Industrial wastewater platform: upgrading of the biological process and operative configurations for best performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Laura Eusebi ◽  
Alessandro Massi ◽  
Emiliano Sablone ◽  
Martina Santinelli ◽  
Paolo Battistoni
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Phenomenon ◽  
Biological Unit ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Liquid Wastes ◽  
Operative Costs ◽  
Micro Pollutants

The treatment of industrial liquid wastes is placed in a wide context of technologies and is related to the high variability of the influent physical–chemical characteristics. In this condition, the achievement of satisfactory biological unit efficiency could be complicated. An alternate process (AC) with aerobic and anoxic phases fed in a continuous way was evaluated as an operative solution to optimize the performance of the biological reactor in a platform for the treatment of industrial liquid wastes. The process application has determined a stable quality effluent with an average concentration of 25 mg TN L−1, according to the law limits. The use of discharged wastewaters as rapid carbon sources to support the anoxic phase of the alternate cycle, realizes a reduction of TN of 95% without impact on the total operative costs. The evaluation of the micro-pollutants behaviour has highlighted a bio-adsorption phenomenon in the first reactor. The implementation of the process defined 31% of energy saving during period 1 and 19% for the periods 2, 3 and 4.

scholarly journals Identification and Ecophysiological Characterization of Epiphytic Protein-Hydrolyzing Saprospiraceae (“Candidatus Epiflobacter” spp.) in Activated Sludge

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 2229-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Xia ◽  
Yunhong Kong ◽  
Trine Rolighed Thomsen ◽  
Per Halkjær Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
The Family ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

ABSTRACT The identity and ecophysiology of a group of uncultured protein-hydrolyzing epiphytic rods attached to filamentous bacteria in activated sludge from nutrient removal plants were investigated by using the full-cycle rRNA approach combined with microautoradiography and histochemical staining. The epiphytic group consists of three closely related clusters, each containing 11 to 16 clones. The closest related cultured isolate is the type strain Haliscomenobacter hydrossis (ATCC 27775) (<87% similarity) in the family Saprospiraceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes. Oligonucleotide probes at different hierarchical levels were designed for each cluster and used for ecophysiological studies. All three clusters behaved similarly in their physiology and were specialized in protein hydrolysis and used amino acids as energy and carbon sources. They were not involved in denitrification. No storage of polyphosphate and polyhydroxyalkanoates was found. They all colonized probe-defined filamentous bacteria belonging to the phyla Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, and candidate phylum TM7, with the exception of cluster 1, which did not colonize TM7 filaments. The three epiphytic clusters were all widespread in domestic and industrial wastewater treatment plants with or without biological phosphorus removal, constituting, in total, up to 9% of the bacterial biovolume. A new genus, “Candidatus Epiflobacter,” is proposed for this epiphytic group in activated-sludge treatment plants, where it presumably plays an important role in protein degradation.

Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution by Three Plants at Zihu River in Nanjing, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 535 ◽  
pp. 403-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Shen ◽  
Qin Chen ◽  
Kai Mei Zhang ◽  
Yan Ming Fang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract. The concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cr, Cd, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni and Pb) were measured in the water, sediment, and three common plants (Rorippa indica,Rumex acetosaandOrychophragmus violaceus) from Nanjing Forestry University reach of Zihu River, China. Results showed that the toxic threshold values exceeded the upper limits for Cd and Mn in water. In the same way, toxic threshold values exceeded the limitation for As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in sediment. Overproof Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were also found in rhizosphere soil. Average concentration of Zn was higher in sediment, followed by Mn in both water and rhizosphere soil. It was found that heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, As and Zn) in water may be mainly derived from metal processing, electroplating industries, industrial wastewater, and domestic sewage. Positive correlation was observed between As and Cu, As and Ni, Cr and Pb, Cu and Ni, Pb and Zn in water. Moreover, significant positive correlations between Ni and As were observed. Preliminary judgment showed that sediment has a depuration effect on As, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and Zn in water, according to correlation coefficients of water and sediment. Comparing the relations between sediment and rhizosphere soil, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the rhizosphere soil were mainly from the sediment, and Mn was mainly from water. Three plants played active roles on enrichment of As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, particularly, Zn and Mn can be accumulated to higher concentration in these three plants. As content in rhizosphere soil was found to be lower than sediment, indicating As was most absorbed by the plants. Thus, three plants were playing a potential role in environment inductors.

UTILIZATION OF SOLID OR LIQUID WASTES IN AGRICULTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Aman Kumar Gupta ◽  
Alice Minj ◽  
Dipak Yadav ◽  
Anuj Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Liquid Wastes

Now-days increasing solid or liquid wastes are major problems in developing country therefore utilization of all these wastes are required because of its impact on the environment and as well as on agriculture. These wastes are decomposed and stabilized through composting, vermicomposting, anaerobic digestion, recycling and reuse. Solid wastes act as an organic fertilizer, nutrient supplier, and media for nursery and also helps in improving the physical, chemical and microbiological activity in agricultural soils. Reuse of wastewater helps in reducing water crisis in agriculture. Poultry wastes are used as organic fertilizer, feed for livestock, biogas production, products for commercial purposes.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of P-nitro phenol using a novel bacterium Achromobacter denitrifacians isolated from industrial effluent water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreeja Mole S. S ◽  
D. S. Vijayan ◽  
M. Anand ◽  
M. Ajona ◽  
T. Jarin
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation

Abstract In the present investigation, Achromobacter denitrifacians was isolated from industrial wastewater and used in the degradation of para nitro-phenol. Experiments were made as a function of different carbon sources, organic and inorganic nitrogen sources and metal ions to analyse the removal efficiency of para nitro-phenol present in the industrial wastewater sources. Observations revealed that the rate of phenol biodegradation was significantly affected by pH, temperature of incubation, glucose, peptone and metal ion concentration. The optimal conditions for phenol removal was found to be pH of 7.5, temperature, 35 °C and 0.25 gL−1 supplemented glucose level, 0.25 gL−1 supplemented peptone level, and 0.01 gL−1 zinc ion. The key importance of the present study is the utilization of native bacterial strain isolated from the industrial effluent water itself having an impending role in the bioremediation process of phenol.

scholarly journals Possible applications of ferrate(VI) in the treatment of industrial wastewater effluent in the laboratory

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Nikolic-Bujanovic ◽  
Milan Cekerevac ◽  
Milena Tomic ◽  
Mladen Zdravkovic
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Wastewater Effluent ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
High Chemical Oxygen Demand

This paper shows the effects of ferrate(VI) application in the treatment of industrial wastewater effluent in laboratory conditions. Samples used are a mixture of wastewater effluent from various industrial plants whose composition was determined by analyzing samples before the ferrate(VI) treatment. Determining physical-chemical characteristics of the samples showed very high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the concentrations of individual pollutants are higher than the maximum allowed. In the tested samples, the COD was from 18 (sample 1) to 580 times (sample 2) greater than allowed (allowed 45 - 150 mg/l), while the concentrations of certain metals were several times higher than allowed (Cu allowed 0,1 mg/l, Zn allowed 0,2 mg/l). Also, a high concentration of total phosphorus content (allowed 2 mg/l) and fluoride was found (allowed 20 mg/l), 2-3 times higher than permissible. The applied Na2FeO4 was synthesized by electrochemical method and applied in situ. Physical-chemical testing of samples, after treatment with different amounts (2, 5, 8, and 10 ml) of Na2FeO4, concentration of 8 g/l showed that ferrate(VI) can be used as a multifunctional agent in the purification of industrial wastewater, where in the amount of contaminating matter is reduced below the maximum permitted level. It was demonstrated the high efficiency of ferrate(VI) as a strong oxidant in the removal of total P and suspended materials. Also pointed out was the high sorption power of the generated ferric(III)hydroxide, which with its developed surface absorbs 95,5% of the F- and removes it from the solution in the form of sludge. Showed a high efficiency of ferrate(VI) in the total removal of P (70 to 99,5%), and F- (89 to 95,5%), but depending on the presence of the total COD value or the presence of the total organic substances. At high values of the COD major part of ferrate(VI) is consumed in the oxidation of organic material and the formation of Fe(OH)3, which accelerate the process of decomposition of ferrate(VI), which contributes to lower the efficiency of the removal of P and F-.

scholarly journals Review on BOD/COD Ratio Toxicity to Daphnia magna, Artemia salina and Brachydanio rerio

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Latifa Mirzatika Al-Rosyid ◽  
Harmin Sulistiyaning Titah ◽  
Irwan Bagyo Santoso ◽  
Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Brachydanio Rerio ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Freshwater Biota ◽  
Paper Review

This paper review research works on BOD/COD ratio toxicity to three bioindicators, namely: Daphnia magna, Artemia salina, and Brachydanio rerio. Treatment methods are divided into natural, biological, physical, chemical, combined treatment, and phytotechnology for various types of processing operations such as municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants, various effluent treatment, landfill leachate, and organic matter. A. salina shows the lowest toxicity value of the BOD/COD ratio and shows it can withstand processing conditions that are not biodegradable. Then followed by B. rerio and D. magna. Furthermore, the disposal limits are standardized for the protection of freshwater biota. In addition, it must be considered whether there is any other potential of disposal into the receiving environment, and if so, what form of disposal and how much, to protect the biota.

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