Immobilized biofilms on granular activated carbon for removal and accumulation of heavy metals from contaminated streams

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Scott ◽  
A. M. Karanjkar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
Contaminated Streams

Biofilms consisting of a matrix of exopolysaccharide and microorganisms developed over granular activated carbon (GAC) enhance metal uptake from solution several times more than that achieved by GAC alone. By specifically employing GAC, there is also the opportunity of developing biofilm/GAC systems that can both entrap metals and also adsorb, and ultimately degrade, polluting organic residues such as pesticides. Targets for this type of process could be dump site leachates, mine tailings and other industrial wastes. The conditions under which the biofilm is developed, including pH and temperature have, therefore, been studied in terms of subsequent influence on metal bisorption.

scholarly journals The Effect of Granular Activated Carbon and Biochar on the Availability of Cu and Zn to Hordeum sativum Distichum in Contaminated Soil

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Marina Burachevskaya ◽  
Saglara Mandzhieva ◽  
Tatiana Bauer ◽  
Tatiana Minkina ◽  
Vishnu Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Cu And Zn

The presence of heavy metals in the soil could impose serious problems on soil-plant systems due to the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. Even vital elements such as Cu and Zn have a toxic effect in the case of excessive intake by living organisms. The present work aimed to investigate the content of loosely bound (exchangeable, complexed, and specifically sorbed) compounds of Cu and Zn and their availability to spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum) in contaminated Haplic Chernozem soil under the conditions of a model experiment (five approximate permissible concentrations (APC) and 10 APC of metal). Changes in the bioavailability of the metals upon application of carbon sorbents were observed. An increase in loosely bound metal compounds has been shown under conditions of soil contamination with metals (up to 57% of the total content). The increase in the availability of Cu in the soil was mainly due to the formation of complexed metal forms with organic matter (up to 17%). The availability of Zn was found to be associated with an increase in exchangeable (up to 21%) and specifically sorbed compounds (up to 27%). Granular activated carbon (GAC) and biochar have high sorption properties. A decrease in the content of loosely bound compounds of metals was established, especially in the most mobile forms such as exchangeable and complexed forms. The introduction of sorbents into the soil opened up a new venue for binding heavy metals in situ, eventually leading to a decrease in their bioavailability. The inactivation of Cu and Zn in the soil upon the application of sorbents led to a decrease in metal absorption by spring barley. The highest efficiency of biochar application was established at a dose of 2.5% and 5% in soil contaminations of 5 APC and 10 APC of Cu or Zn. The efficiency of the use of sorbents was more influenced by the dose of application than by the type of sorbent. There was no significant difference between biochar and GAC. Stabilization and inactivation of metals may improve soil fertility and plant growth.

Graphene, electrospun membranes and granular activated carbon for eliminating heavy metals, pesticides and bacteria in water and wastewater treatment processes

The Analyst ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (23) ◽  
pp. 5629-5645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piumie Rajapaksha P. ◽  
Aoife Power ◽  
Shaneel Chandra ◽  
James Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Electrospun Membranes ◽  
Water And Wastewater

The availability of safe water has a significant impact on all parts of society, its growth and sustainability, both politically and socioeconomically.

Removal of heavy metals from landfill leachate using zero valent iron and granular activated carbon

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Bilardi ◽  
Paolo Salvatore Calabrò ◽  
Rosa Greco ◽  
Nicola Moraci
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

Metal uptake and Fe-, Ti-oxide biomineralization by acidophilic microorganisms in mine-waste environments, Elliot Lake, Canada

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2731-2735 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Mann ◽  
W. S. Fyfe
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Acidophilic Microorganisms ◽  
Micro Organisms

Acidic effluent containing enhanced concentrations of toxic heavy metals discharges from a cumulative total of 104 ha of mine-tailings waste in Canada. Communities of acidophilic microorganisms, specifically the unicellular alga Euglena sp. and bacteria, thrive in many of the hostile, low-pH effluent environments, which are otherwise devoid of life. The micro organisms concentrate aqueous dissolved metals onto cell walls and at intracellular sites, during the life cycle, and strongly bind metals during early diagenesis. A sequence is observed in which amorphous Fe and Ti concentrated at cell walls are progressively transformed to microcrystalline aggregates of goethite, ferrihydrite, maghemite, magnetite, haematite, lepidocrocite, and ilmenite. The bioprecipitated Ti- and Fe-oxides and oxyhydroxides act as scavengers for heavy metals such as Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd, and Th. Acidophilic microorganisms play a central role in the toxic-metal budget of mine-tailings waste by efficiently sequestering aqueous metals and by promoting nucleation of oxide minerals whose inorganic formation is kinetically inhibited, thereby retarding toxic-metal dispersion into the natural environment.

Determination of Elemental Composition of Soil Samples from Selected Dumpsites in Nasarawa, Kogi and Niger States, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-467
Author(s):  
J.J. Musa ◽  
J.D. Bala ◽  
H.I. Mustapha ◽  
M.Y. Otache ◽  
E.T. Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Mean Concentration

The growing dominance of urban environment with heavy metals through natural and anthropogenic depositions and the potentially adverse health implications following environmental contaminations have focused attention on the disposal of municipal and industrial wastes. This study employed analytical procedures to investigate the concentrations of chromium, iron, copper, zinc, manganese and aluminium at the municipal waste dump site of the study areas. Soil samples were randomly collected from different waste dumpsite across Nasarawa, Kogi, and Niger states and an undisturbed soil 100m away from the dumpsites was chosen as the control. From the result obtained, it was observed that the metals in all dumpsite types followed the order: Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu>Cr>Al. Mn had the highest mean concentration which was recorded in Bida, Borgu and Minna in Niger State while Al was the least detected in all the dumpsites with the lowest mean concentrations (5.7±0.96) recorded in Borgu. Mean concentration of all the metals at the dumpsites was higher than at the control which means there is an anthropogenic contribution from the environment. The concentrations of the heavy metals were generally lower than their respective guideline values for the protection of human and environmental health. However, with prolong practice of dumping refuse at these sites; concentrations of the heavy metals may increase above the recommended limits. Therefore, we recommend that further research be carried out on the heavy metals concentration of the waste materials to identify those that are potential sources of soil contamination to suggest appropriate treatment and disposal methods.

scholarly journals Biochar Affects Heavy Metal Uptake in Plants through Interactions in the Rhizosphere

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5105
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Medyńska-Juraszek ◽  
Pierre-Adrien Rivier ◽  
Daniel Rasse ◽  
Erik J. Joner
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Biochar Amendment

Heavy metals in soil pose a constant risk for animals and humans when entering their food chains, and limited means are available to reduce plant accumulation from more or less polluted soils. Biochar, which is made by pyrolysis of organic residues and sees increasing use as a soil amendment to mitigate anthropogenic C emissions and improve agronomic soil properties, has also been shown to reduce plant availability of heavy metals in soils. The cause for the reduction of metal uptake in plants when grown in soils enriched with biochar has generally been researched in terms of increased pH and alkalinity, while other potential mechanisms have been less studied. We conducted a pot experiment with barley using three soils differing in metal content and amended or not with 2% biochar made from Miscanthus x giganteus, and assessed plant contents and changes in bioavailability in bulk and rhizosphere soil by measuring extractability in acetic acid or ammonium nitrate. In spite of negligible pH changes upon biochar amendment, the results showed that biochar reduced extractability of Cu, Pb and Zn, but not of Cd. Rhizosphere soil contained more easily extractable Cu, Pb and Zn than bulk soil, while for Cd it did not. Generally, reduced plant uptake due to biochar was reflected in the amounts of metals extractable with ammonium nitrate, but not acetic acid.

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