Element patterns for particulate matter in stormwater effluent

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 3013-3019 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. David ◽  
P. Krebs ◽  
D. Borchardt ◽  
W. von Tümpling
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Element Pattern ◽  
The Town ◽  
Receiving Water

Particulate matter in stormwater deteriorates the quality of receiving water and sediment. Characterization of stormwater particulate matter by means of its particle-associated element pattern provides an aid to determining its impact on receiving surface waters. During a 6 month measurement campaign, we determined particle-associated concentrations of major pollutants and rare earths for three combined water/stormwater outlets in the town of Staßfurt. We differentiated the particle-associated constituents on the basis of a hierarchical cluster analysis. Repeating the cluster analysis on random subsets, we gained information about the variability of the element patterns between and within the sites. In general, constituents associated with sewage and sewer sediment behave differently compared with constituents associated with runoff. The degree to which associations can be established for element patterns from site to site is limited by the variability encountered within sample sets taken from individual sites. The latter variability depends on the complexity of the catchment.

scholarly journals A Methodology Based on FT-IR Data Combined with Random Forest Model to Generate Spectralprints for the Characterization of High-Quality Vinegars

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
José Luis P. Calle ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Ana Ruiz-Rodríguez ◽  
Gerardo F. Barbero ◽  
José Á. Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Ft Ir

Sherry wine vinegar is a Spanish gourmet product under Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). Before a vinegar can be labeled as Sherry vinegar, the product must meet certain requirements as established by its PDO, which, in this case, means that it has been produced following the traditional solera and criadera ageing system. The quality of the vinegar is determined by many factors such as the raw material, the acetification process or the aging system. For this reason, mainly producers, but also consumers, would benefit from the employment of effective analytical tools that allow precisely determining the origin and quality of vinegar. In the present study, a total of 48 Sherry vinegar samples manufactured from three different starting wines (Palomino Fino, Moscatel, and Pedro Ximénez wine) were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data were combined with unsupervised exploratory techniques such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), as well as other nonparametric supervised techniques, namely, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), for the characterization of the samples. The HCA and PCA results present a clear grouping trend of the vinegar samples according to their raw materials. SVM in combination with leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) successfully classified 100% of the samples, according to the type of wine used for their production. The RF method allowed selecting the most important variables to develop the characteristic fingerprint (“spectralprint”) of the vinegar samples according to their starting wine. Furthermore, the RF model reached 100% accuracy for both LOOCV and out-of-bag (OOB) sets.

scholarly journals Typology, Structural Characterization and Sustainability of Integrated Broiler Farming System in Epirus, Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13084
Author(s):  
Vassilios Dotas ◽  
Dimitrios Gourdouvelis ◽  
Lampros Hatzizisis ◽  
Ioannis Kaimakamis ◽  
Ioannis Mitsopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Large Farms ◽  
Farm Types

The aim of this study was the detailed characterization of the existing zootechnical and financial management applied in broiler poultry farms in the Region of Epirus, Greece. The current situation was captured through the formation of a typology on the structural characterization of broiler farming system. The variables were recorded based on data from a stratified random sample according to Neyman’s methodology of 110 poultry farms. In the typology, hierarchical cluster analysis was applied to identify differences between farms and to support most of this differentiation. Chebyshev distance was used to maximize the effect of the cluster elements distance, as well as Ward’s clustering method, which aims to achieve greater homogeneity within the clusters. Bonferroni multiple comparison tests were used to evaluate the differences. Four clusters of different farm types were identified from the hierarchical cluster analysis. In conclusion, the production system of broiler farms in Epirus is intensive, especially in large farms that have made significant investments in fixed capital and implement successful management. However, the poultry sector in Epirus has further margin for improvement in both its productivity and profitability.

scholarly journals Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Used to Fingerprint Five Wild-Grown Edible Mushrooms (Boletaceae) Collected from Yunnan, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Tianwei Yang ◽  
Yuanzhong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Nowadays, wild-grown edible mushrooms which are natural, nutritious, and healthy get more and more popular by large consumers. In this paper, UV spectra of different Boletaceae mushrooms with the aid of partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were shown to be a practical and rapid method for discrimination purpose. The specimens of Boletus edulis, Boletus ferrugineus, Boletus tomentipes, Leccinum rugosiceps, and Xerocomus sp. were described based on the UV spectra. From the results, all the specimens were characterized by strong absorption at the wavelengths of 274 and 284 nm and showed the shoulder at 296 nm. However, changes could be seen in the peak heights at the same wavelength for different samples. After analyzing by chemometrics, visual discrimination among samples was presented and the relationships among them were also obtained. This study showed that UV spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods could be used successfully as a simple and effective approach for characterization of these five wild-grown edible mushrooms at species and genus levels. Meanwhile, this rapid and simple methodology could also provide reference for the discrimination of edible mushrooms.

scholarly journals Features of recording practices and communication during nursing handover: a cluster analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Rikos ◽  
Manolis Linardakis ◽  
Michael Rovithis ◽  
Anastas Philalithis
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Nursing Clinical Practice ◽  
Evidence Based Nursing

ABSTRACT Objective: To record and identify the characteristics of nursing handovers in a tertiary hospital. Method: Observational study. Twenty-two nurses participated in 11 nursing handovers in 2015/16, using a recorded audio system and an unstructured observation form. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed. Results: Thirty characteristics were identified. The nursing handovers were based on the clinical status of patients, and all nurses obtained specialized scientific knowledge specific to the clinical environment. The information used was not based on nursing diagnoses and not in accordance with best nursing clinical practice. The following four clusters emerged among the 30 characteristics: 1) the use of evidence-based nursing practice, 2) the nonuse of evidence-based nursing practice and its correlation with strained psychological environment, 3) patient management and the clinical skills/knowledge of nurses, and 4) handover content, quality of information transferred and specialization. Conclusion: Multiple characteristics were observed. The majority of characteristics were grouped based on common features, and 4 main clusters emerged. The investigation and understanding of structural relations between these characteristics and their respective clusters may lead to an improvement in the quality of nursing health care services.

scholarly journals Aplicação do protocolo de avaliação rápida (par) na caracterização da qualidade ambiental de trechos do Rio Piumhi, Minas Gerais - Brasil

ForScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e00968
Author(s):  
Eline dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
Júlia Helena Passos Veloso ◽  
Hygor Aristides Victor Rossoni
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Rapid Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Protocol ◽  
Water And Sediment

Nas últimas décadas, os ecossistemas aquáticos têm sido alterados de maneira significativa. Diante disso, faz-se necessária a conservação dos recursos hídricos. O objetivo deste trabalho é estimar a qualidade ambiental do Rio Piumhi, que já sofreu transposição de suas águas, por meio de protocolo de avaliação rápida das características da água e sedimentos, situação e estado de conservação das margens, matas ciliares, cobertura vegetal e presença de erosão e assoreamento. A aplicação do protocolo gera empoderamento da sociedade quanto à gestão dos recursos hídricos. O protocolo com treze parâmetros foi aplicado em seis locais sujeitos às atividades humanas, na qual foram atribuídas pontuações. Foi possível constatar que três dos seis locais analisados se encontraram em boa, um em ótima e dois em regular condição. A maior parte dos locais apresentou cobertura vegetal nativa degradada, sendo urgente a preservação desse curso hídrico. Palavras-chave: Rio Piumhi. Protocolo de avaliação rápida. Bacia hidrográfica. Application of the rapid evaluation protocol (rep) on the characterization of the environmental quality of the Rio Piumhi sections, Minas Gerais - Brazil Abstract In recent decades, aquatic ecosystems have changed significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to conserve water resources. The objective of this work is to estimate the environmental quality of the Piumhi River, which has already undergone transposition of its waters, by means of a rapid evaluation protocol of water and sediment characteristics, situation and state of conservation of banks, riparian forests, vegetation cover and presence of erosion and siltation. The application of the protocol generates the empowerment of society regarding the management of water resources. The protocol with thirteen parameters was applied in six locations subject to human activities, in which scores were assigned. It was possible to verify that three of the six places analyzed were in good condition, one in excellent condition and two in regular condition. Most of the locations had degraded native vegetation cover, making it imperative to preserve this water course Keywords: Piumhi River. Rapid evaluation protocol. Watershed.

scholarly journals IRAP variability in Prunus domestica (L.) borkh based on Cassandra retrotransposon polymorphism

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 989-1000
Author(s):  
Slavomíra Senková ◽  
Jana Ziarovská ◽  
Eloy Fernández ◽  
Danka Boseľová ◽  
Milan Bezo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Genomic Variability ◽  
Plum Varieties ◽  
Insertional Polymorphism

Plum species are reported to possess a wide genomic variability and that is why DNA markers are still actual in the characterization of its germlasm. In this study, twenty-three genotypes of European plums were assessed for the amplified length based polymorphism among the retrotransposon Cassandra insertions in their genomes. The obtained insertional polymorphism caused by the activity of Cassandra showed regional and pedigree differences in the analysed accessions of European plums. Two primers were used in analysis. The first resulted in the amplification in 203 amplicons and the 86.6 % polymorphism. Two unique fragments were obtained for the Torysa and Podol?nec varieties using this primer. The second primer resulted in the amplification in 267 amplicons and 74.2 % polymorphism. Four unique fragments were obtained for the plum varieties Svestka dom?c?, Cacansk? rann? and Elena. Hierarchical cluster analysis divided the analysed accessions into the four main clusters. To show the length polymorphism diferences of the analysed genotypes from Germany, Slovakia and former Yugoslavia more pecisely, the scattergram for them was constructed.

scholarly journals Analysis of yield stability of strawberry varieties and hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Vadim Lapshin ◽  
Valentina Yakovenko ◽  
Sergey Shcheglov
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Factor Of Influence

The profitability of strawberry cultivation is largely determined by the capacity and quality of the yield, depended on the features of the variety genotype. The aim of this work was to estimate the yield stability of varieties and hybrids by the methods of multivariate statistical analysis and identify the best genotypes. To solve this problem, we have used the two-factor analysis of variance and hierarchical cluster analysis according to the Ward’s method as well as the integral estimate of the differences between the values of yield. The results of the studies have shown that the genotype of the variety (hybrid) are makes a decisive factor of influence for variability of the yield structure signs from 17,1% (number of inflorescences) to 32,2% (number of berries). The «genotype × environment» interaction is comparable with the genotype influence, the share of influence of the year conditions of the year is insignificant. Cluster analysis according to complex of economic valuable signs allows us to identify the eight forms that the most adapted to the conditions of the Krasnodar Territory as 13-1-15, Florence, Roxana, 18-1-15, Asia, Onda, Kemia, Nelli from which the Roxana, Florence, 18-1-15, 13-1-15 have a high and steadily rising biological yield.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cup Profile for Postharvest in Coffee Variety Castillo from Cauca Department

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Felipe Solis Pino ◽  
Carlos Andres Anacona Bambague ◽  
Bibiana Montoya ◽  
Efren Venancio Ramos Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Fermentation Condition ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Post Harvest

It is widely accepted that the post-harvest processes of coffee are key factors in determining the final quality of the product. In the department of Cauca in Colombia, this stage is carried out empirically by the farmers of the region, using old methods that do not assure consistent quality. We propose a study to determine the best conditions of temperature and time in post-harvest for the coffee produced in the region. For this purpose, we carried the fermentation and honey process out on different samples of coffee of the Coffea Arabica species of the Castillo variety. Subsequently, the quality of the samples was determined through sensory evaluation by experts. Finally, descriptive statistical techniques applied to the resulting data, and component and hierarchical cluster analysis to find similarities between the samples. The results suggest that the honey process gets better evaluations in the cup profile over any fermentation condition.

scholarly journals Microflora of the selected water reservoirs in Swietokrzyskie Voivodship.

1970 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wioletta Adamus-Bialek ◽  
Karolina Karwacka ◽  
Lukasz Bak
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
The World ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
High Concentrations

One of the important environmental issues is the quality of surface waters in the world. Poland belongs to countries with a low quality of the inland waters. The sanitary condition of the five water reservoirs of south-east Poland was analyzed. Water and sediment samples were incubated on the selective and/or differential media. High concentrations of many common and pathogenic microbial indicators were shown in those samples. Those reservoirs are used by people, especially during summer. Because of the high epidemiological risk, detailed analysis of all inland waters should be performed routinely.

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