The effect of suspended solids and naturally occurring dissolved organics in reducing the acute toxicities of cationic polyelectrolytes to aquatic organisms

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Cary ◽  
J. A. McMahon ◽  
W. J. Kuc
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Cationic Polyelectrolytes

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Tributaries of Batang Baleh in Sarawak Using Cluster Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Teck-Yee Ling ◽  
Chen-Lin Soo ◽  
Teresa-Lee-Eng Heng ◽  
Lee Nyanti ◽  
Siong-Fong Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

Assessment of river water quality is essential as it provides the knowledge required to make informed decisions. Therefore, water quality was determined at 15 tributary stations located along the Batang Baleh, Sarawak. Results of the study indicate that all tributaries were well-aerated (≈ 7.7 mg/L) with pH (≈ 7.3) and conductivity (≈ 37.3 μS/cm) values falling within acceptable ranges. However, there were tributaries that showed very high turbidity (> 1000 NTU) and suspended solids (> 800 mg/L) which were contributed by the soil erosion from logging activities in the watershed. Tributary stations associated with logging activities also showed significantly higher total phosphorus and organic nitrogen. Cluster analysis demonstrated that water quality at tributary stations along the Batang Baleh exhibited a longitudinal variation from upstream to downstream regions, particularly, dissolved oxygen, five-day biochemical oxygen demand, and nitrite-nitrate nitrogen, which were found higher in upstream region and steadily decreased towards the downstream region. Two stations located at Sg. Serani and Sg. Melatai were distinct from the other stations with the highest concentrations of turbidity, total suspended solids, organic nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Thus, there is an urgent need to reduce the pollutants in the tributaries of Batang Baleh for the health of the sensitive aquatic organisms.

Characteristics of Paper/Board Mill Wastewaters Relevant to Anaerobic Treatment

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Webb
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Water System ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Toxic Materials ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Sizing System ◽  
Inorganic Sulphur

Apart from the inherent amenability of the organics present to anaerobic fermentation, a number of other factors are important to the technical and economic viability of the overall process. These include wastewater strength, wastewater temperature, the nature of suspended solids present and the presence of toxic materials, notably sulphates/sulphides and biocides. Analytical data is presented from various Pira research projects, describing the composition of UK mill wastewaters in terms of BOD/COD/DOC, suspended solids, the speciation of dissolved organics (eg carbohydrates, fatty acids) and inorganic sulphur compounds. In the context of anaerobic treatment, this is then discussed in terms of in-mill microbiological activity, the extent of water system closure and the type of sizing system employed.

Water quality criteria for total suspended solids (TSS) in urban wet-weather discharges

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rossi ◽  
R. Fankhauser ◽  
N. Chèvre
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Rain Events

Total suspended solids (TSS) from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) and stormwater discharges represent a crucial parameter for evaluating wet-weather pollution in urban areas. In fact, the increase of TSS in water during rain events can have ecotoxic effects on aquatic organisms. Furthermore, major potentially harmful substances such as heavy metals, PAHs and organic matter are adsorbed onto TSS and later settle on sediment. Water quality criteria for TSS consequently enable the risk of wet-weather pollution to be assessed, for instance to avoid detrimental effects on aquatic organisms. The criteria proposed in this study cover the short-term impact of TSS on fish (acute quality criteria AQC), taking into account the duration of their exposure in the receiving water. The concentration-exposure duration-effect curve proposed here thus predicts “ill effects” on fish for different exposure times and TSS concentrations. The ecotoxic effects of adsorbed pollutants are also taken into account with an additional safety factor. We implement this TSS criteria in a software that allows us to estimate the number of rain events that exceed a given morbidity threshold for fishes per year.

scholarly journals THE USE OF REAGENTS BASED ON CATIONIC POLYELECTROLYTES FOR ACTIVATED SLUDGE DEHYDRATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
S. S. Dryabina ◽  
A. V. Navrotskiy ◽  
J. N. Malysheva ◽  
I. A. Novakov
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Cationic Polyelectrolytes

The processes of activated sludge dewatering using cationic flocculants and their binary mixtures have been investigated, recommendations have been developed for improving the technology of sludge dewatering. The results of tests to identify the optimal ratios of flocculants in the mixture during compaction and dehydration of activated sludge sludge are given, the concentration range is determined. It is shown that the use of binary mixtures of cationic flocculants makes it possible to reduce the moisture content of the sediment and reduce the content of suspended solids in the filtrate while simultaneously reducing the dose of polyelectrolytes.

scholarly journals PILOT PLANT PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM DENGAN PROSES BIOFILTRASI DAN ULTRAFILTRASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusa Idaman Said ◽  
Wahyu Widayat
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Lower Strength ◽  
Large Molecular Weight ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Water Companies

Until now, the drinking water companies in Indonesia still use chlorine for disinfection processes. In addition, the chlorine also uses for removal Fe, Mn and ammonia. If the raw water contains high concentration of ammonia, chlorine will react with ammonia form chloramines which have lower strength of disinfection power. The higher concentration of ammonia in raw water caused the higher consumption of chlorine. The reaction of chlorine with certain organic compounds as humic substances will to produce chloro-organo compounds like chlorophenols which become serious problems to day because trihalomethane and also chlorophenols compounds are carcinogenic substances.To overcome the problems one of alternative is using the combination of biofiltration and ultrafiltration to process the drinking water. Biofltrations process is treatment of raw water biologically using fixed bed biofilter reactor witch filled with honeycomb plastic supporting media for removal Fe, Mn, ammonia detergent, and also organic substances. Ultrafiltration (UF) is filtration process using hollow fiber membranes that have effective pore sizes of 0.1 – 0.01 µm. The ultrafiltration units are capable of separating some large molecular weight dissolved organics, colloids, macromolecules and suspended solids from raw water. The ultrafiltration process is designed to remove colloidalized particles in the range from 0.1-0.01µm.By combining the biofiltration and ultrafiltration processes, hence will be got technological alternative of drinking water process which capable to degrade an organic matter, ammonia, detergent and can remove the colloidal or suspended matter effectively without chemicals instead of conventional process. Kata Kunci : Pengolahan Air Minum, Biofiltrasi, Membran, Ultrafiltrasi, Pilot Plant

Behaviour of volatile and nonvolatile suspended solids in the pilot-scale aerobic digestion of waste-activated sludges

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Anderson ◽  
D. S. Mavinic
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Aerobic Digestion ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Mixed Liquor ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Pilot-scale research into the characterization and enhancement of the aerobic digestion of waste-activated sludges was performed. Waste sludge from two sources was aerobically digested at varying operating temperatures; to offset the naturally occurring mixed liquor pH (MLpH) decrease due to nitrification, small amounts of Ca(OH)2 or NaHCO3 were added to maintain target MLpH levels of pH 6, 7, and 8. Results indicated that volatile mass reduction was severely curtailed at low MLpH, but could be significantly improved through MLpH control, with increases of > 100% in performance over the low MLpH reactor noted. However, the process was found to be very "sludge-specific", in that the two test sludges behaved quite differently under similar operating conditions. A separate mass balance on the nonvolatile sludge fraction illustrated the action of the controlling chemicals in terms of reduction in cell lysis; it was also observed that some precipitation of inorganic materials was occurring, depending on chemical type and dose. While it was not possible to suggest an optimized chemical and dose, it was concluded that this process had very real potential for full-scale implementation, as an effective and simple method for rehabilitation of poorly functioning digesters. Key words: aerobic sludge digestion, Ca(OH)2, enhancement, inhibition, mixed liquor pH control, NaHCO3, volatile and nonvolatile suspended solids.

Dissolved Organics Removal by Solid-Liquid Phase Separation (Adsorption and Coagulation)

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Licskó
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Colloidal Dispersion ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Organics Removal ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Solid Liquid

To improve the organics removal efficiency of surface water treatment technologies, powdered activated carbon (PAC) has often been added. Some of the PAC particles with the dissolved organics already adsorbed are present in the form of a colloidal quasi-colloidal dispersion and can be removed most efficiently by coagulating and flocculating them together with the natural suspended solids. This, however, cannot be accomplished unless the PAC is added 3-5 minutes ahead under violent stirring of the water to be treated. Laboratory data demonstrated that the PAC and the Al-hydroxides formed of the coagulant (Al-salt) added remove different types of organics from the water and consequently do not compete with each other.

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