Protein analysis as a measure of active biomass in activated sludge

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1483-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yücesoy ◽  
N. Lüdemann ◽  
H. Lucas ◽  
J. Tan ◽  
M. Denecke
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Uptake Rate ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Lowry Method ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
The Relationship

Conventional methods to determine the biomass in activated sludge are the measurement of total suspended solids (TSS) and volatile suspended solids (VSS). Such methods do not distinguish between active biomass and inactive organic material. In this study, biomass was determined with both conventional methods and also through measuring the protein content with the modified Lowry method. In order to investigate the relationship between activity and biomass concentration in terms of TSS, VSS and protein content, some starvation experiments were conducted. It was found that the protein fraction of VSS differs under different starvation conditions. The biological activity of the activated sludge was measured as oxygen uptake rate (OUR). The strongest correlation could be measured between protein and OUR under various conditions. The results show that protein is an appropriate parameter for the measurement of the biological activity.

The Relationship between SOUR and some Process Parameters in Activated Sludge System

2012 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Feng Wang ◽  
Yu Gui Jia ◽  
Dan Li
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Oxygen Uptake Rate ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
The Status ◽  
Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR), which reveals the status of activated sludge physiology and substrate metabolism by detecting respiration rate of microorganisms, is an important parameter reflecting the biological activity of activated sludge. Through the measurement of SOUR in SBR system, the SOUR variation and the correlation between SOUR and pollutant concentrations and control parameters in SBR process were studied. The result showed that SOUR can effectively reflect the biochemical reaction course of SBR process. There was better correlation between the SOUR and DO, ORP and pH in SBR process.

Influence of microbial activity on polar xenobiotic degradation in activated sludge systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 701-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Majewsky ◽  
T. Gallé ◽  
L. Zwank ◽  
K. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Xenobiotic Degradation ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

The influence of activated sludge quality on the co-metabolic biodegradation of three aminopolycarboxyl acids was investigated for a variety of Luxembourg sewage treatment plants. A combination of biodegradation experiments and respirometric techniques are presented as a reliable approach for the estimation of biokinetics and biological xenobiotic degradation rates that allow for identification of governing parameters such as microbial activity and active biomass. Results showed that biokinetics and degradation rates vary greatly between different plants. The fraction of active biomass on the total suspended solids ranged between 16.9 and 53.7%. Xenobiotic biodegradation rates correlated with microbial activity suggesting a relationship with WWTP performance for carbon and nutrient removal. The biokinetic information can be used to increase the prediction accuracy of xenobiotics removal by individual WWTPs.

Respirometric assessment of biodegradation characteristics of the scientific pitfalls of wastewaters

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Orhon ◽  
G. Insel ◽  
O. Karahan
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake Rate ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Relevant Model ◽  
Simultaneous Observation ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Identifiability Problems ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Model Dependency ◽  
Model Components

This paper provides an overview of common problems encountered when using oxygen uptake rate (OUR) measurements for the assessment of wastewater characteristics and process kinetics. Emphasis is placed upon pitfalls that would lead to significant errors. It covers model dependency of the OUR measurements and the need to select appropriate models; interpretation of OUR perturbations as a way to identify new model components and processes; the need for simultaneous observation of relevant model components and multicomponent modelling for appropriate evaluation of OUR measurements; parameter identifiability problems and the effect of active biomass concentration and the endogenous decay rate on model simulation and calibration. Relevant experimental OUR data from previous studies are presented to illustrate and underline common scientific pitfalls.

MONITORING OF THE MAXIMUM RESPIRATION RATE

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-288
Author(s):  
Henri Spanjers ◽  
Hardy Temmink ◽  
Abraham Klapwijk
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Wastewater Sample ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Respiration Chamber ◽  
Measuring Period ◽  
Influent Flow

The maximum respiration rate is useful for estimating the active biomass concentration and detecting toxic effects on the activated sludge. In this paper we describe a method for continuously measuring the maximum respiration rate of sludge in an activated sludge plant. The method is based on the continuous addition of wastewater into sludge flowing through a respiration chamber. The measurement is verified, at regular intervals, by stepwise increasing the wastewater sample flow to the respiration chamber whilst recording the respiration rate. The results of a measuring period at a pilot plant are presented. The influent flow to this plant was varied according to a square wave pattern with a period of 12 hours. The maximum respiration rate was monitored and during each period the measurement was verified. The verifications show that the wastewater sample flow applied was sufficiently high to attain saturation with respect to the substrate concentration. It was concluded that in both periods the maximum respiration rate was really measured. The experiment was repeated several times during another measuring period. It was found that saturation was not always achieved at the wastewater sample flow applied and thus the maximum respiration rate was not measured in these cases. Explanations are given and suggestions for improvement of the measurement are provided.

scholarly journals FENTON OXIDATION AS A STRATEGY TO PRESERVE THE BIOMASS IN THE ACTIVATED SLUDGE SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Lucila Inés Doumic ◽  
Maria Esperanza Almeida ◽  
Giuliana Giulietti ◽  
Maria A. Ayude ◽  
Ana Micaela Ferro Orozco
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Feasible Alternative ◽  
Pre Treatment

Wastewaters containing biocides constitute an increasing environmental pollution concern. In this work, the feasibility of implementing a pre-treatment based on the Fenton process to minimize the negative impact of biocide compounds, such as benzalkonium chlorides (BAC), on the activated sludge system was studied. The behavior of the microbial community in the presence of a BAC solution untreated (BAC100) or pre-treated by homogeneous Fenton oxidation (BAC100/HF) was analyzed. The addition of BAC100 to the activated sludge system caused a deleterious effect. The cellular lysis process caused a 30% decrease in biomass concentration. The inhibition of respiratory activity was 73%. In contrast, BAC100/HF caused no significant decrease in the biomass concentration or detectable inhibition of the respiratory activity. Besides, the consumption of easily oxidizable products was observed. Results indicated that the homogeneous Fenton process as a pre-treatment of wastewaters containing BAC could become a feasible alternative to protect active biomass in biological treatment systems.

Biological Nitrification in an Up Flow Fixed Bed Reactor (UFBR)

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 795-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
G-M Faup ◽  
A Leprince ◽  
M Pannier
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Total N ◽  
Special Examination

This paper describes a kinetic model for ammonification and nitrification in an upflow fixed bed reactor (UFBR) with direct injection of air into the support material. Modeling has been based on the computation of active biomass concentration along the reactor. The tests, which extended over a period of one year and have been applied to municipal sewage after conventional treatment using activated sludge, have shown that the filtration rate is the most important factor as regards both the overall quantity of biomass found in the system and the distribution of this biomass within the reactor. The optimum quantity of biomass is obtained with a filtration rate of around 5 m3.m2.hr. Under these conditions, it is then possible to reach active biomass concentrations 8 to 9 times higher than the ones found in conventional processes based on the use of nitrifying activated sludge. It is also clearly evidenced that ammonification will, in most cases, be incomplete and this will limit the efficiency of the overall reaction Total N → NO3−. Other parameters also greatly influence the process : among these parameters, the influence of the ratio air process rate/influent rate has been the subject of special examination.

Real time control of a combined UASB-activated sludge wastewater treatment configuration

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 279-287
Author(s):  
C.M. Polito-Braga ◽  
M. von Sperling ◽  
A.R. Braga ◽  
R.T. Pena
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Solids Concentration

This paper presents a combined wastewater treatment configuration composed by an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor followed by an Activated Sludge (AS) system. A control strategy has been developed for this innovative (especially for domestic sewage) treatment configuration and tested in a real pilot-scale system called STEPAA – Wastewater Treatment System by Anaerobic and Aerobic Processes. The proposed UASB–AS control strategy, including fault detection and recovery, and its successful implementation in real time is presented. This novel control strategy was developed to keep the final effluent suspended solids concentration in the range specified by the State environmental agency, in spite of incoming load disturbances. The control strategy is based on two cascaded PI (Proportional + Integral) controllers, which manipulates the recycling rate into the AS-reactor to control the effluent suspended solids concentration. A 2-dimensional nonlinear mapping (an empirical look-up table), which gives the sludge waste rate as a function of the influent flowrate and AS-reactor biomass concentration, is used to keep the AS-reactor biomass concentration in a range that guarantees a good substrate removal without inconveniences to the AS-settler operation (and consequently to the solids removal). Experimental results are provided to demonstrate the system performance.

Behaviour of Mechanically Blended Return-Sludge in Absence of Substrate

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-54
Author(s):  
Shyam D. Bokil ◽  
Jatinder K. Bewtra
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Waring Blender ◽  
Settling Characteristics

Abstract Nine sets of batch experiments, each of ten to twelve days duration, were conducted in the laboratory on return-sludge samples collected from activated sludge treatment plant at Windsor. The thickened sludge samples were blended daily in a waring blender and were continuously aerated in twelve-litres capacity jars. Parallel runs were made on control sludge samples which were not blended. Amongst the parameters varied were the speed and frequency of blending and the aeration rate. The effects of these variables on progressive bio-degradation of volatile suspended solids and the settling characteristics of the sludge were determined. Blended sludge showed significant improvement in the rate of bio-degradation and its settling characteristics as compared to the control unblended sludge

Role of Glycogen as an Intracellular Carbon Reserve of Activated Sludge in the Competitive Growth of Filamentous and Non-Filamentous Bacteria

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 899-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Matsuzawa ◽  
T. Mino
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Competitive Growth ◽  
Maximum Capacity ◽  
Intermittent Feeding ◽  
Feeding Type ◽  
Continuous Feeding ◽  
The Relationship

Activated sludge mixed cultures were cultivated with a glucose containing substrate in order to investigate the relationship between the feeding pattern (continuous or intermittent feeding) and the glycogen reservation capacity of activated sludge. An experimental method to measure the maximum capacity of glycogen reservation in the sludge was developed. Sludge with higher glycogen reservation capacity has an ability to synthesize glycogen faster, which ensures the higher glucose uptake. Therefore, sludge which has high glycogen reservation capacity becomes predominant in intermittently fed reactors. When the feeding pattern was changed from continuous feeding to intermittent feeding, a filamentous bacterium, Type 1701, started to decrease and a gram positive tetrad coccus became predominant. When the feeding pattern was returned to continuous feeding, Type 1701 re-appeared. Type 1701 has lower glycogen reservation capacity than the tetrad coccus. Therefore, the former cannot dominate over the latter in intermittently fed reactors.

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