Characteristics of Paper/Board Mill Wastewaters Relevant to Anaerobic Treatment

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Webb
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Water System ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Toxic Materials ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Sizing System ◽  
Inorganic Sulphur

Apart from the inherent amenability of the organics present to anaerobic fermentation, a number of other factors are important to the technical and economic viability of the overall process. These include wastewater strength, wastewater temperature, the nature of suspended solids present and the presence of toxic materials, notably sulphates/sulphides and biocides. Analytical data is presented from various Pira research projects, describing the composition of UK mill wastewaters in terms of BOD/COD/DOC, suspended solids, the speciation of dissolved organics (eg carbohydrates, fatty acids) and inorganic sulphur compounds. In the context of anaerobic treatment, this is then discussed in terms of in-mill microbiological activity, the extent of water system closure and the type of sizing system employed.

Analysis of Physical Structure and Chemical Composition of Oil-Water Transition Layer in Oil Gathering and Transportation System

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 2566-2569
Author(s):  
Dan Dan Yuan ◽  
Hong Jun Wu ◽  
Hai Xia Sheng ◽  
Bao Hui Wang ◽  
Xin Sui
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Transition Layer ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Oil Water

he existence of oil-water transition layer brings a great trouble to the dehydration of oil gathering and transportation system. It leads to raising the electric current of dehydrator and becoming worse of the deoiling and dehydrating properties of the treatment equipment, resulting in the serious influences on oil recovery. For the efficient treatment of the transition layer, it is necessary clearly to understand the structure and composition of the layer. In this paper, the physical structure and chemical composition of the layer were systematically, layer by layer and phase by phase, analyzed by modern instrumental methods The results show that (1）the layer is an emulsion which is composed of oil, water and suspended solids. The water phase has characteristics of weak alkaline，high salinity and viscous polymer. The oil phase contains many natural emulsifiers such as colloid, asphaltene and so on. The solid phase mainly concludes FeS particle which plays a decisive role in suspended solids; (2) the typical transition layer is composed of water and oil which accounts for above 90%, the content of solid impurity, which controls the emulsion of the layer, is less than 10%. Compared with oil phase, the water content of typical transition layer is larger with the density of 0.9~1.0 g/L and high freezing point. The analytical data can be adopted for the treatment of oil-water transition layer and smoothly run operations for oil gathering and transportation.

Acoustic waste water clarification practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
S. A. Bakharev
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Far East ◽  
Water System ◽  
Acoustic Method ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Acoustic Impact

The article covers the problems of reagent-free clarification of circulating and waste waters of enterprises with their production sites located in valleys of spawning rivers in the environmentally-sensitive northern territories. It is shown that horizontal sumps, widely used at mining enterprises due to their low construction and operation costs, fail to ensure the production and environmental indicators required in the current conditions. The article analyses the results of 20 years of application in the Russian Federation and the countries of the Asia-Pacific region of the complex acoustic method (CAM), based on the mechanisms of coagulation of fine particles, forced sedimentation of initial and coagulated particles, as well as sludge thickening and dewatering. The advantages and limitations are shown for the CAM method, developed by the author of the article and based on the principles of: complexity, with the use of the laws of linear and nonlinear acoustics; acoustic impact on the water system for the purpose of acoustic degassing of water; acoustic coagulation of fine suspended solids (and subsequent gravity sedimentation of the newly formed aggregates); acoustic (forced) sedimentation of the original and previously acoustically coagulated suspended solids; acoustic thickening of sludge in sumps and acoustic dewater ing of sludge at depositing sites with drainage systems; the cascade (boundary) nature of acoustic impacts on the water system in the main water catchers, sumps, etc. The specific behavior of processes under a complex acoustic impact ensures their high productivity and low power consumption values (unattainable by any other methods) and the required environmental safety in the special conditions of the Far North and the Far East.

Anaerobic treatment of low concentration waste water in an inverse fluidized bed reactor

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Castilla ◽  
M. Meraz ◽  
O. Monroy ◽  
A. Noyola
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Inverse Fluidized Bed

Low concentration synthetic and municipal wastewaters were treated at HRT as short as 3 and 0.6 h respectively in an anaerobic inverse fluidized bed. Both bioreactors showed gas hold up due to the liquid downflow pattern of the prototype. The bioreactor operated at 3 h had a removal efficiency of 83%, specific activity of 4.5 kg CODremoved/kg IVS (d and the gas hold up varied from 23 to 55%. The reactor treating municipal wastewater had a removal efficiency of 44% when operating at 0.6 h, the specific activity was 4.2 kg CODremoved/kg IVS (d and no biogas was detected apparently because an important fraction was dissolved in the liquid phase. The biomass concentration was 13.8 and 1.1 kg IVS/m3 for synthetic and municipal wastewater and the SEM microphotographs showed a bacterial diversity for the first run and only cocci cells for the second run. The system does not remove suspended solids, so a polishing postreatment to improve water quality has to be implemented.

Anaerobic Treatment of Slaughterhouse Wastewater in an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) Reactor

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Núñez ◽  
B. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Slaughterhouse Wastewater ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sludge Activity

The performance of an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) reactor for treating slaughterhouse wastewater under mesophilic conditions (35°C), was investigated. The reactor was inoculated with granular sludge from an anaerobic reactor of a brewery factory. The averaged COD removal percentages were 67% for total organic loading rates (BV.TCOD) up to 15 kg COD m−3 d−1 and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 5 h. Total suspended solids (TSS) were 90% removed for total solids loads of 6 kg TSS m−3 d−1. Fats were 85% removed and no accumulation of fats on the sludge was observed. The specific methanogenic activity of the sludge, after 140 days, was about three times higher than the sludge inoculated into the reactor. The sludge activity did not significantly change after one year of work. These findings indicate that the anaerobic treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater in an EGSB system appears to be a feasible option.

scholarly journals Studies of the soluble part of oxidised coals

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pietrzak ◽  
Mieczysław Kozłowski ◽  
Helena Wachowska ◽  
Jan Yperman
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Temperature Programmed Reduction ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Inorganic Sulphur ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Sulphur Species ◽  
Soluble Part

AbstractSoluble products obtained from the oxidation of four types of coal, each characterised by different degree of coalification and different degree of sulphur content, are studied. The coals are oxidised with peracetic acid (PAA) and nitric acid. Analyses are performed by Atmospheric Pressure-Temperature Programmed Reduction (AP-TPR) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The soluble products contain much more sulphur than the insoluble products of oxidation. The products obtained from the reaction with HNO3 contain higher amounts of inorganic sulphur compounds, while those obtained from the reaction with PAA are characterised by an increased content of organic sulphur species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document