Potential role of Bacillus endospores in soil amended by olive mill wastewater

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2873-2879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gino Naclerio ◽  
Antonio Falasca ◽  
Emma Petrella ◽  
Valentina Nerone ◽  
Federica Cocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Italian Law ◽  
Bacillus Spores ◽  
Olive Mill

The main aim of this work was to know how spread is laccase activity in spores of Bacillus species isolated from a soil where Italian law allows olive mill wastewater (OMW) spreading, and to investigate the potential role of such autochthonous soil microorganisms in degradation of OMW phenols, and prevention of groundwater pollution. Laccase activity was detected for the first time in spores of wild-type Bacilluspumilus, B. cereus sensu lato, and B. amyloliquefaciens strains. Because B. pumilus, B. cereus sensu lato, and B. amyloliquefaciens, together with B. subtilis account for a total of 93% of Bacillus isolates at the study site, the nearly totality of Bacillus spores reveals laccase activity. Thus, taking also into consideration that Bacillus spores are more abundant (about 100-fold) than white-rot fungi (that possess a well known extracellular, radical-based ligninolytic enzyme system capable of degrading OMW phenols) in the studied soil, these spores may contribute to in-situ degradation of OMW phenols. This role is further emphasized by dilution of crude OMW during infiltration of rainwater through soil that allows to minimize the antibacterial activity of phenols. The widespread presence of Bacillus spores in soils indicates a potential detoxifying role of these spores in a broader context.

Olive mill wastewater biodegradation potential of white-rot fungi – Mode of action of fungal culture extracts and effects of ligninolytic enzymes

2015 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon Ntougias ◽  
Petr Baldrian ◽  
Constantinos Ehaliotis ◽  
Frantisek Nerud ◽  
Věra Merhautová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Olive Mill

scholarly journals Anaerobic digestion of olive mill wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-372
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
The Other ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Solids Removal ◽  
Olive Mill

Anaerobic digestion of olive-mill wastewater (OMW) was carried out in a continuously fed mode bioreactor. The bioreactor was operated at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs), using OMW, either raw or pre-treated with white-rot fungi. Two different kinds of feed were tested in this process, one which was thermally treated and subjected to sedimentation, in order to remove the solids contained and the other without any physicochemical treatment (raw OMW). Thermally pretreated OMW did not allow a stable operation even at an HRT of 30d. Further pretreatment of the OMW with a white-rot fungus for removal of the contained phenolics, allowed a stable operation at an HRT of 30 d. On the other hand, simple dilution of the raw wastewater, without any solids removal, lead to a stable operation at an HRT of 30d and was accompanied by higher production of biogas. The presence of the solids in the OMW proved to be a determining factor for the stability of the process and could be attributed to a possible adsorption on the solids of hydrophobic compounds, such as long-chain fatty acids that are toxic to methanogens.

Tannic acid induces transcription of laccase genecglcc1in the white-rot fungusCoriolopsis gallica

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1041-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M Carbajo ◽  
Howard Junca ◽  
María C Terrón ◽  
Tania González ◽  
Susana Yagüe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Laccase Gene ◽  
Extracellular Laccase

Laccase, a phenoloxidase enzyme secreted by white-rot fungi, has a significant role in the degradation of lignin and environmental pollutants. Coriolopsis gallica is a ligninolytic basidiomycete that produces high levels of this extracellular enzyme. A laccase gene cglcc1 from this fungus has been cloned and sequenced. The capacity of C. gallica to efficiently degrade polyphenols has been successfully applied in our laboratory to the biotreatment and decolorization of several industrial wastewaters. This study focused on the effect of tannic acid, a natural compound widely distributed in plants, on the production of laccase activity by C. gallica. Our results showed an evident increase of extracellular laccase levels when C. gallica was grown in the presence of tannic acid. Concentrations of 50 and 100 μM of this compound increased laccase activity when compared with control samples grown without tannic acid. In addition, we found an increase in laccase transcript levels in C. gallica grown in culture media supplemented with tannic acid. The role of tannic acid was shown to be an inductor of laccase activity in this fungus, due to the enhancement of expression of the laccase gene at the transcriptional level.Key words: laccase, tannic acid, Coriolopsis gallica, induction, gene transcription.

scholarly journals The attraction of Tremex apicalis (Hymenoptera, Siricidae, Tremecinae) and its parasitoid Ibalia japonica (Hymenoptera, Ibaliidae) to the fungus Cerrena unicolor

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumu Kuramitsu ◽  
Teruhito Ishihara ◽  
Aki Sugita ◽  
Thitaree Yooboon ◽  
Barry Lustig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Searching Behavior ◽  
Host Searching ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Saproxylic Insects ◽  
Symbiotic Fungi

Woodwasps (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) are saproxylic insects and a common forest pest. Siricid woodwasps are classified into two subfamilies: Siricinae and Tremecinae. All known symbiotic fungi of Siricinae are in the genusAmylostereumBoidin while some species of Tremecinae have been observed to have a relationship with the fungusCerrenaunicolor(Bull.) Murrill. Previous studies about the host searching behavior of woodwasps and their parasitoids have focused primarily on the subfamily Siricinae.We analyzed the role ofC.unicolorvolatiles on the host searching behavior ofTremexapicalisMatsumura (Hymenoptera: Siricidae: Tremecinae) and its parasitoid Ibalia (Tremibalia) japonica Matsumura (Hymenoptera: Ibaliidae). The results of an olfactory response experiment indicated that the females ofT.apicalisand its parasitoid find their respective hosts using volatiles fromC.unicolor. Using DNA barcode, we identified basidiocarps on the trees infested withT.apicalis.The basidiocarps were all white-rot fungi that cause sapwood decay, includingC.unicolor. Two additional species that we identified belonged to genera closely related toC.unicolor.Woodwasp species are known to carry symbiotic fungi in a pair of specialized sacs called mycangia. Notably we found that mycangia-like structures were absent in the abdomens ofT.apicalisfemales. To the best of our knowledge,Xerisspectrum(Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) is the only reported example of woodwasp species that do not contain symbiotic fungi in their bodies.Our results suggested that: (1)T.apicalisfemales search for host wood that is already infected with sapwood decaying fungus using volatile compounds; (2)T.apicalis’ female parasitoid also uses volatile compounds from fungus to locate wood that is infested with its potential host.

Upgrading and detoxification of aqueous extracts from dry olive mill residues by white-rot fungi

2010 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 225-225
Author(s):  
I. Sampedro ◽  
F. Federici ◽  
J.A. Ocampo ◽  
I. Garcia Romera ◽  
A. D’Annibale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Mill Residues ◽  
Olive Mill

scholarly journals Role of ligninolytic enzymes of white rot fungi (Pleurotus spp.) grown with azo dyes

SpringerPlus ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant D. Kunjadia ◽  
Gaurav V. Sanghvi ◽  
Anju P. Kunjadia ◽  
Pratap N. Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Gaurav S. Dave
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
White Rot

scholarly journals Produksi dan karakterisasi lakase Omphalina sp. Production and characterization of Omphalina sp. laccase

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
. SISWANTO ◽  
. SUHARYANTO ◽  
Rossy FITRIA
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Research Result ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Laccase Enzyme

SummaryOmphalina sp. a white-rot fungi (WRF)originated from oil palm plantation has abilityto degrade empty fruit bunches of oil palm(EFBOP) so that it is expected to producelaccase with high activity. The ability ofOmphalina sp. to produce laccase enzyme onliquid fermentation will be studied. The enzymewill also be partially purified andcharacterized. The research result showed thatthe highest enzyme activity (1.162 U/mL) wasobtained using glucose malt yeast (GMY)medium at room temperature for four days.The addition of 2,5-xylidine as an inducerproduced laccase earlier i.e two days, but theactivity of laccase was less active afterprolonged incubation compared to that ofcontrol. The laccase produced on mediumcontaining 2% EFBOP reached optimumactivity as much as 0.38 U/mL after 10 th daysof incubation. Partial purification of laccaseon Sephacryl S-200 HR column resulted58.23% of yield recovery with twice purity thanbefore. The optimum pH of laccase was 4.5.Laccase activity was stable even after heatedon 50 o C for 30 minutes, but then decreasedwhen heated until 60 o C. The laccase has K Mand V max as much as 0.15 mM and 0.56 U/mLrespectively.RingkasanOmphalina sp., adalah fungi pelapuk putih(FPP) hasil isolasi dari kebun kelapa sawityang diketahui mampu mendegradasi tandankosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dengan cepatsehingga diharapkan mampu menghasilkanlakase dengan aktivitas tinggi. KemampuanOmphalina sp. menghasilkan enzim lakasepada fermentasi cair akan dipelajari. Selain itu,lakase yang dihasilkan akan dimurnikan secaraparsial serta dilakukan karakterisasi pH, suhu,dan konsentrasi substrat optimum. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa Omphalina sp.menghasilkan lakase dengan aktivitas tertinggi(1,162 U/mL) pada medium glucose malt yeast(GMY) yang diinkubasikan pada suhu ruangselama empat hari. Penambahan 2,5-xilidinsebagai induser mempercepat produksi lakaselebih awal yaitu dalam waktu dua hari, namunaktivitasnya masih lebih rendah dibandingkandengan kontrol pada inkubasi lebih lanjut.Lakase dari Omphalina sp. juga dapatdiproduksi pada medium yang mengandung2% TKKS dan aktivitasnya mencapai0,38 U/mL yang diinkubasi dalam suhu ruangselama 10 hari. Pemurnian parsial pada kolomSephacryl S-200 HR menghasilkan rendemensebesar 58,23% dengan kemurnian dua kalinya.Aktivitas lakase optimum pada pH 4,5 dantetap stabil setelah pemanasan selama 30 menitpada suhu ruang hingga 50 o C dan menuruntajam pada suhu 60 o C. Lakase Omphalina sp.menghasilkan nilai K M dan V maks masing-masing sebesar 0,15 mM dan 0,56 U/mL.

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