scholarly journals Start-up of a full-scale partial nitritation-anammox MBBR without inoculum at Klagshamn WWTP

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 2033-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivelina Dimitrova ◽  
Agnieszka Dabrowska ◽  
Sara Ekström
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Start Up

Abstract Partial nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (PNA) is a useful process for the treatment of nitrogen-rich centrate from the dewatering of anaerobically digested sludge. A one-stage PNA moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was started up without inoculum at Klagshamn wastewater treatment plant, southern Sweden. The reactor was designed to treat up to 200 kgN d−1, and heated dilution water was used during start-up. The nitrogen removal was >80% after 111 days of operation, and the nitrogen removal rate reached 1.8 gN m−2 d1 at 35 °C. The start-up period of the reactor was comparable to that of inoculated full-scale systems. The operating conditions of the system were found to be important, and online control of the free ammonia concentration played a crucial role. Ex situ batch activity tests were performed to evaluate process performance.

Experience from start-ups of the first ANITA Mox Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2677-2684 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Christensson ◽  
S. Ekström ◽  
A. Andersson Chan ◽  
E. Le Vaillant ◽  
R. Lemaire
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up

ANITA™ Mox is a new one-stage deammonification Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) developed for partial nitrification to nitrite and autotrophic N-removal from N-rich effluents. This deammonification process offers many advantages such as dramatically reduced oxygen requirements, no chemical oxygen demand requirement, lower sludge production, no pre-treatment or requirement of chemicals and thereby being an energy and cost efficient nitrogen removal process. An innovative seeding strategy, the ‘BioFarm concept’, has been developed in order to decrease the start-up time of new ANITA Mox installations. New ANITA Mox installations are started with typically 3–15% of the added carriers being from the ‘BioFarm’, with already established anammox biofilm, the rest being new carriers. The first ANITA Mox plant, started up in 2010 at Sjölunda wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Malmö, Sweden, proved this seeding concept, reaching an ammonium removal rate of 1.2 kgN/m3 d and approximately 90% ammonia removal within 4 months from start-up. This first ANITA Mox plant is also the BioFarm used for forthcoming installations. Typical features of this first installation were low energy consumption, 1.5 kW/NH4-N-removed, low N2O emissions, <1% of the reduced nitrogen and a very stable and robust process towards variations in loads and process conditions. The second ANITA Mox plant, started up at Sundets WWTP in Växjö, Sweden, reached full capacity with more than 90% ammonia removal within 2 months from start-up. By applying a nitrogen loading strategy to the reactor that matches the capacity of the seeding carriers, more than 80% nitrogen removal could be obtained throughout the start-up period.

Increased nitrogen removal in existing volumes at Sundet wastewater treatment plant, Växjö

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Andersson Chan ◽  
Niklas Johansson ◽  
Magnus Christensson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
N Removal

Many wastewater treatment plants need to improve their nitrogen removal due to stricter requirements and increasing loads. This often means larger bioreactor volumes, which can be very expensive and is sometimes impossible if space is limited. Therefore, there is a need for compact hybrid solutions that can increase capacity within existing volumes. Two full-scale demonstration projects using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) technology has proven to be an efficient way to treat nitrogen in existing volumes at Sundet wastewater treatment plant in Växjö. Increased nitrification and denitrification capacity in parts of the main stream were demonstrated through the Hybas™ process, a combination of MBBR and activated sludge using the integrated fixed-film activated sludge technology. The ANITA™ Mox process, using autotrophic N-removal through anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), provided high nitrogen removal for the sludge liquor. Data collected on-site for over a year are analyzed and compared with the performance of conventional treatment systems. These two full-scale demonstration projects have been a successful learning experience in identifying and correcting both process and operational issues, which may not have arisen at pilot scale. The set objectives in terms of nitrogen removal were met for both processes and design modifications have been identified that will improve future operation at Sundet WWTP.

Effects of Acetate on Metabolism of Anaerobic Ammonium-Oxidizing Bacteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
Jia Jing Sun ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Luo Wang ◽  
Xiao Bo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Process

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is a heated researched biotechnology for nitrogen removal in wastewater. The application of the process is limited due to its long start-up time and sensitivity to organic matters. This paper discussed the effects of acetate on anammox process. The nitrogen removal rate of anammox process was elevated at low acetate content (1 mmol/L) and decreased at high acetate content (3 and 4 mmol/L). The ratios among NH4+-N, NO2--N and NO3--N were not related acetate content and remained at 1:1.50:0.07, but the ratios between acetate and three forms of nitrogen were acetate dependent.

scholarly journals Promotion of partial nitritation-anammox process by improving granule proportion

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 2580-2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Cheng ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Yandong Yang ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactors ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Granule Fraction ◽  
Anammox Process

For enhancing the partial nitritation-anammox (PN/A) process, the effects of granule fraction on system performance were investigated in this study. Two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were inoculated with PN/A biomass with a floc mass fraction of 53%. In SBR1, when the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) was stable, flocculent sludge was gradually discharged from the reactor using a screen, and the granule fraction was therefore increased. However, nitrogen removal was not improved and finally deteriorated due to the loss of nitritation activity. In SBR2, most flocculent sludge was eliminated and granular proportion was maintained at over 90% by controlling a short settling and decanting time. NRR was low initially but gradually improved to 1.23 kg N/(m3·d), which was 54% higher than SBR1. Ammonium oxidation activities of flocs and granules were respectively measured. Results suggested that the increase of nitritation activity in the granules was the main reason for the improvement of nitrogen removal in SBR2.

A one-stage system with partial nitritation and Anammox processes in the moving-bed biofilm reactor

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Szatkowska ◽  
G. Cema ◽  
E. Plaza ◽  
J. Trela ◽  
B. Hultman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Stage System ◽  
Anammox Process

The ability of bacterial cultures to create biofilm brings a possibility to enhance biological wastewater treatment efficiency. Moreover, the ability of Anammox and Nitrosomonas species to grow within the same biofilm layer enabled a one-stage system for nitrogen removal to be designed. Such a system, with Kaldnes rings as carriers for biofilm growth, was tested in a technical pilot plant scale (2.1 m3) at the Himmerfjärden Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) in the Stockholm region. The system was directly supplied with supernatant originating from dewatering of digested sludge containing high ammonium concentrations. Nearly 1-year of operational data showed that during the partial nitritation/Anammox process, alkalinity was utilised parallel to ammonium removal. The process resulted in a small pH drop, and its relationship with conductivity was found. The nitrogen removal rate for the whole period oscillated around 1.5 g N m−2d−1 with a maximum value equal to 1.9 g N m−2d−1. Parallel to the pilot plant experiment, a series of batch tests were run to investigate the influence on removal rates of different dissolved oxygen conditions and addition of nitrite. The highest nitrogen removal rate (5.2 g N m−2d−1) in batch tests was obtained when the Anammox process was stimulated by the addition of nitrite. In the simultaneous partial nitritation and Anammox process, the partial nitritation was the rate-limiting step.

Effects of Butyrate on Autotrophic Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (Annammox)

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 410-415
Author(s):  
Hang Li ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Zhi Xing Li ◽  
Xiao Bo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Process

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is a heated researched biotechnology for nitrogen removal in wastewater. The application of the process is limited due to its long start-up time and sensitivity to organic matters. This paper discussed the effects of butyrate on anammox process. The nitrogen removal rate of anammox process was elevated at low butyrate content (1 mmol/L) and decreased at high butyrate content (3 mmol/L). NH4+-N:NO2--N:NO3--N:butyrate ratio was 1:1.25:0.08:0.04 and 1:7.26:0.10:1.85 when butyrate concentration was 1 mmol/L and 3 mmol/L.

scholarly journals Study on Rapid Start-up of Anammox Process under the Influence of Magnetic Field

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 03051
Author(s):  
Jiabin Wang ◽  
Cong Yu ◽  
Shoubin Zhang ◽  
Tianhang Li ◽  
Dong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Start Up

In order to study the rapid start-up technology of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process, a comparison test of no magnetic field and magnetic field was performed in two identical ASBR reactors R1 and R2 respectively. The results show that both reactors can successfully start Anammox. The R2 start-up period (75d) of the applied magnetic field is shortened by 15% compared with the unloaded magnetic field R1 start-up period (90d); the R2 ammonia-nitrogen removal rate is 97% higher than that of 95% of R1. The quantitative relationship analysis between NH4+-N, NO2--N and NO3--N shows that the change of R2 ratio is closer to the theoretical value, which can better improve the activity of microbial enzymes and accelerate the enrichment of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the reactor. It is beneficial to nitrogen removal and R2 can quickly start the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process.

Implications of full-scale implementation of an anammox-based process as post-treatment of a municipal anaerobic sludge digester operated with co-digestion

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1151-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Vázquez-Padín ◽  
N. Morales ◽  
R. Gutiérrez ◽  
R. Fernández ◽  
F. Rogalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Stream Line ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Water Line

The feasibility of treating the supernatant of a municipal sludge digester supplemented with co-substrates by means of an anammox-based process (ELAN®) was tested in Guillarei (NW of Spain). Ammonia concentration measured in the supernatant of the sludge digester varied in the range 800–1,500 g N/m3 due to the fact that the sludge produced in the plant was co-digested with wastes coming from surrounding food industries. Treating this supernatant in the ELAN® reactor, nitrogen removal rates up to 1.1 kg N/(m3 d) were reached in experiments run in a pilot plant reactor operated in batch mode. No nitrite oxidation was registered after several months of operation despite the average dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations being 1.5 g O2/m3 and the temperature reaching values as low as 18 °C. By keeping the DO set point at 1–2 g O2/m3 and tuning the hydraulic retention time, the stability of the process was guaranteed and the presence of co-substrates in the anaerobic digester did not affect negatively the operation of the autotrophic nitrogen removal process. Due to the success of the pilot plant experiment, an upscale of the process to full scale is proposed. Mass balances applied to Guillarei wastewater treatment plant revealed that in the main stream line the average denitrification rate calculated with the data of year 2011 was 226 kg N/d. Since the nitrogen removal efficiency is limited by the amount of readily biodegradable organic matter available to carry out denitrification in the water line, the implementation of an anammox-based process to treat the supernatant seems the best option to improve the effluent quality in terms of nitrogen content. The nitrogen removal rate in the sludge line would be 30 times higher than the one in the water line. The implementation of the process would improve the energetic balance and the nitrogen removal performance of the plant.

Design, Testing and Operation of Grit Chambers with Hydraulic Roll

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Y. Gruber ◽  
D. Farchill ◽  
M. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Hydraulic Model ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Clear Water ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Full Scale Tests

The Soreq biological treatment plant has been recently brought into operation, after a comprehensive start-up and testing program. The plant's preliminary treatment facilities include four grit chambers 40 m long, equipped for both grit removal and scum skimming. The variable energy input required to control the deposition of the grit and the floating of the scum, is provided by a hydraulic jet system, using pumped recycled wastewater to generate the necessary motive power. The basic concept in designing grit chambers equipped with a hydraulic jet system, instead of a bubble aeration system, is to avoid the release of noxious odours and corrosive gases which are often associated with the conventional aerated grit chambers. Experiments were conducted on a hydraulic model of the grit chamber to develop the necessary design criteria for the full scale jet system. During the initial start-up program of the Soreq plant, the grit chambers and the related equipment were tested with clear water, and the actual transversal velocities were measured through a range of simulated operating conditions. This paper summarizes the hydraulic model test results, the upscaling approach used for design of the prototype system, and the on-site full-scale tests with clear water. A follow-up program under actual operating conditions is now in progress to establish the variable parameters for optimal operation of the hydraulically powered grit chambers with wastewater.

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