Comparative and integrative environmental assessment of advanced wastewater treatment processes based on an average removal of pharmaceuticals

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elorri Igos ◽  
Enrico Benetto ◽  
Silvia Venditti ◽  
Christian Köhler ◽  
Alex Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Decentralized Treatment ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Pharmaceuticals are normally barely removed by conventional wastewater treatments. Advanced technologies as a post-treatment, could prevent these pollutants reaching the environment and could be included in a centralized treatment plant or, alternatively, at the primary point source, e.g. hospitals. In this study, the environmental impacts of different options, as a function of several advanced treatments as well as the centralized/decentralized implementation options, have been evaluated using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. In previous publications, the characterization of the toxicity of pharmaceuticals within LCA suffers from high uncertainties. In our study, LCA was therefore only used to quantify the generated impacts (electricity, chemicals, etc.) of different treatment scenarios. These impacts are then weighted by the average removal rate of pharmaceuticals using a new Eco-efficiency Indicator EFI. This new way of comparing the scenarios shows significant advantages of upgrading a centralized plant with ozonation as the post-treatment. The decentralized treatment option reveals no significant improvement on the avoided environmental impact, due to the comparatively small pollutant load coming from the hospital and the uncertainties in the average removal of the decentralized scenarios. When comparing the post-treatment technologies, UV radiation has a lower performance than both ozonation and activated carbon adsorption.

Influence de la température sur le rendement des filtres au charbon activé biologique

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 820-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Letendre ◽  
Raymond Desjardins ◽  
Line Fortin ◽  
Pierre Lafranche ◽  
François G. Brière
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Biological Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Start Up

To evaluate the performance of the biological activated carbon filters at the Sainte-Rose water treatment plant in Ville de Laval (Québec), water and carbon samples were taken over a period of 150 days. Sampling began 1 year after filter start-up. The filters were then in a pseudo-equilibrium state. During winter, the removal rate of organic material is reduced because of lower water temperatures which affect bacterial activity. Bacterial density in the upper layers of the filter is influenced by temperature variations. During the warm season, bacteria counts are higher in the upper layer of the carbon, in the filter effluent, and in the backwash water. For equal carbon masses, bituminous carbon and peat-based extruded carbon have similar removal rates. However, for equal volumes, bituminous carbon is more efficient. Key words: biological activated carbon, adsorption, filtration, drinking water, organic matter.

scholarly journals Comparison of Coal-, Coconut-, and Wood-Based Activated Carbons for Removal of Organic Matters in Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
Eunkwang Kwon ◽  
Soohyung Park ◽  
Wontae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Publicly Owned Treatment Works ◽  
Carbon Adsorption

Objectives : This study investigated the removal of dissolved organic materials by coal-, coconut-, and wood-based activated carbons to assess the addition of an activated carbon process to a publicly owned treatment works (POTW).Methods : We assessed the removal of total organic carbon (TOC) by each process in the POTW, and examined the removal of TOC and UVA254 upon adding different amounts of coal-, coconut- and wood-based activated carbons (50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/L) with various contact time (10, 20, 30, 60, 120 min).Results and Discussion : Approximately 80% of TOC was removed throughout the POTW compared to the influent. The activated carbon adsorption tests of coagulated wastewater revealed that the removal rate of TOC and UVA254 from coal-based activated carbon was higher than those of coconut-based and wood-based activated carbons. The removal rate of dissolved organic materials was highest in ozone treated wastewater in all types of activated carbons, followed by ultraviolet disinfected wastewater and coagulated wastewater.Conclusions : It was possible to remove an additional 35-55% of dissolved organic materials upon addition of activated carbon to the treated wastewater although the removal depends on the material of the activated carbon, the injection amount, and the contact time. If an activated carbon process is adopted to the POTW, it can meet the effluent water quality standards (TOC).

Evaluation of the alternative treatment processes to upgrade an Opium alkaloid wastewater treatment plant

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Sevimli ◽  
A.F. Aydin ◽  
Ì. Öztürk ◽  
H.Z. Sarikaya
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Opium Alkaloid

The aim of this study is to characterize the wastewater from an opium alkaloid processing plant and to evaluate alternative treatment techniques to upgrade an existing full-scale biological activated sludge treatment plant having problems of high residual COD and unacceptable dark brown color. In this content firstly, long term operational records of the two stage aerobic activated sludge treatment plant of the opium alkaloid factory located in Afyon province of Turkiye were evaluated. The operating results for the last three years were statistically analyzed and median and 95-percentile values were determined for the parameters including chemical and biological oxygen demand (COD and BOD5) and treatment efficiencies. Specific wastewater generation was found as 6.7 m3 per ton of the opium capsule processed. In the following stage of the study, three additional treatment processes were experimentally tested: anaerobic pretreatment, post treatment of aerobically treated effluents with lime and ozone. Pilot scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASBR) experiments have demonstrated that about 70 percent of the incoming COD can be removed anaerobically. Chemical treatability studies with lime for the aerobically treated effluent have shown that about 78 percent color and 46 percent COD removals can be obtained with lime dosage of 25 gl−1. Post treatment of the effluents of the existing two stage aerobic treatment with ozone also resulted in significant color and COD reduction.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of organic matter-degrading bacteria from coking wastewater treatment plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1517-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riqiang Li ◽  
Jianxing Wang ◽  
Hongjiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Coking Wastewater ◽  
Naphthalene Degradation ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Abstract As a step toward bioaugmentation of coking wastewater treatment 45 bacteria strains were isolated from the activated sludge of a coking wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Three strains identified as Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas synxantha, and Pseudomonas pseudoaligenes exhibited high dehydrogenase activity which indicates a strong ability to degrade organic matter. Subsequently all three strains showed high naphthalene degradation abilities. Naphthalene is a refractory compound often found in coking wastewater. For B. cereus and P. synxantha the maximum naphthalene removal rates were 60.4% and 79.8%, respectively, at an initial naphthalene concentration of 80 mg/L, temperature of 30 °C, pH of 7, a bacteria concentration of 15% (V/V), and shaking speed of 160 r/min. For P. pseudoaligenes, the maximum naphthalene removal rate was 77.4% under similar conditions but at 35 °C.

scholarly journals PERENCANAAN INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK DENGAN KOMBINASI UNIT BIOFILTER AEROBIK DAN ADSORPSI KARBON AKTIF KANTOR PUSAT PT.PERTAMINA MARKETING OPERATION REGION (MOR) V SURABAYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridlo Barkah Jembar Pinanggih ◽  
Dyah Ratri Nurmaningsih ◽  
Sulistiya Nengse ◽  
Teguh Taruna Utama ◽  
Abdul Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Marketing Operation

Permasalahan air limbah di Indonesia merupakan isu pencemaran lingkungan yang strategis dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan, baik yang bersumber dari pemukiman penduduk maupun unit usaha perkantoran. Tingginya kandungan organik terlarut di dalam air limbah dapat menyebabkan penurunan intesitas masuknya cahaya matahari yang dibutuhkan oleh mikroorganisme fotosintetik dan berdampak pada penurunan kualitas badan air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu merencankan pembangunan unit Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) domestik di Kantor Pusat PT. Pertamina Marketing Operation Region (MOR) V Surabaya dengan menggunakan kombinasi unit biofilter aerobik dan adsorpsi karbon aktif beserta perhitungan volume bangunan dan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) yang dibutuhkan. Teknologi pengolahan ini dipilih karena memiliki keunggulan dalam meremoval kadar pencemar organik dengan tingkat efisiensi yang tinggi dan kebutuhan lahan yang tidak terlalu luas. Metode penelitian menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari data perusahaan berupa debit pemakaian air bersih, layout kantor, data kualitas air limbah, serta informasi lain yang terkait dengan perencanaan. Hasil penelitian yang didapat berupa gambar desain (DED) unit IPAL, dimensi total bangunan pengolah seluas 34m2(P=17m dan L=2m), spesifikasi bahan yang digunakan, serta rencana anggaran biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk pembangunan kontruksi unit IPAL yaitu sebesar Rp243.136.020,00. Perencanaan ini juga ditunjang dengan panduan dalam operasional dan perawatan unit IPAL.  Kata kunci: Adsorpsi karbon aktif, air limbah domestik, biofilter aerobik, desain IPAL. The problem of wastewater in Indonesia is a strategic issue of environmental pollution in sustainable development, both sourced from residential areas and office business units. The high dissolved organic content in wastewater can cause a decrease in the intensity of sunlight needed by photosynthetic microorganisms and have an impact on the quality of water bodies. The purpose of this study is to plan the construction of a domestic Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) at the Head Office of PT. Pertamina Marketing Operation Region (MOR) V Surabaya using a combination of aerobic biofilter units and activated carbon adsorption along with the calculation of building volume and the required Budget Plan. This processing technology was chosen because it has advantages in renovating organic pollutant levels with a high level of efficiency and land requirements that are not too broad. The research method uses secondary data obtained from company data in the form of debit of clean water usage, office layout, waste water quality data, and other information related to planning. The results obtained in the form of design drawings (DED) of WWTP units, the total dimensions of the processing plant area of 34m2 (P = 17m and L = 2m), as well as the material specifications used, as well as the budget plan required for the construction of WWTP unit construction is Rp243. 136,020.00. This planning is also supported by guidelines in the operation and maintenance of WWTP units. Keywords: Activated carbon adsorption, aerobic biofilter, domestic wastewater, WWTP design.

Type, Sources, Methods and Treatment of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poslet Shumbula ◽  
Collet Maswanganyi ◽  
Ndivhuwo Shumbula
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Synthetic Organic Chemical ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Living Organisms

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which are synthetic organic chemical compounds, either intentionally or unintentionally produced, have widely aroused public concern in recent years. These chemicals are toxic and major environmental concern due to their persistence, long range transportability, bioaccumulation and potentially adverse effects on living organisms. Uncontrolled inputs combined with poor environmental management often result in elevated levels of persistent organic pollutants in affected estuaries. Since the Stockholm Convention on POPs was adopted, different techniques have been extensively developed. A major focus revealed the need for low cost methods that can be implemented easily in developing countries such as electrochemical techniques. Persistent organic pollutants are known to be resistant to conventional treatment methods such as flocculation, coagulation, filtration and oxidant chemical treatment. However, various advanced wastewater treatment technologies such as, activated carbon adsorption, biodegradation using membrane bioreactor and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been applied in the treatment of POPs.

Microwave-Ferrous Sulfate Modified Activated Carbon Adsorption Study on Phosphorus Removal

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 2149-2152
Author(s):  
Ya Feng Li ◽  
Chun Fei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Treated Effluent

Using microwave-ferrous sulfate modified activated carbon adsorption manner to remove the high concentration of phosphorus in wastewater. The power of microwavethe concentration of ferrous sulfate and reaction time on phosphorus removal were studied. When the power of microwave was 425W,the concentration of ferrous sulfate was 0.1mol/L,reaction time was 50 min,the removal rate of TP reaches 95.67%,the treated effluent TP can be dropped to 0.48mg/L,the TP can reaches the first effluent standard of TP in the comprehensive wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996).Microwave-ferrous sulfate modified activated carbon is adapted to treat high concentration phosphorus in the wastewater.

Reality or myth: “Advanced wastewater treatment technologies cannot be cost competitive with conventional treatment processes”

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali R. Ahmadi Motlagh ◽  
Stephen Lacy ◽  
Madan Arora ◽  
Jim Ross ◽  
Jeff Misenhimer
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Two Alternatives

With shortage of water becoming a major concern in many areas, use of recycled water is a necessity for a growing number of municipalities. This paper describes a case study in which two alternatives were considered for upgrading an existing wastewater treatment plant with the goal of producing recycled water. The first alternative consisted of conventional secondary and tertiary unit processes while the second alternative included the advanced treatment technology of membrane bioreactor (MBR). Also, two alternatives were evaluated for disinfection of recycled water; chlorine gas and UV system. The more advanced treatment technologies (MBR + UV), which produce the higher quality recycled water, resulted in higher cost. The paper discusses the design and project execution approaches as how the more expensive advanced treatment processes were made cost competitive with the conventional treatment processes.

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