Evaluation of factors influencing diffusion of pollutant loads in urban highway runoff

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shinya ◽  
K. Tsuruho ◽  
T. Konishi ◽  
M. Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Rainfall Condition ◽  
Pollutant Loads ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Dissolved Load ◽  
Runoff Events ◽  
Cumulative Curves

Many studies have identified the first flush phenomenon and runoff characteristics. The purpose of this study is to elucidate which parameters influence the runoff pollutant loads. Eight runoff events during the period from May 1999 to September 2000 were investigated. From the dimensionless cumulative analysis, it was suggested that particulate substances such as suspended solids (SS), iron and total phosphorus (T-P) were inclined to be washed off in heavier rainfall condition. The cumulative curves of particulate constituents were appreciably variable in slope, while those of dissolved were approximately constant. Accordingly it was indicated that dissolved load was discharged regardless of rainfall conditions. Event mean runoff intensity and cumulative runoff height showed significant correlation with the cumulative runoff load of the constituents except for total nitrogen (T-N). On the other hand, antecedent dry weather period (ADWP) and traffic flow volume during ADWP did not show correlation with the cumulative runoff loads. Only T-N load showed correlation with those factors, consequently it was suggested that vehicular exhausts affected nitrogen load on the surface of urban highway.

Characteristics of particle-associated PAHs in a first flush of a highway runoff

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.K. Aryal ◽  
H. Furumai ◽  
F. Nakajima ◽  
M. Boller
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Coarse Fraction ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Runoff Event ◽  
Runoff Events

Runoff monitoring of six rainfall events was carried out in a highway, Winterthur, Switzerland focusing on first flush (runoff volume up to 2.88 mm). Six runoff events were used to investigate the characteristics of particle-associated PAHs in first flush. The fine fraction (<45 μm) had a relatively higher contribution than the coarse fraction. A significant contribution of the coarse fraction was observed at some periods when the runoff flow rapidly increased. Fluctuation of PAH content during a runoff event was significant in the coarse fraction and, in contrast, the PAH content in the fine fraction was less fluctuating. The weighted average PAH content in each event ranged from 17 to 62 μg/g in total SS, from 23 to 54 μg/g in the fine fraction and from 16 to 84 μg/g in the coarse fraction. The loading of particle-associated PAHs from the first flush of highway runoff ranged from 0.06 to 0.22 g/ha in a total of 12 PAH species. Keywords First flush; highway runoff; PAH content; PAH profiles; suspended solids

scholarly journals Limnology of Merbok estuary, Kedah, Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
Wan Maznah Wan Omar ◽  
Mansor Mat Isa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Hand Temperature ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
Merbok Estuary

Water quality in three different stations of Merbok estuary was investigated limnologically from October, 2010 to September, 2011. Water temperature, transparency and total suspended solids (TSS) varied from 27.45 - 30.450C, 7.5 - 120 cm and 10 -140 mg/l, respectively. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration ranged from 1.22-10.8 mg/l, while salinity ranged from 3.5-35.00 ppt. pH and conductivity ranged from 6.35 - 8.25 and 40 - 380 ?S/cm, respectively. Kruskal Wallis H test shows that water quality parameters were significantly different among the sampling months and stations (p<0.05). This study revealed that DO, salinity, conductivity and transparency were higher in wet season and TSS was higher in dry season. On the other hand, temperature and pH did not follow any seasonal trends.Bangladesh J. Zool. 41(1): 13-19, 2013

Pagdihon: The Art and Language of Pottery Making in Bari, Sibalom, Antique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edbert Jay M. Cabrillos ◽  
◽  
Rowena S. Cabrillos ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Photo Documentation ◽  
Language Pattern ◽  
Art And Language

Pottery is seen as creation of ornamentals, cooking and storing materials. Yet, while economic gains are often considered from producing these materials, the artistic and linguistic aspects have been ignored. This study discusses the factors influencing the culture of pottery, the processes of pottery making, and seeks to uncover the language used in processes of pottery making in Bari, Sibalom, Antique. A qualitative research employing ethnographic study with participant observation and face to face interviews using photo documentation, video recording and open-ended questions in gathering the data was employed. There were five manugdihon, or potters, purposively selected as key informants of the study. The study revealed that environmental factors influenced the culture of pottery making in the barangay. There were seven main processes in pottery making. These included gathering and preparing of materials, mixing the needed materials, cleaning the mixed clay, forming of desired shape, detaching, drying, and polishing and varnishing. Further findings indicate that, together the other processes, the language used in poterry making was archaic Kinaray-a, the language of the province. This language pattern suggests a specialized pottery making. Ultimately, the study suggest that the manugdihon should continue their artistic talents so that the language may be preserved. The educational institutions of the province may provide ways to include pottery making in the curriculum so that the art and language of pottery making will be preserved and promoted.

Dynamic behavior of suspended pollutants and particle size distribution in highway runoff

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Furumai ◽  
H. Balmer ◽  
M. Boller
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Runoff Rate ◽  
Highway Drainage

Continuous runoff quality monitoring was conducted for one month at urban highway drainage with an area of 8.4 ha. Dynamic change of suspended solids and heavy metal concentrations were investigated during first flush periods, taking the particle size distribution into consideration. Except for Pb, the concentrations of TSS and heavy metals in runoff were within the range of the EMC reported in recent highway runoff research. Particle-bound heavy metals (Zn, Pb, and Cu) accounted for more significant pollutant loads than soluble fractions. Their content decreased with increasing total SS concentration in runoff samples. The results of particle size distribution (PSD) analysis of runoff samples indicate that high TSS concentration samples contained coarser particles. Based on the PSD results, a stepwise wash-off phenomenon of TSS under varying runoff rate conditions was explained by the different washoff behavior of fine (&lt; 20 mm) and coarser particles.

Cycles in symbol production? A new model to explain concentration, diversity and innovation in the music industry

Popular Music ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Christianen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recording Industry ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
New Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One

With the publication of the article ‘Cycles in symbol production’ (Peterson and Berger 1975) a discussion started concerning the advantages and disadvantages of the production of cultural goods under market conditions. The analysis by Peterson and Berger showed a negative correlation between concentration in the recording industry, on the one hand, and the diversity and innovativeness of the music, on the other. Repetition of the analysis using data from the 1980s (Burnett 1990; Lopes 1992) has shown that for this period Peterson and Berger's hypotheses should be rejected. Is there a connection between concentration and diversity and innovation? Are there cycles in symbol production? There seems to be no conclusive answer. In this article, I will attempt to clear up this matter. First, I will repeat the analysis of the relation between concentration and diversity/innovation, using the same model as Peterson and Berger, but with different definitions for the variables concentration, diversity and innovation. Then I will suggest a new model, which can be helpful in uncovering other factors influencing diversity and innovation in the music industry. I will come to that later. Let me first give the reader a brief overview of previous research.

scholarly journals Modelling the impact of microbial contamination of fuel filtration efficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 169 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Rafał KRAKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Growth Of Bacteria

In this paper the concept of filtration and the problem of microbial contamination occurring in the fuels and oils was presented. Then the factors influencing the growth of bacteria in petroleum products were described in detail. In the next part of the article modeling of the impact of fuel microbial contamination on filtration efficiency was performed. The modeling presented in the article is an example showing how undesirable phenomenon is the microbial contamination and how pollution affects the other elements of the entire system. As part of the modeling, numerical model of filtration with the solution was presented. Then analysis results on the basis of the impurities concentration characteristics in the fuel as a function of the fouling thickness in the partition of the filter is performed. The development of impurities was divided into three stages. In the article for one case the trend line was presented. The article was completed conclusions.

scholarly journals The Invasive Niche, a Multidisciplinary Concept Illustrated by Gorse (Ulex Europaeus)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Atlan ◽  
Nathalie Udo
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ulex Europaeus ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Invasive Status ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
The One ◽  
The Web

This study analyzes the natural and social factors influencing the emergence and publicization of the invasive status of a fast growing bush, gorse (Ulex europaeus), by comparison between countries on a global scale. We used documents collected on the web in a standardized way. The results show that in all the countries studied, there are several public statuses attributed to gorse. The invasive status is the one that is most shared. The other most frequently encountered status are those of noxious weed, and of economically useful. The invasive status is publicized in nearly all countries, including those where gorse is almost absent. We quantified the publicization of the invasive gorse status of gorse by an indicator with 5 levels, and then performed a multivariate analysis that combines natural and social explanatory variables. The results lead us to propose the concept of invasive niche: the set of natural and social parameters that allow a species to be considered invasive in a given socio-ecosystem.

scholarly journals Distribution of the initial site of infection in diabetic foot and associated initiating etiologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3320
Author(s):  
Joe Mathew ◽  
Rajeev S.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
The Other ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Nail Infection

Background: Diabetic foot is a very common condition responsible for a major bulk of surgical admissions and out-patient visits. Lack of awareness of many factors influencing the incidence of this disease complex has led to loss of life, limb and quality of life. The site-specific incidence of initial site and initiating factor has not been studied in diabetic foot.Methods: A study has been done over a period of one and a half years which looked into the distribution of initial site of infection in diabetic foot and associated initiating etiologies. The study was cross sectional. History, general inspection of foot, dermatological, neuropathic and vascular assessments were done, in addition to making careful notes about the site and cause of infection.Results:60.7% of patients were >60 years old, 55.3% were male patients. 63.3% of patients had diabetes for more than 10 years. In 29.3% the initial site of infection was the big toe, 22% in the ball of foot, 18% in the other 4 toes together, 14.7% in the interdigital spaces, 10.7% in the heel and 5.3% in the mid foot. In most of the cases the etiology is multifactorial, trauma in 56%, musculoskeletal deformities in 47.3%, callosities in 41.3%, cracks and fissures in 16.7%, fungal infection in 7.3%, nail infection in 6%, no initiating introduction of infection identified in 10.7%.Conclusions: Awareness of and thus particular stress being place on identification of specific site and cause of infection should help in care of the foot in diabetics.

The Extrusion Rate of Grommets

1985 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan G. Gibb ◽  
Ian J. Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Significant Determinant ◽  
Extrusion Rate ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Tympanostomy Tubes ◽  
Position Type ◽  
Definite Pattern ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
A Prospective Study

A prospective study was performed to determine the factors Influencing the extrusion rate of tympanostomy tubes. Nine hundred thirty-nine tubes were inserted In 589 patients and the extrusion of these tubes was reviewed up to a period of 27 months. The eight tubes used in the survey were the Shepard, Exmoor, Bobbin, Armstrong, Paparella, Shah, Arrow, and collar button. These tubes were inserted In strict rotation, the operator using the designated tube. The position, type of incision, presence of fluid, quality of tympanic membrane, and degree of difficulty of insertion were all recorded at operation. The sex, age, side of operation, and any simultaneous operative procedures were also recorded. The patients were reviewed the day after operation and then every 3 months thereafter until the tube was extruded. A definite pattern was Identified for the extrusion of each type of tube. At one end of the spectrum, Exmoor and Shepard tubes were, for the most part, extruded between 6 and 9 months after Insertion, while at the other end, most of the collar button tubes were still functioning at 18 months. The design of the tube was the only factor found to be a significant determinant of the extrusion of the tube, although the experience of the surgeon affected the extrusion rate of the Arrow tube. The different dimensions of the Exmoor and collar button tubes are examined and compared.

Factors Influencing Cisgender Individuals’ Interest in Experiencing Being the Other Sex

Gender Issues ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-252
Author(s):  
E. Sandra Byers ◽  
Kaitlyn M. Goldsmith ◽  
Amanda Miller
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Factors Influencing
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