-influent-line BNR process performing denitrifying phosphorus removal: role of sludge recycling ratios

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2474-2482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Liu ◽  
Feng Leng ◽  
Piao Chen ◽  
Stephan Kueppers
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Carbon Utilization ◽  
Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Sludge Recycling

This paper studied denitrifying phosphorus removal of a novel two-line biological nutrient removal process treating low strength domestic wastewater under different sludge recycling ratios. Mass balance of intracellular compounds including polyhydroxyvalerate, polyhydroxybutyrate and glycogen was investigated together with total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). Results showed that sludge recycling ratios had a significant influence on the use of organics along bioreactors and 73.6% of the average removal efficiency was obtained when the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) ranged from 175.9 mgL−1 to 189.9 mgL−1. The process performed better under a sludge recycling ratio of 100% compared to 25% and 50% in terms of ammonia and COD removal rates. Overall, TN removal efficiency for 50% and 100% sludge recycling ratios were 56.4% and 61.9%, respectively, unlike the big gap for carbon utilization and the TP removal rates, indicating that the effect of sludge recycling ratio on the anaerobic compartments had been counteracted by change in the efficiency of other compartments. The higher ratio of sludge recycling was conducive to the removal of TN, not in favor of TP, and less influence on COD. Thus, 25% was considered to be the optimal sludge recycling ratio.

Influence of wastewater composition on biological nutrient removal in UniFed SBR process

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Zhao ◽  
Y. Z. Peng ◽  
S. Y. Wang ◽  
X. G. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Detection Level ◽  
Maximum Value

The effects of influent C/N ratio and C/P ratio on biological nutrient removal performance were investigated in a lab-scale UniFed SBR apparatus treating real domestic wastewater. The results showed that TN removal efficiency increased as C/N ratio increased from 43.6% at 2.8 to 80.8% at 5.7. But when C/N ratio increased further, TN removal efficiency increased very slowly. This was because when C/N ratio was higher than 5.7, complete denitrification in the sludge blanket during feed/decant period had been achieved, TN removal efficiency during this period always kept the maximum value and only TN removal efficiency during aeration period rose as C/N ratio increased. PO43− removal efficiency increased as C/N ratio increased from 27.3% at 2.8 to 88.1% at 5.7. When C/N ratio was 6.5 and above, PO43− concentration couldn't be detected in the effluent. When influent C/N ratio and volumetric exchange ratio were fixed at 6 and 33% respectively, as C/P ratio was higher than 33, PO43− concentration of effluent always remained below the detection level and phosphorus removal efficiency kept stable at 100%, but as the C/P ratio was lower than 33, phosphorus removal efficiency increased as C/P ratio increased linearly. C/P ratio hardly affected TN removal efficiency, which always kept at 82.2%–85.8% in this study.

Performance evaluation of package plant for treatment of single household domestic wastewater

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Kumari Sharma ◽  
Absar Ahmad Kazmi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Treated Effluent

This study was carried out to evaluate the performance of an anaerobic packaged onsite system as an alternative to septic tank for the rural and semi-urban areas of developing countries where centralized sewerage facilities are not available. Potential application was identified on the basis of pollutant removal efficiency. The average per-capita wastewater generation was found to be 140 L/person/day with maximum contribution from the kitchen. The average removal efficiency of the system for chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphate and fecal coliform was 70.9 ± 11.8%, 68.7 ± 8.5%, 78.1 ± 4.7%, 20.2 ± 8.4%, 13.8 ± 3.7% and 86.5 ± 1.6%, respectively. Despite a satisfactory performance, the anaerobically-treated effluent did not meet the disposal standards and required subsequent post treatment. An electrochemical reactor with aluminium electrodes, at a potential difference of 12 V, showed appreciable potential for use in actual households as a post treatment option for further removal of the pathogens and COD. The treated domestic wastewater, with electrocoagulation as a post-treatment measure, was successfully reused for non-potable purposes. Therefore, the package system, in conjugation with electrocoagulation process, promises to be a highly efficient technology for the onsite treatment of domestic wastewater in developing countries while facilitating reuse of the treated effluent for various recreational purposes as well as a safe discharge.

scholarly journals Treatment of Combined Dairy and Domestic Wastewater with Constructed Wetland System in Sicily (Italy). Pollutant Removal Efficiency and Effect of Vegetation

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Mario Licata ◽  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
Nicolò Iacuzzi ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Davide Farruggia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Giant Reed

Dairy wastewater (DWW) contains large amounts of mineral and organic compounds, which can accumulate in soil and water causing serious environmental pollution. A constructed wetland (CW) is a sustainable technology for the treatment of DWW in small-medium sized farms. This paper reports a two-year study on the performance of a pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow system for DWW treatment in Sicily (Italy). The CW system covered a total surface area of 100 m2 and treated approximately 6 m3 per day of wastewater produced by a small dairy farm, subsequent to biological treatment. Removal efficiency (RE) of the system was calculated. The biomass production of two emergent macrophytes was determined and the effect of plant growth on organic pollutant RE was recorded. All DWW parameters showed significant differences between inlet and outlet. For BOD5 and COD, RE values were 76.00% and 62.00%, respectively. RE for total nitrogen (50.70%) was lower than that of organic compounds. RE levels of microbiological parameters were found to be higher than 80.00%. Giant reed produced greater biomass than umbrella sedge. A seasonal variation in RE of organic pollutants was recorded due to plant growth rate Our findings highlight the efficient use of a CW system for DWW treatment in dairy-cattle farms.

scholarly journals Efficiency and Technological Reliability of Contaminant Removal in Household WWTPs with Activated Sludge

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Micek ◽  
Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski ◽  
Michał Marzec ◽  
Agnieszka Listosz ◽  
Tadeusz Grabowski
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Contaminant Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Polish Law

The results of research on the efficiency and technological reliability of domestic wastewater purification in two household wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with activated sludge are presented in this paper. The studied facilities were located in the territory of the Roztocze National Park (Poland). The mean wastewater flow rate in the WWTPs was 1.0 and 1.6 m3/day. In 2017–2019, 20 series of analyses were done, and 40 wastewater samples were taken. On the basis of the received results, the efficiency of basic pollutant removal was determined. The technological reliability of the tested facilities was specified using the Weibull method. The average removal efficiencies for the biochemical oxygen demand in 5 days (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 66–83% and 62–65%, respectively. Much lower effects were obtained for total suspended solids (TSS) and amounted to 17–48%, while the efficiency of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) removal did not exceed 34%. The analyzed systems were characterized by the reliability of TSS, BOD5, and COD removal at the level of 76–96%. However, the reliability of TN and TP elimination was less than 5%. Thus, in the case of biogenic compounds, the analyzed systems did not guarantee that the quality of treated wastewater would meet the requirements of the Polish law during any period of operation. This disqualifies the discussed technological solution in terms of its wide application in protected areas and near lakes, where the requirements for nitrogen and phosphorus removal are high.

scholarly journals Treatment performances of French constructed wetlands: results from a database collected over the last 30 years

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1333-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Morvannou ◽  
N. Forquet ◽  
S. Michel ◽  
S. Troesch ◽  
P. Molle
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Technical Department ◽  
In Series ◽  
High Chemical Oxygen Demand

Approximately 3,500 constructed wetlands (CWs) provide raw wastewater treatment in France for small communities (<5,000 people equivalent). Built during the past 30 years, most consist of two vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) in series (stages). Many configurations exist, with systems associated with horizontal flow filters or waste stabilization ponds, vertical flow with recirculation, partially saturated systems, etc. A database analyzed 10 years earlier on the classical French system summarized the global performances data. This paper provides a similar analysis of performance data from 415 full-scale two-stage VFCWs from an improved database expanded by monitoring data available from Irstea and the French technical department. Trends presented in the first study are confirmed, exhibiting high chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) removal rates (87%, 93% and 84%, respectively). Typical concentrations at the second-stage outlet are 74 mgCOD L−1, 17 mgTSS L−1 and 11 mgTKN L−1. Pollutant removal performances are summarized in relation to the loads applied at the first treatment stage. While COD and TSS removal rates remain stable over the range of applied loads, the spreading of TKN removal rates increases as applied loads increase.

scholarly journals Improving the Treatment Performance of Low Impact Development Practices—Comparison of Sand and Bioretention Soil Mixtures Using Column Experiments

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1210
Author(s):  
Abtin Shahrokh Hamedani ◽  
Arianne Bazilio ◽  
Hanieh Soleimanifar ◽  
Heather Shipley ◽  
Marcio Giacomoni
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Column Experiments ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Treatment Performance ◽  
Soil Mixtures ◽  
Limestone Sand ◽  
The Impact

Low impact development (LID) practices, such as bioretention and sand filter basins, are stormwater control measures designed to mitigate the adverse impacts of urbanization on stormwater. LID treatment performance is highly dependent on the media characteristics. The literature suggests that bioretention media often leach nutrients in the stormwater effluent. The objective of this study was to analyze the treatment performance of different sand and bioretention soil mixtures. Specifically, this investigation aimed to answer whether the use of limestone and recycled glass could improve the treatment performance of bioretention systems. Column experiments were designed to assess (1) the removal efficiencies of different sand and bioretention soil mixtures and (2) the impact of plant uptake on removal rates. Enhanced pollutant removal was observed for the custom blends with addition of limestone sand, indicating mean dissolved and total phosphorus removal of 44.5% and 32.6% respectively, while the conventional bioretention soil mixtures leached phosphorus. Moreover, improved treatment of dissolved and total copper was achieved with mean removal rates of 70.7% and 93.4%, respectively. The results suggest that the nutrient effluent concentration decreased with the addition of plants, with mean phosphorus removal of 72.4%, and mean nitrogen removal of 22% for the limestone blend.

Biogeochemical indicators to evaluate pollutant removal efficiency in constructed wetlands

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Reddy ◽  
E. M. D'Angelo
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Wetland Treatment ◽  
Biogeochemical Indicators

Wetlands support several aerobic and anaerobic biogeochemical processes that regulate removal/retention of pollutants, which has encouraged the intentional use of wetlands for pollutant abatement. The purpose of this paper is to present a brief review of key processes regulating pollutant removal and identify potential indicators that can be measured to evaluate treatment efficiency. Carbon and toxic organic compound removal efficiency can be determined by measuring soil or water oxygen demand, microbial biomass, soil Eh and pH. Similarly, nitrate removal can be predicted by dissolved organic C and microbial biomass. Phosphorus retention can be described by the availability of reactive Fe and Al in acid soils and Ca and Mg in alkaline soils. Relationships between soil processes and indicators are useful tools to transfer mechanistic information between diverse types of wetland treatment systems.

Two-stage entrapped mixed microbial cell process for simultaneous removal of organics and nitrogen for rural domestic sewage application

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Kim ◽  
P.Y. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Microbial Cell ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Entrapped Mixed Microbial Cell

A two-stage entrapped mixed microbial cell (2SEMMC) process which separates nitrification and denitrification phases by the installation of the anoxic and oxic EMMC reactors packed with EMMC carriers was operated with 6, 4, 3, and 2 hours of hydraulic retention time (HRT) using simulated domestic wastewater. The activated sludge was immobilized using cellulose acetate for the EMMC carriers. Similar soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) removal efficiencies of 90-97% were observed for all HRTs (SCOD loading rate of 0.84-2.30 g/L/d) applied. In order to achieve more than 80 % of TN removal efficiency, the HRT should be maintained higher than 4 hours (less than 0.24 g/L/d of TN loading rate). Denitrification was a rate-limiting step which controlled overall TN removal efficiency at TN loading rate of 0.15-0.31 g/L/d although nitrification efficiencies achieved 97-99 %. The effluent TSS of less than 25 mg/L in the 2SEMMC process was maintained at the SCOD loading rate of less than 1.23 g/L/d with back-washing intervals of 5 and 10 days in the anoxic and oxic EMMC reactors, respectively. The minimum HRT of 4 hours is required for high removal efficiencies of organics (average 95.6 %) and nitrogen (average 80.5 %) in the 2SEMMC process with 3 times of recirculation ratio.

scholarly journals Effects of CuO NPs on the pollutant removal, EPS and microbial community of aerobic granular sludge

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 01129
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Zheng ◽  
Xiaoyao Shao ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Mengmeng Yang ◽  
Zhi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
The Impact

With the increasing use of cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), its potential environmental toxicity has been concerned nowadays. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a special collection of microorganisms. This research studied under long exposure to the concentration of 5, 10 and 20 mg/L of CuO NPs, pollutants removal efficiency of AGS, extracellular polymers (EPS) and microbial communities in aerobic/anaerobic/anoxic (A/O/A) sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). The results showed that COD removal rates was stable, and the removal efficiencies of TN decreased because of the high concentration CuO NPs. On the 45th day, the TP removal efficiency of the reactor with CuO NPs concentration of 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L decreased to 55.83% and 43.72%, respectively. The denitrifying phosphorus removal-aerobic granular sludge (DPR-AGS) had certain resistance to the short-term impact of CuO NPs, and the phosphorus removal ability decreased at the late stage of the impact test. Besides, CuO NPs decreased the stability of DPR-AGS. High-throughput sequencing showed that CuO NPs decreased microbial diversity of DPR-AGS.

scholarly journals The Use of Organic Coagulants in the Primary Precipitation Process at Wastewater Treatment Plants

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Czerwionka ◽  
Anna Wilinska ◽  
Agnieszka Tuszynska
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Primary Precipitation

Measurements for determining the effect of chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) on the efficiency of pollutant removal from wastewater were carried out using conventional inorganic coagulants PIX113 with polymer A110 (Kemipol, Police, Poland) and unconventional cationic organic coagulants Cofloc (Attana, Coalville, UK) C29510 (Kemipol, Police, Poland) and Sedifloc 575 (3F Chimica, Sandrigo, Italy). The average removal efficiency in the 2-h sedimentation process was 46%, 34%, 8%, 12% for the total suspended solids, organic matter (COD), total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, respectively. The use of organic coagulants contributed to 14–81% increase of pollutant removal efficiency. Substantial discrepancies in biological nutrient removal processes were not discovered in two-phase (anaerobic-anoxic) experiments without and with the addition of the organic coagulants. The increase in organic matter removal efficiency as a result of the CEPT process may contribute to a 65–80% increase in biogas production. The conducted research confirms the possibility of using organic coagulants in the primary precipitation process in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in accordance with the principles of maximum energy recovery, thereby promoting renewable energy sources. Additionally, organic coagulants, as opposed to inorganic ones, do not cause a significant increase of chloride and sulfate ion concentrations, which facilitates the use of treated wastewater in the water reuse systems, such as irrigation of agricultural crops.

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