A calibration protocol of a one-dimensional moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) dynamic model for nitrogen removal

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1172-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Barry ◽  
J.-M. Choubert ◽  
J.-P. Canler ◽  
A. Héduit ◽  
L. Robin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Biofilm Thickness ◽  
Calibration Protocol ◽  
In Series ◽  
Nitrogen Treatment ◽  
Sensitive Parameters

This work suggests a procedure to correctly calibrate the parameters of a one-dimensional MBBR dynamic model in nitrification treatment. The study deals with the MBBR configuration with two reactors in series, one for carbon treatment and the other for nitrogen treatment. Because of the influence of the first reactor on the second one, the approach needs a specific calibration strategy. Firstly, a comparison between measured values and simulated ones obtained with default parameters has been carried out. Simulated values of filtered COD, NH4-N and dissolved oxygen are underestimated and nitrates are overestimated compared with observed data. Thus, nitrifying rate and oxygen transfer into the biofilm are overvalued. Secondly, a sensitivity analysis was carried out for parameters and for COD fractionation. It revealed three classes of sensitive parameters: physical, diffusional and kinetic. Then a calibration protocol of the MBBR dynamic model was proposed. It was successfully tested on data recorded at a pilot-scale plant and a calibrated set of values was obtained for four parameters: the maximum biofilm thickness, the detachment rate, the maximum autotrophic growth rate and the oxygen transfer rate.

Effect of orifice diameter, depth of air injection, and air flow rate on oxygen transfer in a pilot-scale, full lift, hypolimnetic aeratorA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science.

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.I. Ashley ◽  
D.S. Mavinic ◽  
K.J. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Orifice Diameter ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Design Factors

A pilot-scale, full lift, hypolimnetic aerator was used to examine the effect of diffuser pore diameter, depth of diffuser submergence, and gas flow rate on oxygen transfer, using four standard units of measure for quantifying oxygen transfer: (a) KLa20 (h–1), the oxygen transfer coefficient at 20 °C; (b) SOTR (g O2·h–1), the standard oxygen transfer rate; (c) SAE (g O2·kWh–1), the standard aeration efficiency and (d) SOTE (%), the standard oxygen transfer efficiency. Diffuser depth (1.5 and 2.9 m) exerted a significant effect on KLa20, SOTR, SAE, and SOTE, with all units of measure increasing in response to increased diffuser depth. Both KLa20 and SOTR responded positively to increased gas flow rates (10, 20, 30, and 40 L·min–1), whereas both SAE and SOTE responded negatively. Orifice diameter (140, 400, and 800 µm) exerted a significant effect on KLa20, SOTR, SAE, and SOTE, with all units of measure increasing with decreasing orifice size. These experiments demonstrate how competing design factors interact to determine overall oxygen transfer rates in full lift hypolimnetic aeration systems. The practical application for full lift hypolimnetic aerator design is to maximize the surface area of the bubbles, use fine (i.e., ~140 μm) pore diameter diffusers, and locate the diffusers at the maximum practical depth.

Oxygenation performance of a laboratory-scale Speece Cone hypolimnetic aerator: preliminary assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 663-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. Ashley ◽  
D. S. Mavinic ◽  
K. J. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hydraulic Residence Time ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Inlet Velocity ◽  
Outlet Port

A prototype laboratory-scale Speece Cone hypolimnetic aerator was used to examine the effect of oxygen input rate and outlet port water velocity on oxygen transfer, using four standard units of measure for quantifying oxygen transfer: (i) the oxygen transfer coefficient at 20 °C, KLa20 (h–1); (ii) the standard oxygen transfer rate (SOTR) (g O2·h–1); (iii) the standard aeration efficiency (SAE) (g O2 kW·h–1); and (iv) the standard oxygen transfer efficiency (SOTE) (%). The maximum inlet velocity (i.e., 70 cm·s–1) was only 23% of the recommended design velocity (i.e., 305 cm·s–1), and the two-phase bubble swarm did not properly develop inside the cone, but remained as a gas pocket at the top of the cone, resulting in a drastically reduced bubble surface area to water ratio. Therefore, all of the performance measures from this prototype Speece Cone were much lower than would be expected with the recommended design inlet velocity of 305 cm·s−1. Despite this difference, the system was still capable of oxygen transfer efficiencies of about 61%, under low gas flow rates, which is still higher than any full-lift design hypolimnetic aerator operating on air. Future research efforts are focused on building a pilot-scale Speece Cone, with as close to the correct inlet and outlet velocities, hydraulic residence time, and physical dimensions as possible, such that a two-phase bubble swarm could be generated. Once this experimental data is collected and analyzed, it can be properly compared with predictive models.

Evaluation of six aerator modules built on venturi air injectors using clean water test

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1353-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dong ◽  
J. Zhu ◽  
C. F. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
In Series ◽  
Water Test

Six aerator modules constructed using venturi air injectors connected in either series or parallel were evaluated and compared for their oxygen transfer coefficients (OTC), standard oxygen transfer rate (SOTR), and standard oxygenation efficiency (SOE) determined by clean water tests. Modules in series (module a, b, c) included one, two, and three venturi injectors, respectively. The aerator module with two (module d) and three (module e, f) venturi injectors in parallel were used, while module f had less friction and more even flow rate in each line compared with module e. The results showed that the OTC, SOTR, and SOE for the six different module configurations (module a, b, c, d, e, f) were 4.54, 3.79, 3.58, 8.37, 5.93 and 11.87 h−1; 0.10, 0.09, 0.09, 0.18, 0.15, and 0.31 kgO2/h; and 0.07, 0.06, 0.06, 0.12, 0.10, and 0.21 kgO2/kWh, respectively. The observations indicate that a 3-fold increase in SOTR and 3.5-fold increase in SOE can be obtained by simply changing the way that venturi air injectors are connected, which suggests that it is possible to improve the aeration efficiency of a venturi type aeration system by innovative aerator module designs. In view of the situation that the venturi aeration systems currently used for swine manure lagoons need significant improvement in their performance in order to match the cost-effective requirement, more research in aerator module development is needed so that effective control of odor from liquid swine manure lagoons can be achieved at an affordable cost. The technology such developed can also be applied to other livestock species.

Aeration performance of hydrodynamic flow regulators

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2692-2698 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wójtowicz ◽  
M. Szlachta
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Hydrodynamic Flow ◽  
Oxygen Absorption ◽  
Discharge Mode ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aeration Efficiency ◽  
Aeration Performance ◽  
Aeration Capacity

Hydrodynamic flow regulators are used in environmental engineering as a replacement for traditional flow throttling devices. They are extremely efficient, reliable and free from the common disadvantages of traditional devices. Recent research by the authors indicated that the atomization of a liquid by hydrodynamic flow regulators accelerates oxygenation and may be used for improving the quality of wastewater and stormwater. To date, an evaluation of the aeration capacity of a hydrodynamic flow regulator at the pilot scale or in a practical situation has not been presented in the literature. This study presents the experimental results of oxygen absorption tests for conventional and modified cylindrical hydrodynamic flow regulators (patent pending). These devices were tested in a closed-circuit experimental setup at the semi-commercial scale. The aeration efficiency of hydrodynamic flow regulators was assessed by means of the overall standard oxygen transfer coefficient (KLa(20), h−1) and standard oxygen transfer rate (SOTR, gO2/h) for a wide range of tested configurations. The effect of flow rate and discharge mode on the aeration capacity of flow regulators was investigated. The values of KLa(20) for cylindrical hydrodynamic flow regulators obtained in the experiments were between 2.62 and 15.57 h−1 while SOTR values ranged from 53 to 316 gO2/h. The modified discharge mode with two active outlets allowed for an increase in aeration efficiency of up to 15% compared to conventional designs.

Studies on the Overall Oxygen Transfer Rate and Mixing Time in Pilot-Scale Surface Aeration Vessel

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1055-1068
Author(s):  
J. Kang ◽  
C.-H. Lee ◽  
S. Haam ◽  
K. K. Koo ◽  
W.-S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Surface Aeration ◽  
Scale Surface

scholarly journals Oxygen Consumption in Two Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration Systems under Continuous Operation Mode

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3007
Author(s):  
Mercedes Lloréns ◽  
Ana Belén Pérez-Marín ◽  
María Isabel Aguilar ◽  
Juan Francisco Ortuño ◽  
Víctor Francisco Meseguer
Keyword(s):  
Flow Model ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Series ◽  
Treatment Step ◽  
Horizontal Arrangement

In this work, an innovative arrangement of a vertical subsurface flow wastewater infiltration system (SWIS) was studied. The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the oxygen transfer rate (OTR) in two different pilot-scale arrangements of an SWIS. The two pilot plants were composed of four filter beds in series, one with a vertical arrangement of the beds (one over the other) and the other with a horizontal arrangement of the beds (one next to the other). Furthermore, two kinetic models were applied for correlating the COD and NH4+-N concentrations at the inlet and outlet of each treatment step in both pilot plants. The fitting of experimental data to the models allowed the calculation of the areal rate constants. The OTR values obtained were 54.69 g m−2 h−1 and 28.84 g m−2 h−1 for horizontal and vertical arrangement, respectively. These values were considerably higher than those obtained by other authors. The plug flow model describes the behaviour of these SWISs better, and the best fits were achieved for the vertical arrangement. The areal rate constant values obtained in this study were higher than those reported in the bibliography, which indicates a great removal efficiency and therefore lower surface area needed for the treatment.

DISTRIBUTION OF OXYGEN TRANSFER RATE IN STIRRED BIOREACTORS WITH SIMULATED BROTHS

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Cascaval ◽  
Anca-Irina Galaction ◽  
Stefanica Camarut ◽  
Radu Z. Tudose
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Stirred Bioreactors

Estimation of oxygen transfer rate in sequencing batch reactor

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
Y. C. Liao ◽  
D. J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Intermittent Aeration ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Transient Model

Transient model of oxygen transfer rate in a sequencing batch reactor is derived and solved numerically. The dissolved oxygen response under several conditions is analyzed. Effects of operational parameters and liquid bath height are studied. When with short, intermittent aeration periods, the transient effects on oxygen transfer rate may be substantial and should be taken into considerations. An example considering bioreaction is also given.

Heating up trickling filters to tackle cold weather conditions

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Gebert ◽  
P.A. Wilderer
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Trickling Filter ◽  
Biofilm Thickness ◽  
Trickling Filters ◽  
Biofilm Support

The investigated effects of heating the filling material in trickling filters were carried out at the Ingolstadt wastewater treatment plant, Germany. Two pilot scale trickling filters were set up. Heat exchanger pipings were embedded in the filter media of one of these trickling filters, and the temperature in the trickling filter was raised. The other trickling filter was operated under normal temperature conditions, and was used as a control. The results clearly demonstrate that the performance of trickling filters cannot be constantly improved by heating the biofilm support media. A sustained increase of the metabolic rates did not occur. The decrease of the solubility of oxgen in water and mass transfer limitations caused by an increase of the biofilm thickness are the main reasons for that. Thus, the heating of trickling filters (e.g. by waste heat utilization) in order to increase the capacity of trickling filters under cold weather conditions cannot be recommended.

scholarly journals Two-Phase Flow Mass Transfer Analysis of Airlift Pump for Aquaculture Applications

Fluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Rashal Abed ◽  
Mohamed M. Hussein ◽  
Wael H. Ahmed ◽  
Sherif Abdou
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Oxygen Mass Transfer ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Airlift Pump

Airlift pumps can be used in the aquaculture industry to provide aeration while concurrently moving water utilizing the dynamics of two-phase flow in the pump riser. The oxygen mass transfer that occurs from the injected compressed air to the water in the aquaculture systems can be experimentally investigated to determine the pump aeration capabilities. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of various airflow rates as well as the injection methods on the oxygen transfer rate within a dual injector airlift pump system. Experiments were conducted using an airlift pump connected to a vertical pump riser within a recirculating system. Both two-phase flow patterns and the void fraction measurements were used to evaluate the dissolved oxygen mass transfer mechanism through the airlift pump. A dissolved oxygen (DO) sensor was used to determine the DO levels within the airlift pumping system at different operating conditions required by the pump. Flow visualization imaging and particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements were performed in order to better understand the effects of the two-phase flow patterns on the aeration performance. It was found that the radial injection method reached the saturation point faster at lower airflow rates, whereas the axial method performed better as the airflow rates were increased. The standard oxygen transfer rate (SOTR) and standard aeration efficiency (SAE) were calculated and were found to strongly depend on the injection method as well as the two-phase flow patterns in the pump riser.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document