scholarly journals A review on harvesting and harnessing rainwater: an alternative strategy to cope with drinking water scarcity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2951-2963
Author(s):  
Ghanashyam Khanal ◽  
Anusha Thapa ◽  
Niranjan Devkota ◽  
Udaya Raj Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Drinking Water Supply System ◽  
Surface And Groundwater ◽  
Water Sufficiency

Abstract Currently available sources of water face extreme pressures around the globe because of oblivious human activities as well as changing climate. The rainwater harvesting system (RWHS) carries a huge potential to enhance surface and groundwater resources in regions having a poor water supply. Recently, several countries have started to promote the updated implementation of such practice to tackle the problem of growing water demand. These considerations motivated our enthusiasm for looking at its current circumstances and the possibility of RWHS in the future. In this regard, the study aims to identify the evidence gap among different determinants (climate change, reliability, water quality and financial viability) intertwined with RWHS. In the paper, studies related to the significance of RWHS amidst scarcity of water around the globe, published in valued journals from 2000 to 2020, are reviewed. We found that the RWHS becomes economically viable when certain steps and risk assessment methods are executed in planning and maintaining this system. The study concludes that drinking water sufficiency is possible if a sustainable drinking water supply system is built via RWHS.

scholarly journals Sustainability characteristics of drinking water supply

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolijn van Engelenburg ◽  
Erik van Slobbe ◽  
Adriaan J. Teuling ◽  
Remko Uijlenhoet ◽  
Petra Hellegers
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Drinking Water Supply System

Abstract. Developments such as climate change and growing demand for drinking water threaten the sustainability of drinking water supply worldwide. To deal with this threat, adaptation of drinking water supply systems is imperative, not only on a global and national scale, but particularly on a local scale. This investigation sought to establish characteristics that describe the sustainability of local drinking water supply. We use an integrated systems approach, describing the local drinking water supply system in terms of hydrological, technical and socio-economic characteristics that determine the sustainability of a local drinking water supply system. Three cases on drinking water supply in the Netherlands are analysed. One case relates to a short-term development, that is the 2018 summer drought, and two concern long-term phenomena, that is, changes in water quality and growth in drinking water demand. The approach taken recognises that next to extreme weather events, socio-economic developments will be among the main drivers of changes in drinking water supply. Effects of pressures associated with, for example, population growth, industrial developments and land use changes, could result in limited water resource availability, deteriorated groundwater quality and growing water demand. To gain a perspective on the case study findings broader than the Dutch context, the sustainability issues identified were paired with global issues concerning sustainable drinking water supply. This resulted in a proposed set of generally applicable sustainability characteristics, each divided into five criteria describing the hydrological, technical and socio-economic sustainability of a local drinking water supply system. Elaboration of these sustainability characteristics and criteria into a sustainability assessment can provide information on the challenges and trade-offs inherent in the sustainable development and management of a local drinking water supply system.

Converting scientific research into a practical tool co-designed with the stakeholders in R Shiny: a web-based application for managing the main reservoir of the drinking water supply system in the Romagna region, Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Pugliese ◽  
Mattia Neri ◽  
Armando Brath ◽  
Elena Toth
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Drinking Water Supply System

<p>Complex water optimisation problems represent one of the biggest challenges of the near future due to human and climate impacts. On the one hand, stakeholders in the water supply sector require high-level knowledge of the whole water cycle process at different scales, with the aim to either assess the risk for uncertain future water availability or rely on more analytic approaches for decision making. On the other hand, scientific research produces high quality models, algorithms and schemes capable of solving the water problems, but scientists often struggle when it comes to deploy tools that deliver their research outcomes to stakeholders and decision makers that ultimately will use them. The principal goal of this project is to fill the gap between the development of innovative research methodologies and their practical usability in the real world. We present “RApp”, a web-based application written purely in R within the Shiny framework and developed in collaboration with the water supply company Romagna Acque SpA. RApp simulates and visualizes the behavior of the reservoir that sustains the drinking water supply system of the Romagna region, Italy, in order to support its optimal management. Reservoir simulations are obtained connecting, through a unique and site-specific modelling chain, the inflows from the upstream catchments, the functioning of the reservoir, the potential of the treatment plant and the water demand. The optimized monthly-based management rules were obtained off-line, through a multi-objective optimization algorithm by maximizing the water yields and, at the same time, minimizing the occurrence of water outages during drought periods. The RApp user can produce quick reports of the past and expected reservoir yields and stored volumes, in terms of either graphical or table outputs, as a function of different initial and boundary conditions provided by the users, such as the initial stored volume, the expected inflows, the adoption of optimized or user-defined management rules, the occurrence of an abrupt change in the water demand, thus, allowing stakeholders to explore the impact of different scenarios and management options. For developing the tool, a very close interaction between the research group and the stakeholders was required, and is still ongoing, in order to define and then expand the functionalities of the software that are most needed for its practical use.</p>

scholarly journals Nocardioides hungaricus sp. nov., isolated from a drinking water supply system

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika M. Tóth ◽  
Zsuzsa Kéki ◽  
Judit Makk ◽  
Zalán G. Homonnay ◽  
Károly Márialigeti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Drinking Water Supply System

Three Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterial strains were isolated from the drinking water supply system of the Hungarian capital, Budapest. Phylogenetic analysis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that the isolates represented a distinct cluster within the clade of the genus Nocardioides and were most closely related to Nocardioides pyridinolyticus OS4T, Nocardioides aquiterrae GW-9T, Nocardioides sediminis MSL-01T and N. hankookensis DS-30T. The peptidoglycan based on ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid, the major menaquinone MK-8(H4), the cellular fatty acid profile with iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 as predominating components and the DNA G+C content of 71.4 mol% (strain 1RaM5-12T) were consistent with the affiliation of the isolates to the genus Nocardioides. Because of differences in physiological characteristics, matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectra of protein extracts, PvuII RiboPrinter patterns and 96.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain 1RaM5-12T and its closest phylogenetic neighbour, N. pyridinolyticus OS4T, a novel species, Nocardioides hungaricus sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is 1RaM5-12T (=DSM 21673T =NCAIM 02330T).

DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A WATER SAFETY PLAN FOR THE DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM OF FLORENCE, ITALY

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1813-1822
Author(s):  
Cecilia Caretti ◽  
Roberta Muoio ◽  
Leonardo Rossi ◽  
Daniela Santianni ◽  
Claudio Lubello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Safety Plan ◽  
Water Safety Plan ◽  
Drinking Water Supply System

scholarly journals Total and Specific THMs’ Prediction Models in Drinking Water Pipe Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavroula Tsitsifli ◽  
Vasilis Kanakoudis
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Pipe ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Pipe Networks ◽  
Drinking Water Supply System ◽  
Safety Of Drinking Water ◽  
By Products

Although disinfection is a crucial process for the safety of drinking water, it is responsible for the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) being accused of severe health problems. The present study presents the development of models predicting trihalomethanes (THMs) in a drinking water supply system in Greece. Although some of the developed models can be used for the prediction of THMs, they are site-specific and cannot be used extensively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document