Risk management and environmental benefits of a prospective system for indirect potable reuse of municipal wastewater in France

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1533-1540
Author(s):  
C. Remy ◽  
W. Seis ◽  
U. Miehe ◽  
J. Orsoni ◽  
J. Bortoli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse

Abstract This paper presents the assessment of a planned scheme of indirect potable reuse (IPR) in the Vendée region of France in its potential risks for human health and ecosystems, and also in its overall environmental impacts. Methods of risk assessment (quantitative microbial and chemical risk assessment) and life cycle assessment (LCA) are used to characterize the risk associated with the use of reclaimed water for IPR, but also the environmental benefits compared with other options for additional drinking water supply. The LCA results show that IPR is competitive with other options of water supply in its energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. Pathogens as the main health hazard are controlled effectively by existing and planned preventive measures. For chemicals the number of potentially relevant substances could be reduced substantially by the assessment. A demonstrator phase should now be implemented to validate the outcomes of this prospective assessment by improving data quality of the initial state and by monitoring effective impacts in an operating mode.

scholarly journals An Australian perspective on DPR: technologies, sustainability and community acceptance

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian B. Law
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Community Acceptance ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse ◽  
Direct Potable Reuse

Australia has had guidelines in place for water recycling (for all uses other than potable reuse) since 2006. These guidelines were extended in May 2008 to cover potable reuse and have since been applied to two potable reuse schemes – one in Brisbane (Queensland) in 2011 and the second in Perth (Western Australia) in 2013. These guidelines cover both indirect potable reuse and direct potable reuse (DPR) and outline the steps that must be followed in the planning and validation of such schemes. This paper summarizes: (i) recent work carried out in Australia on treatment trains and technologies suitable for DPR; (ii) sustainability considerations of DPR and how it compares with other water supply options; and (iii) developments in community education and engagement in the potable reuse space.

Towards indirect potable reuse in South East Queensland

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Traves ◽  
E. A. Gardner ◽  
B. Dennien ◽  
D. Spiller
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Water Project ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Potable Water Supply ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse

Faced with limited water supply options in the longer term and the worst drought on record in the short term, the Queensland Government is constructing the Western Corridor Recycled Water Project which will supply up to 182 ML/day of purified recycled water for industrial and potable purposes. The project is one of a suite of capital works projects in progress which in the longer term will supply up to 10% of the region's potable water supply.

scholarly journals Indirect Potable Reuse: A Sustainable Water Supply Alternative

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1174-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemencia Rodriguez ◽  
Paul Van Buynder ◽  
Richard Lugg ◽  
Palenque Blair ◽  
Brian Devine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Sustainable Water Supply ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse

Using a membrane bioreactor/reverse osmosis system for indirect potable reuse

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lozier ◽  
A. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse ◽  
The City

The City of McAllen, Texas, with the assistance of CH2M HILL, has pilot tested an integrated membrane bioreactor (MBR)/reverse osmosis (RO) treatment train to reclaim municipal wastewater to a quality suitable for use as a new drinking water supply in the process called indirect potable reuse. Previous testing by the City (Phase 1) demonstrated the applicability and cost of microfiltration (Memcor and ZeeWeed systems) to enhance the quality of secondary effluent for subsequent treatment by RO and the feasibility of a membrane bioreactor system (ZenoGem) to produce RO feedwater directly from minimally processed sewage. Phase 2 testing, reported on in this paper, is designed to demonstrate reliable operation of MBR/RO treatment for processing screened, degritted sewage and that the effluent from such a train can meet all federal primary and State secondary drinking water regulations and comply with anticipated State requirements for indirect potable reuse. Results show the ZenoGem process to be reliable, require minimal operator attention and maintenance, produce an effluent that can be processed by RO with little fouling and that easily exceeds the City's current effluent discharge requirements relative to BOD, TSS and ammonia. The ZenoGem permeate quality exceeds RO feedwater criteria for turbidity and silt density index and RO system performance confirms minimal membrane fouling by particles. However, the high calcium hardness and phosphate levels in the City's wastewater (and ZenoGem permeate) caused mineral precipitation within the RO system when operated at higher recoveries. Precipitation can be controlled, however, by increased acidification of the RO feedwater.

A Review of Water Reuse and Recycling, with Reference to Canadian Practice and Potential: 2. Applications

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Exall
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The World ◽  
Housing Corporation ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse ◽  
Treated Municipal Wastewater

Abstract Common water reuse applications include agricultural and landscape irrigation with treated municipal wastewater, industrial recirculation of process waters, rainwater collection, and groundwater recharge for non-potable and indirect potable reuse. As compared to other countries worldwide, water reuse is currently practised infrequently in Canada, with the focus of most of the water reuse effort within Canada on agricultural irrigation applications. Landscape irrigation and other non-potable urban uses are practised to some extent, but provide an opportunity for expanded application of reclaimed water. Similarly, while water recycling is practised to various degrees within specific industrial sectors, further industrial water reuse and recycling affords an opportunity to conserve large volumes of water. The Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) has supported a great deal of research into treatment and reuse of domestic greywater for non-potable uses within individual buildings, as well as some work on rainwater collection and use. Groundwater recharge and potable reuse are practised to some extent in extremely dry regions of the world, but public health concerns with respect to emerging trace contaminants may limit the spread of these reuse applications. The main issues associated with each of the above applications are reviewed, and the state of Canadian water reuse and recycling is described.

Treatment of Trace Organic Compounds by Membrane Processes: At the Lake Arrowhead Water Reuse Pilot Plant

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno B. Levine ◽  
Kapal Madireddi ◽  
Valentina Lazarova ◽  
Michael K. Stenstrom ◽  
Mel Suffet
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Neutral Compounds ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse ◽  
Trace Organic

Organic and trace organic performance data for ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) at the Lake Arrowhead water reclamation pilot plant are analyzed to determine the treatment efficiency of these processes in an indirect potable reuse design. Four organic parameters were studied: dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ultra-violet absorbance at 254 nm (UV-254), SUVA and base neutral analysis (BNA). UF and NF removed the larger compounds from the influent, but had no significant impact on the base neutral fraction with the exception of sterols. The RO process removed DOC and UV-absorbance compounds from the effluent to their respective detection limits. Base neutral compounds were significantly removed by RO, leaving at extremely low concentrations small molecular weight compounds, indicating indirect potable reuse is technically feasible.

Source to Tap Risk Assessment for Intermittent Water Supply Systems in Arid Regions: An Integrated FTA—Fuzzy FMEA Methodology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husnain Haider ◽  
Mohammed Hammed Alkhowaiter ◽  
M. D. Shafiquzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Alresheedi ◽  
Saleem S. AlSaleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Intermittent Water Supply ◽  
Fuzzy Fmea ◽  
Supply Systems

STUDY ON BISPHENOL F, A BISPHENOL A ANALOGUE, AT A DAIRY COMPANY: HEALTH HAZARD AND RISK ASSESSMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 112334
Author(s):  
Serena Santonicola ◽  
Stefania Albrizio ◽  
Maria Carmela Ferrante ◽  
Mercogliano Raffaelina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Bisphenol F ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk Assessment
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