scholarly journals An Australian perspective on DPR: technologies, sustainability and community acceptance

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian B. Law
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Community Acceptance ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse ◽  
Direct Potable Reuse

Australia has had guidelines in place for water recycling (for all uses other than potable reuse) since 2006. These guidelines were extended in May 2008 to cover potable reuse and have since been applied to two potable reuse schemes – one in Brisbane (Queensland) in 2011 and the second in Perth (Western Australia) in 2013. These guidelines cover both indirect potable reuse and direct potable reuse (DPR) and outline the steps that must be followed in the planning and validation of such schemes. This paper summarizes: (i) recent work carried out in Australia on treatment trains and technologies suitable for DPR; (ii) sustainability considerations of DPR and how it compares with other water supply options; and (iii) developments in community education and engagement in the potable reuse space.

scholarly journals Direct potable reuse – a feasible water management option

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lahnsteiner ◽  
P. van Rensburg ◽  
J. Esterhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Biological Activated Carbon ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse ◽  
Direct Potable Reuse ◽  
Carbon Filtration ◽  
Long Term Experience

Abstract Direct potable reuse (DPR) can be more economic than indirect potable reuse as no environmental buffer is needed and conveyance and blending of the purified water with other potable sources is basically less expensive. Long-term experience in Windhoek (48 years) shows that treated domestic sewage can be safely and cost-efficiently utilized for potable reclamation (0.72 €/m3). A multiple barrier strategy is employed in order to attain the highest possible safety levels. There are three types of barriers: non-treatment, treatment and operational barriers. In recent years, new DPR schemes have been implemented in South Africa and in the USA, and the major difference between all the new reclamation processes and the Windhoek New Goreangab water reclamation plant lies in the employment of desalination process units. This topic and other issues, such as the use of ozone and biological activated carbon filtration, are addressed. Reclamation process optimization (increase in sustainability) and the attainment of greater public acceptance are the major challenges facing the promotion of DPR, which should become a common and widely used water management option within the next 5–10 years.

Risk management and environmental benefits of a prospective system for indirect potable reuse of municipal wastewater in France

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1533-1540
Author(s):  
C. Remy ◽  
W. Seis ◽  
U. Miehe ◽  
J. Orsoni ◽  
J. Bortoli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse

Abstract This paper presents the assessment of a planned scheme of indirect potable reuse (IPR) in the Vendée region of France in its potential risks for human health and ecosystems, and also in its overall environmental impacts. Methods of risk assessment (quantitative microbial and chemical risk assessment) and life cycle assessment (LCA) are used to characterize the risk associated with the use of reclaimed water for IPR, but also the environmental benefits compared with other options for additional drinking water supply. The LCA results show that IPR is competitive with other options of water supply in its energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. Pathogens as the main health hazard are controlled effectively by existing and planned preventive measures. For chemicals the number of potentially relevant substances could be reduced substantially by the assessment. A demonstrator phase should now be implemented to validate the outcomes of this prospective assessment by improving data quality of the initial state and by monitoring effective impacts in an operating mode.

Towards indirect potable reuse in South East Queensland

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Traves ◽  
E. A. Gardner ◽  
B. Dennien ◽  
D. Spiller
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Water Project ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Potable Water Supply ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse

Faced with limited water supply options in the longer term and the worst drought on record in the short term, the Queensland Government is constructing the Western Corridor Recycled Water Project which will supply up to 182 ML/day of purified recycled water for industrial and potable purposes. The project is one of a suite of capital works projects in progress which in the longer term will supply up to 10% of the region's potable water supply.

scholarly journals Indirect Potable Reuse: A Sustainable Water Supply Alternative

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1174-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemencia Rodriguez ◽  
Paul Van Buynder ◽  
Richard Lugg ◽  
Palenque Blair ◽  
Brian Devine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Sustainable Water Supply ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse

Community acceptance for indirect potable reuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dan Healy ◽  
Duncan Middleton ◽  
Doug Owen ◽  
Andrew Salveson ◽  
Jeremy Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Community Acceptance ◽  
Indirect Potable Reuse

scholarly journals Validation of the Goreangab Reclamation Plant in Windhoek, Namibia against the 2008 Australian Guidelines for Water Recycling

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian B. Law ◽  
Jurgen Menge ◽  
David Cunliffe
Keyword(s):  
Cost Savings ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Membrane Process ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Direct Potable Reuse ◽  
Very High

Australia has had Guidelines in place for water recycling (for all uses other than the augmentation of drinking water supplies) since 2006. These Guidelines were extended to cover potable reuse in May 2008 and have been applied to two potable reuse projects in Australia – one a trial plant in Perth, Western Australia and the second for a large AUD$2.6 × 109 scheme in Brisbane, Queensland. All reclamation plants in Australia must be ‘validated’ against the Australian Guidelines for Water Recycling prior to being put into operation. The majority of advanced reuse schemes incorporate the dual membrane process – microfiltration or ultrafiltration followed by reverse osmosis (RO) – in the treatment trains and while this membrane based treatment has been shown to produce a very high quality of product water, it does come at a cost and there is renewed interest in alternative treatment technologies that offer cost savings and are more sustainable. This paper uses data gathered in Australia from a range of advanced reclamation plants, as well as design and actual performance criteria from the Goreangab Plant, to ‘validate’ the latter and, given the longevity of the Windhoek direct potable reuse experience, lend support to more serious consideration of non-RO based plants for potable reuse applications.

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