Seasonal profiles of human noroviruses and indicator bacteria in a wastewater treatment plant in Tokyo, Japan

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Haramoto ◽  
H. Katayama ◽  
K. Oguma ◽  
H. Yamashita ◽  
A. Tajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Human Noroviruses ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
Genotype 2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
Final Effluent

The seasonal profiles of microorganisms in raw sewage, secondary-treated sewage, and final effluent at a wastewater treatment plant in Tokyo, Japan, were quantitatively determined each month for one year, from July 2003 to June 2004. Human noroviruses, which were determined by real-time PCR, in raw sewage varied from 0.17–260 copies/mL for genotype 1 and from 2.4–1900 copies/mL for genotype 2, showing much higher values in winter, the epidemic season. The concentration of total coliforms, Escherichia coli, or F-specific phages in raw sewage was almost constant throughout the year. Human noroviruses of genotype 2 were removed most effectively (3.69 log10 on average) at the wastewater treatment plant, followed by E. coli (3.37 log10), total coliforms (3.05 log10), F-specific phages (2.81 log10), and human noroviruses of genotype 1 (2.27 log10). The removal ratio of human noroviruses was almost constant, independent of the initial concentration of the viruses in raw sewage, which led to the increasing concentration of human noroviruses in final effluent in winter. None of the tested bacteria was judged to be a reliable indicator of human noroviruses in final effluent.

Inactivation of Clostridium perfringens, Total Coliforms, and Escherichia coli by UV/H2O2 in Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Roberto Guimarães ◽  
Regiane Aparecida Guadagnini ◽  
Regina Maura Bueno Franco ◽  
Luciana Urbano dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent

AbstractThis study evaluated the effectiveness of H

scholarly journals Metagenomic Community Composition and Resistome Analysis in a Full-scale Cold Climate Wastewater Treatment Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Uyaguari
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Final Effluent

Abstract Background: Wastewater treatment plants are an essential part of maintaining the health and safety of the general public. However, they are also an anthropogenic source of antibiotic resistance genes. In this study, we characterized the resistome, the distribution of classes 1-3 integron-integrase genes (intI1, intI2, and intI3) as mobile genetic element biomarkers, and the bacterial and phage community compositions in the North End Sewage Treatment Plant in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Samples were collected from raw sewage, returned activated sludge, final effluent, and dewatered sludge. A total of 28 bacterial and viral metagenomes were sequenced over two seasons, fall and winter. Integron-integrase genes, the 16S rRNA gene, and the coliform beta-glucuronidase gene were also quantified during this time period. Results: Bacterial classes observed above 1% relative abundance in all treatments were Actinobacteria (39.24% ± 0.25%), Beta-proteobacteria (23.99% ± 0.16%), Gamma-proteobacteria (11.06% ± 0.09%), and Alpha-proteobacteria (9.18 ± 0.04%). Families within the Caudovirales order: Siphoviridae (48.69% ± 0.10%), Podoviridae (23.99% ± 0.07%), and Myoviridae (19.94% ± 0.09%) were the dominant phage observed throughout the NESTP. The most abundant bacterial genera (in terms of average percent relative abundance) in influent, returned activated sludge, final effluent, and sludge, respectively, includes Mycobacterium (37.4%, 18.3%, 46.1%, and 7.7%), Acidovorax (8.9%, 10.8%, 5.4%, and 1.3%), and Polaromonas (2.5%, 3.3%, 1.4%, and 0.4%).The most abundant class of antibiotic resistance in bacterial samples was tetracycline resistance (17.86% ± 0.03%) followed by peptide antibiotics (14.24% ± 0.03%), and macrolides (10.63% ± 0.02%). Similarly, the phage samples contained a higher prevalence of macrolide (30.12% ± 0.30%), peptide antibiotic (10.78% ± 0.13%), and tetracycline (8.69% ± 0.11%) resistance. In addition, intI1 was the most abundant integron-integrase gene throughout treatment (1.14x104 gene copies/mL) followed by intI3 (4.97x103 gene copies/mL) while intI2 abundance remained low (6.4x101 gene copies/mL).Conclusions: The wastewater treatment plant successfully reduced the abundance of bacteria, DNA bacteriophages, and antibiotic resistance genes although many of them still remained in effluent and biosolids. The presence of integron-integrase genes throughout treatment and in effluent suggests that antibiotic resistance genes could be actively disseminating resistance between both environmental and pathogenic bacteria.

Experience with Two-Stage Activated Sludge Plants for Industrial Wastewaters in Korea

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 427-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schulze-Rettmer ◽  
S. S. Kim ◽  
S. S. Son
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Textile Dyeing ◽  
One Year

The two-stage activated sludge process (AB-process, i.e. adsorption activated sludge process) invented by Boehnke was successfully applied to several municipal and industrial wastewaters in Korea. The first large wastewater treatment plant for the combined effluents of 22 textile dyeing companies was constructed in Taegu and started operation in 1989. Two years earlier pilot plant runs were performed. The AB-process proved to be superior to any other activated sludge process. BOD was reduced from 1200 mg/l down to 24 mg/l. In the meantime in Korea several further AB-process treatment plants were constructed, the overall planning and constructing period being not longer than one year.

scholarly journals Genes encoding tetracycline resistance in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant investigated during one year

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Börjesson ◽  
Ann Mattsson ◽  
Per-Eric Lindgren
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
One Year

Tetracycline-resistant bacteria and genes encoding tetracycline resistance are common in anthropogenic environments. We studied how wastewater treatment affects the prevalence and concentration of two genes, tetA and tetB, that encode resistance to tetracycline. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) we analysed wastewater samples collected monthly for one year at eight key-sites in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). We detected tetA and tetB at each sampling site and the concentration of both genes, expressed per wastewater volume or per total-DNA, decreased over the treatment process. The reduction of tetA and tetB was partly the result of the sedimentation process. The ratio of tetA and tetB, respectively, to total DNA was lower in or after the biological processes. Taken together our data show that tetracycline resistance genes occur throughout the WWTP, and that the concentrations are reduced under conventional operational strategies.

scholarly journals Washing Machine Filters Reduce Microfiber Emissions: Evidence From a Community-Scale Pilot in Parry Sound, Ontario

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Erdle ◽  
Dorsa Nouri Parto ◽  
David Sweetnam ◽  
Chelsea M. Rochman
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Mitigation Strategy ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Final Effluent

Washing clothing is a known pathway for microfibers to reach the environment. Previous research has investigated microfiber capture close to the source (i.e., the washing machine), and demonstrated washing machine filters as a potential mitigation strategy. Widespread deployment into homes may be an effective solution to prevent microfiber emissions. Here, we investigated the effectiveness of washing machine filters at the level of a community. We installed filters in 97 homes in a small town, representing approximately 10% of households connected to the municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). We evaluated treated final effluent and found a significant reduction in microfibers after filter installation. Furthermore, lint samples from filters revealed an average weekly lint capture of 6.4 g, equivalent to 179,200–2,707,200 microfibers. This research shows that microfiber filters on washing machines are effective at scale, and this result can help inform policy decisions to reduce microfiber emissions from laundering textiles.

Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2221-2229 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kim ◽  
P. Guerra ◽  
A. Shah ◽  
M. Parsa ◽  
M. Alaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Final Effluent

Ninety-nine pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) were analyzed in influent, final effluent, and biosolids samples from a wastewater treatment plant employing a membrane bioreactor (MBR). High concentrations in influent were found for acetaminophen, caffeine, metformin, 2-hydroxy-ibuprofen, paraxanthine, ibuprofen, and naproxen (104–105 ng/L). Final effluents contained clarithromycin, metformin, atenolol, carbamazepine, and trimethoprim (>500 ng/L) at the highest concentrations, while triclosan, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, triclocarban, metformin, caffeine, ofloxacin, and paraxanthine were found at high concentrations in biosolids (>103 ng/g dry weight). PPCP removals varied from −34% to >99% and 23 PPCPs had ≥90% removal. Of the studied PPCPs, 26 compounds have been rarely or never studied in previous membrane bioreactor (MBR) investigations. The removal pathway showed that acetaminophen, 2-hydroxy-ibuprofen, naproxen, ibuprofen, codeine, metformin, enalapril, atorvastatin, caffeine, paraxanthine, and cotinine exhibited high degradation/transformation. PPCPs showing strong sorption to solids included triclocarban, triclosan, miconazole, tetracycline, 4-epitetracycline, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, paroxetine, and ofloxacin. Trimethoprim, oxycodone, clarithromycin, thiabendazole, hydrochlorothiazide, erythromycin-H2O, carbamazepine, meprobamate, and propranolol were not removed during treatment, and clarithromycin was even formed during treatment. This investigation extended our understanding of the occurrence and fate of PPCPs in an MBR process through the analysis of the largest number of compounds in an MBR study to date.

Nitrifying bacteria in the influent to a wastewater treatment plant - influence and importance on nitrifying capacity

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sandén ◽  
B. Björlenius ◽  
C. Grunditz ◽  
G. Dalhammar
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Competitive Elisa ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Biological Unit ◽  
One Year

Cells of Nitrobacter sp. were enumerated in the influent to Bromma wastewater treatment plant using monoclonal antibodies in a competitive ELISA. By comparing this method with the most probable number technique we conclude that the immunological method is much more relevant for determining Nitrobacter sp. The amount of Nitrobacter sp. cells in the influent was measured once every second month during one year. Examinations concerning variations during one week and one day respectively were conducted. Finally a mass balance was constructed describing the amount of nitrifiers at different sites in the plant. The analysis showed that the amount of Nitrobacter sp. cells varies during the year but no obvious pattern could be observed. At the middle of an average week higher amounts were recorded. The major part of the nitrifiers was found in the biological unit and most of them have entered the wastewater treatment plant by the influent. Only small quantities were found in water from secondary clarifiers, filters and different sludge streams. 90% of the incoming cells of Nitrobacter sp. in the influent were captured in the plant. 5% of the bacteria were lost with the effluent and another 5% with the digested dry solids.

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