Development and optimisation of VFA driven DEAMOX process for treatment of strong nitrogenous anaerobic effluents

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Kalyuzhnyi ◽  
M. A. Gladchenko ◽  
Ho Kang ◽  
A. Mulder ◽  
A. Versprille
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Stable Process ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Reject Water ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

The recently proposed DEAMOX (DEnitrifying AMmonium OXidation) process combines the anammox reaction with autotrophic denitrifying conditions using sulphide as an electron donor for the production of nitrite from nitrate within an anaerobic biofilm. This paper firstly presents a feasibility study of the DEAMOX process using synthetic (ammonia + nitrate) wastewater where sulphide is replaced by volatile fatty acids (VFA) as a more widespread electron donor for partial denitrification. Under the influent N-NH4+/N-NO3− and COD/N-NO3− ratios of 1 and 2.3, respectively, the typical efficiencies of ammonia removal were around 40% (no matter whether a VFA mixture or only acetate were used) for nitrogen loading rates (NLR) up to 1236 mg N/l/d. This parameter increased to 80% by increasing the influent COD/N-NO3− ratio to 3.48 and decreasing the influent N-NH4+/N-NO3− ratio to 0.29. As a result, the total nitrogen removal increased to 95%. The proposed process was further tested with typical strong nitrogenous effluent such as reject water (total N, 530–566 mg N/l; total COD, 1530–1780 mg/l) after thermophilic sludge anaerobic digestion. For this, the raw wastewater was split and partially (∼50%) fed to a nitrifying reactor (to generate nitrate) and the remaining part (∼50%) was directed to the DEAMOX reactor where this stream was mixed with the nitrified effluent. Stable process performance up to NLR of 1,243 mg N/l/d in the DEAMOX reactor was achieved resulting in 40, 100, and 66% removal of ammonia, NOx−, and total nitrogen, respectively.

Total nitrogen removal from high-strength ammonia recycle stream using a single submerged attached growth bioreactor

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Onnis-Hayden ◽  
P.B. Pedros ◽  
J. Reade
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Anaerobically Digested Sludge ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

An experimental study investigating the nitrogen removal efficiency from the recycle stream generated in the dewatering facility of the anaerobically digested sludge at the Deer Island wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Boston was conducted using a single submerged attached growth bioreactor (SAGB), designed for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The applied nitrogen loading to the reactor ranged from 0.7 to 2.27 kg-N/m3·d, and the corresponding total nitrogen (TN) removal rate ranged from 0.38 to 1.8 kg-N/m3·d. The observed nitrification rates varied from 0.42 kg-N/m3·d to 1.45 kg-N/m3·d with an ammonia load of 0.5 kg-N/m3·d and 1.8 kg-N/m3·d, respectively. An average nitrification efficiency of 91% was achieved throughout the experiment. Denitrification efficiency varied from 55%, obtained without any addition of carbon source, to 95% when methanol was added in order to obtain a methanol/nitrate ratio of about 3 kg methanol/kg NO3−-N.

The effect of SRT on nitrate formation during autotrophic nitrogen removal of anaerobically treated wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1751-1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Heng Lee ◽  
Wonji Kwak ◽  
Jeaho Bae ◽  
Perry L. McCarty
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Reaction Equations ◽  
Percentage Conversion ◽  
Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal

Autotrophic nitrogen removal, coupling nitritation (ammonium to nitrite) with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), offers a promising nitrogen-removal alternative, especially for post-treatment of anaerobically-treated wastewater. However, previous reports suggest that less than 90% total nitrogen removal should be expected with this process alone because over 10% of the ammonium removed will be converted to nitrate. This is caused because nitrite conversion to nitrate is required for reduction of carbon dioxide to cell carbon. However, recent research results suggest that more limited nitrate formation of only a few per cent sometimes occurs. It was hypothesized such lower nitrate yields may result from use of long solids retention times (SRT) where net biological yields are low, and providing that the ratio of oxygen added to influent ammonium concentrations is maintained at or below 0.75 mol/mol. Overall reaction equations were developed for each process and combined to evaluate the potential effect of SRT on process stoichiometry. The results support the use of a long SRT to reduce net cell yield, which in turn results in a small percentage conversion to nitrate during ammonium removal and high total nitrogen removals in the range of 90 to 94%.

scholarly journals Autotrophic ammonia removal from landfill leachate using anaerobic membrane bioreactor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Suneethi ◽  
Kurian Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Anammox Process

Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) is an innovative high cell density system having complete biomass retention, high reactor loading and low sludge production and suitable for developing slow growing autotrophic bacterial cultures such as ANAMMOX. The Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (ANAMMOX) process is an advanced biological nitrogen removal removes ammonia using nitrite as the electron acceptor without oxygen. The NH4+-N in the landfill leachate that is formed due to the release of nitrogen from municipal solid waste (MSW), when discharged untreated, into the surface water can result in eutrophication, aquatic toxicity and emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) to atmosphere. Besides, NH4+-N accumulation in landfills poses long term pollution issue with significant interference during post closure thereby requiring its removal prior to ultimate disposal into inland surface waters. The main objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility and treatment efficiency of treating landfill leachate (to check) for removing NH4+-N by adopting ANAMMOX process in AnMBR. The AnMBR was optimized for Nitrogen Loading Rate (NLR) varying from 0.025 to 5 kg NH4+-N/ m3/ d with hydraulic retention time (HRT) ranging from 1 to 3 d. NH4+-N removal efficacy of 85.13 ± 9.67% with the mean nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 5.54 ± 0.63 kg NH4+-N/ m3/ d was achieved with nitrogen loading rate (NLR) of 6.51 ± 0.20 kg NH4+- N/ m3/ d at 1.5 d HRT. The nitrogen transformation intermediates in the form of hydrazine (N2H4) and hydroxylamine (NH2OH) were 0.008 ± 0.005 mg/L and 0.006 ± 0.001 mg/L, respectively, indicating co-existence of aerobic ammonia oxidizers (AOB) and ANAMMOX. The free ammonia (NH3) and free nitrous acid (HNO2) concentrations were 26.61 ± 16.54 mg/L and (1.66 ± 0.95) x 10-5 mg/L, preventing NO2--N oxidation to NO3--N enabling sustained NH4+- N removal.

scholarly journals Single-Stage Biofilm-Based Total Nitrogen Removal in a Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactor: Impact of Aeration Mode, HRT and Scouring Intensity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf mehrabi ◽  
Dwight Houweling ◽  
Martha Dagnew
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Denitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
The Impact

Abstract High energy costs, organic carbon availability, and space limitation are some of the barriers faced by wastewater treatment processes. This research investigates the impact of membrane aeration mode, scouring intensity, and loading rate in a single-stage total nitrogen removal process in a membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR). Under ammonia loading of 2.7 g N/m2.d, continuous process aeration led to 1.7 g NH4-N/m2.d and 0.8 g TN/m2.d removal, respectively. Conversely, intermittent (5/12 min on/off) aeration resulted in 35% less ammonia removal but 34% higher total nitrogen (TN) removal. The MABR under ammonia load of 1.6 g N/m2.d showed an enhanced effluent quality with an average of 2.5 mg/L effluent ammonia concentration. This finding highlights the nitrification potential of a flow-through MABR as a standalone treatment step without any downstream process. Also, slough-off, a common issue in the biofilm process and was hypothesized to reduce the removal efficiency, showed increased ammonia removal rates by 20%. The microbial analysis indicated the dominant AOB and NOB species as Nitrosomonas spp. and Nitrospira spp, respectively. Moreover, the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria (40.5%) were found twice in intermittently-aerated MABR compared to the continuously-aerated one (20.5%). However, NOB and denitrifying bacteria relative abundances were comparable where continuous air was supplied.

New anaerobic process of nitrogen removal

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kalyuzhnyi ◽  
M. Gladchenko ◽  
A. Mulder ◽  
B. Versprille
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

This paper reports on successful laboratory testing of a new nitrogen removal process called DEAMOX (DEnitrifying AMmonium OXidation) for the treatment of strong nitrogenous wastewater such as baker's yeast effluent. The concept of this process combines the recently discovered ANAMMOX (ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation) reaction with autotrophic denitrifying conditions using sulfide as an electron donor for the production of nitrite within an anaerobic biofilm. The achieved results with a nitrogen loading rate of higher than 1, 000 mg/L/d and nitrogen removal of around 90% look very promising because they exceed (by 9–18 times) the corresponding nitrogen removal rates of conventional activated sludge systems. The paper describes also some characteristics of DEAMOX sludge, as well as the preliminary results of its microbiological characterization.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF ANOXIC BATCH PROCESS TO TREAT HIGH NITROGEN CONCENTRATION OF LEAKAGE FROM OLD LANDFILLS

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Huy Quang Le ◽  
Dan Phuoc Nguyen ◽  
Phong Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrite Removal ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
High Nitrogen Concentration

This study aims to treat TNO, (nitrogen oxides include nitrite and nitrate) in leakage of old landfills by anoxic biological methods with TNO, concentration is about 1,000 mg/L. Anoxic sequencing batch reactor is applied in this study. Denitrification using anoxic reactor hasn't had obvious indication of anammox mechanism, however, nitrogen removal through denitrification is high if it is supplied with sufficient carbon. The optimal ratio between added COD and N-nitrite is 1.5:1 and the ratio between reducing COD and reducing nitrite is 2.2:1 in which 30% of reducing COD is available COD nitrite removal may achieve 95% if nitrogen loading is 0.115 (kg reducing N-NO/moday) or 0.115 (g reducing N-NO/g MLSS. day). Therefore, total N-ammonia removal of biological treatment is about 80-85%.

scholarly journals Nitrogen removal by denitrification and annamox processes in freshwater rivers of high nitrogen loading region of China

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-657 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
N Removal ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Nitrogen Loading

The importance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) – a metabolic pathway that can generate dinitrogen – remains poorly understood in freshwater river system. Using the 15N-isotope pairing technique (15N IPT) combined with membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS), the potential rates of denitrification, anammox and total N removal, and their respective contributions to total N2 production were evaluated in 11 rivers in the Taihu Lake region of China. The measured potential rates of denitrification, total N removal and anammox varied from 18.9±0.3 to 70.0±11.4, 26.3±0.4 to 71.3±11.1 and 1.3±0.3 to 11.0±2.5 μmol N m-2 h-1, respectively. The relative contribution of anammox to total N2 production (ra%) ranged from 2.0±0.8% to 29.9±0.7%. The mean potential denitrification and the total N removal rates varied spatially in these 11 rivers, with the highest rates occurring in the western rivers of the region, while the mean potential anammox rates and ra% displayed the opposite trend with the highest values occurring in the southern rivers of the region. The contents of nitrate and dissolved organic carbon in sediments appeared to be the primary controlling factors for denitrification and anammox in these studied rivers. Our results indicated that the potential rates of N removal varied spatially, and denitrification is the dominant activity for removing fixed N but the role of anammox is not negligible in freshwater rivers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of biological nutrient removal by anammox in three phase fluidized bed bioreator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Jones
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Pass Through

The purpose of this study was to show the viability of a 0.70 m3 three phase aerobic fluidized bed bioreactor for the denitrification of wastewater by anammox bacteria. The reactor was monitored for 343 days, operating in a batch mode for 50 days, with a continuous flow of wastewater being fed for the remaining 293 days. It was determined that anammox contributed up to 5.5±0.5% of the ammonia removal during the batch mode of operation, and up to 14.2±3.7% of the ammonia removal during the continuous mode of operation. The highest ammonia and total nitrogen removals of 90.9±1.6% and 20.8±4.1% were measured under high recycle rates. Up to 63.1±5.2% and 19.2±7.5% ammonia and total nitrogen removal was observed after a single pass through the reactor. At low COD concentrations and anoxic conditions, ammonia and nitrite were removed simultaneously. Under the evaluated conditions, the reactor was determined to contain anammox bacteria.

scholarly journals In situ nitrogen management in landfill bioreactors using combined sharon and anammox processes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sri Shalinia ◽  
Kurian Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Nitrogen Transformations ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Significant Attention

Landfill bioreactors (LFBR) are gaining significant attention as sustainable alternative for conventional landfilling. Nitrogen management is an important issue in landfill bioreactors. The present study is to establish the combined SHARON (single reactor system for high activity ammonia removal over nitrite) and ANAMMOX (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) processes in landfill bioreactors for in situ nitrogen management. Laboratory scale landfill bioreactors (43 L volume capacity) as SHARON-ANAMMOX LFBR were loaded with mined municipal solid waste operated for 147 days at a nitrogen loading rate of 1.2 kg N/m3/d. The results showed a nitrogen removal efficiency of 84% with maximum partialnitritation efficiency of 56% and specific ANAMMOX activity of 0.7 mg Amm-N/mg MLVSS/d was achieved in the LFBR. Nitrogen transformations, biomass development and, hydrazine and hydroxylamine formation authenticated the aerobic ammonium oxidising bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonium oxidising bacteria (AnAOB/ANAMMOX) activities responsible for combined SHARON-ANAMMOX processes in LFBR. 99% of the biogas in LFBR as N2 the end product confirmed the combined SHARON-ANAMMOX processes. The study successfully demonstrated the combined SHARON-ANAMMOX processes for in situ nitrogen management in landfill bioreactors with shorter start-up time and stable operation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of biological nutrient removal by anammox in three phase fluidized bed bioreator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Jones
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Pass Through

The purpose of this study was to show the viability of a 0.70 m3 three phase aerobic fluidized bed bioreactor for the denitrification of wastewater by anammox bacteria. The reactor was monitored for 343 days, operating in a batch mode for 50 days, with a continuous flow of wastewater being fed for the remaining 293 days. It was determined that anammox contributed up to 5.5±0.5% of the ammonia removal during the batch mode of operation, and up to 14.2±3.7% of the ammonia removal during the continuous mode of operation. The highest ammonia and total nitrogen removals of 90.9±1.6% and 20.8±4.1% were measured under high recycle rates. Up to 63.1±5.2% and 19.2±7.5% ammonia and total nitrogen removal was observed after a single pass through the reactor. At low COD concentrations and anoxic conditions, ammonia and nitrite were removed simultaneously. Under the evaluated conditions, the reactor was determined to contain anammox bacteria.

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