Combined partial nitritation/Anammox system for treatment of digester supernatant

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gut ◽  
E. Płaza ◽  
J. Trela ◽  
B. Hultman ◽  
J. Bosander
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
One Year ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

One-year (2004) comprehensive investigations in a semi-industrial pilot plant (5 m3) were carried out with the aim of assessing the influence of operational parameters on the partial nitritation/Anammox system performance. In the system designed as a moving-bed biofilm reactor, the influent nitrogen load to the Anammox reactor was progressively increased and a stable Anammox bacterial culture was obtained. Interaction between subsequent aerobic and anaerobic conditions in the partial nitritation and Anammox reactors, respectively, granted conditions to remove nitrogen through the nitrite route. It implies that the oxygen supply can be limited to a high extent. A control strategy for the partial nitritation step relied on concomitant adjustment of the air supply with a variable influent nitrogen load, which can be monitored by both pH and conductivity measurements. In the Anammox reactor, an influent nitrite-to-ammonium ratio plays a vital role in obtaining efficient nitrogen removal. During the 1-year experimental period, the Anammox reactor was operated steadily and average nitrogen removal efficiency was 84% with 97% as the maximum value.

A new device to select carriers for biomass immobilization and application in an aerobic/anaerobic fixed-bed sequencing batch biofilm reactor for nitrogen removal

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 2666-2674 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sarti ◽  
A. W. Lamon ◽  
A. Ono ◽  
E. Foresti
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Device ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biofilm Carrier ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

This study proposes a new approach to selecting a biofilm carrier for immobilization using dissolved oxygen (DO) microsensors to measure the thickness of aerobic and anaerobic layers in biofilm. The biofilm carriers tested were polyurethane foam, mineral coal (MC), basaltic gravel, and low-density polyethylene. Development of layers in the biofilm carrier surface was evaluated using a flow cell device, and DO profiles were conducted to determine the size of the layers (aerobic and anaerobic). MC was the biofilm carrier selected due to allowing the development of larger aerobic and anaerobic layers in the biofilm (896 and 1,058 μm, respectively). This ability is supposed to improve simultaneous nitrogen removal by nitrification and denitrification biological processes. Thus, as a biofilm carrier, MC was used in a fixed-bed sequencing batch biofilm reactor (FB-SBBR) for treatment of wastewater with a high ammonia concentration (100–400 mgNH4+-N L−1). The FB-SBBR (15.0 L) was filled with matrices of the carrier and operated under alternating aeration and non-aeration periods of 6 h each. At a mean nitrogen loading rate of 0.55 ± 0.10 kgNH4+-N m−3 d−1, the reactor attained a mean nitrification efficiency of 95 ± 9% with nitrite as the main product (aerobic period). Mean denitrification efficiency during the anoxic period was 72 ± 13%.

scholarly journals Start-up of a full-scale partial nitritation-anammox MBBR without inoculum at Klagshamn WWTP

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 2033-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivelina Dimitrova ◽  
Agnieszka Dabrowska ◽  
Sara Ekström
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Start Up

Abstract Partial nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (PNA) is a useful process for the treatment of nitrogen-rich centrate from the dewatering of anaerobically digested sludge. A one-stage PNA moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was started up without inoculum at Klagshamn wastewater treatment plant, southern Sweden. The reactor was designed to treat up to 200 kgN d−1, and heated dilution water was used during start-up. The nitrogen removal was >80% after 111 days of operation, and the nitrogen removal rate reached 1.8 gN m−2 d1 at 35 °C. The start-up period of the reactor was comparable to that of inoculated full-scale systems. The operating conditions of the system were found to be important, and online control of the free ammonia concentration played a crucial role. Ex situ batch activity tests were performed to evaluate process performance.

A one-stage system with partial nitritation and Anammox processes in the moving-bed biofilm reactor

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Szatkowska ◽  
G. Cema ◽  
E. Plaza ◽  
J. Trela ◽  
B. Hultman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Stage System ◽  
Anammox Process

The ability of bacterial cultures to create biofilm brings a possibility to enhance biological wastewater treatment efficiency. Moreover, the ability of Anammox and Nitrosomonas species to grow within the same biofilm layer enabled a one-stage system for nitrogen removal to be designed. Such a system, with Kaldnes rings as carriers for biofilm growth, was tested in a technical pilot plant scale (2.1 m3) at the Himmerfjärden Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) in the Stockholm region. The system was directly supplied with supernatant originating from dewatering of digested sludge containing high ammonium concentrations. Nearly 1-year of operational data showed that during the partial nitritation/Anammox process, alkalinity was utilised parallel to ammonium removal. The process resulted in a small pH drop, and its relationship with conductivity was found. The nitrogen removal rate for the whole period oscillated around 1.5 g N m−2d−1 with a maximum value equal to 1.9 g N m−2d−1. Parallel to the pilot plant experiment, a series of batch tests were run to investigate the influence on removal rates of different dissolved oxygen conditions and addition of nitrite. The highest nitrogen removal rate (5.2 g N m−2d−1) in batch tests was obtained when the Anammox process was stimulated by the addition of nitrite. In the simultaneous partial nitritation and Anammox process, the partial nitritation was the rate-limiting step.

Development of single-stage nitrogen removal using anammox and partial nitritation (SNAP) and its treatment performances

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Furukawa ◽  
P.K. Lieu ◽  
H. Tokitoh ◽  
T. Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Operational Conditions

Single-stage Nitrogen removal using Anammox and Partial nitritation (SNAP) process was newly developed as an economical nitrogen removal process for ammonium rich wastewaters. The experimental studies for the evaluation of SNAP process were carried out using a novel biofilm reactor, in which hydrophilic net-type acryl fiber biomass carrier was applied. This SNAP reactor was operated under operational conditions of pH 7.5–7.7, 35 °C and DO 2–3 mg/L, and 60 to 80% of influent NH4-N was removed under loading rate of 0.48 kg-N/m3/d. Through the DNA analysis of the attached sludge, it was made clear that ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anammox bacteria coexisted in the attach-immobilized sludge on the acryl fiber biomass carrier. Favorable conditions for the growth of anammox bacteria were created inside attach-immobilized nitrifying sludge. Two kinds of anammox bacteria and two kinds of AOB were detected in the SNAP sludge. Existence ratios of anammox and AOB were estimated to be 15% and 8.7%, respectively, based on the obtained clone numbers. This coexisting condition was confirmed by the FISH image of SNAP sludge and its confocal laser scanning microscope.

Development of a Flow-through Biofilm Reactor for Anammox Startup and Operation: Nitrogen Removal and Metacommunity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Jin ◽  
Jiali Xing ◽  
Zijian Chen ◽  
Yabing Meng ◽  
Fuqiang Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Flow Through

scholarly journals Energy and Exergy Efficiency Analysis of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Sinter Vertical Cooler

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4522
Author(s):  
Zude Cheng ◽  
Haitao Wang ◽  
Junsheng Feng ◽  
Yongfang Xia ◽  
Hui Dong
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Flow And Heat Transfer ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Energy And Exergy

In order to fully understand the energy and exergy transfer processes in sinter vertical coolers, a simulation model of the fluid flow and heat transfer in a vertical cooler was established, and energy and exergy efficiency analyses of the gas–solid heat transfer in a vertical cooler were conducted in detail. Based on the calculation method of the whole working condition, the suitable operational parameters of the vertical cooler were obtained by setting the net exergy efficiency in the vertical cooler as the indicator function. The results show that both the quantity of sinter waste heat recovery (SWHR) and energy efficiency increased as the air flow rate (AFR) increased, and they decreased as the air inlet temperature (AIT) increased. The increase in the sinter inlet temperature (SIT) resulted in an increase in the quantity of SWHR and a decrease in energy efficiency. The air net exergy had the maximum value as the AFR increased, and it only increased monotonically as the SIT and AIT increased. The net exergy efficiency reached the maximum value as the AFR and AIT increased, and the increase in the SIT only resulted in a decrease in the net exergy efficiency. When the sinter annual production of a 360 m2 sintering machine was taken as the processing capacity of the vertical cooler, the suitable operational parameters of the vertical cooler were 190 kg/s for the AFR, and 353 K for the AIT.

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