Spatio-temporal variation of groundwater contamination using IEA-UEF in urban areas of Jilin City, North-eastern China

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1277-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Nan ◽  
Liu Bo ◽  
Xiao Changlai
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Groundwater monitoring wells located in urban areas of Jilin City were sampled from 1980 to 2009 for eight groundwater quality parameters: pH, SO42−, Cl−, NO3−-N, NO2− -N, NH4+-N, F−, and total hardness (TH). The data were analysed by a universal exponential formula based on an immune evolutionary algorithm, and later mapped with the Kriging interpolation method. The primary objectives were to assess the main parameters that influenced groundwater quality and the spatio-temporal variability of groundwater contamination over several years. The results showed that NO3−, NH4+, and TH were the main parameters that influenced groundwater quality. Spatially, groundwater was polluted in all urban areas to varying degrees, and the Jiangbei district was the most heavily polluted location. Temporally, the groundwater contamination status could generally be classified into four stages and showed the following pattern during 1980–2009: heavy – light – heavy – light.

scholarly journals Noise Impact Assessment of Thermal Plant Facilities on Receptor Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (Issue 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A Olu-Arotiowa ◽  
J.A Adeniran ◽  
R.O Yusuf ◽  
M.O Abdulraheem ◽  
A.S Aremu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method

Noise pollution is considered as a serious environmental nuisance in the urban areas. This study has used the VDI code 2714 to investigate the impacts of the noise from all the power generation and ancilliary facilities in the proposed Independent Power Plant, Agbara, Ogun State receptor environment. Kriging interpolation method in SurferR 8.0 software to predict noise emission levels within the fence line of the proposed Independent Power Plant. Calculations of possible noise levels at some receptors locations around the plant were carried out using the VDI code 2714. Four operation scenarios were considered in this study. The scenarios considered include: Noise emission from power generation facilities only (Scenario 1); Noise from the use of Compressors and Transformers (Scenario 2); Noise emission from the operation of power generation and ancillary equipment (Scenario 3); and Noise emission from the use of Backup Generators (Scenario 4). The maximum noise from the four scenarios were 112.34, 114.58, 116.61 and 110.01 dB(A), respectively, which is above the 8-hour 90 dB(A) limit recommended by the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv). The operation of the proposed power plant will not have significant impact on the receptor environments except for Karogbaji which receives less than 12 dB(A) for the worst-case scenario (Scenario 3). The modeling results show that the predicted noise levels generated by the proposed operation would generally be within the established noise criteria at all the receptor locations under all conditions.

scholarly journals GIS-Based Spatiotemporal Mapping of Groundwater Potability and Palatability Indices in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1323
Author(s):  
Tariq Judeh ◽  
Hanbing Bian ◽  
Isam Shahrour
Keyword(s):  
Interpolation Method ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
The West ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Spatiotemporal Mapping ◽  
Unconfined Aquifers ◽  
Weighted Arithmetic ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method

This paper aims to assess groundwater potability and palatability in the West Bank, Palestine. It combines the adjusted weighted arithmetic water quality index method (AWAWQIM), a close-ended questionnaire, and step-wise assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) to develop groundwater potability (PoGWQI) and palatability (PaGWQI) indices. Both a geographic information system (GIS) and the kriging interpolation method (KIM) are employed to create spatiotemporal mapping of PoGWQI and PaGWQI. The research is based on data from 79 wells, which were provided by the Palestinian Water Authority (PWA). Data include fecal coliform (FC), nitrate (NO3), pH, chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO4), bicarbonate (HCO3), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, and hardness. Results indicate that 2% and 5% of water samples were unpotable and unpalatable, respectively. Unpotable samples were found in areas with poor sewer networks and intensive use of agrochemicals. All groundwater samples (100%) in the eastern part of the West Bank were unpalatable because of seawater intrusion. Unconfined aquifers were more vulnerable to potability and palatability contamination. It was noticed that PoGWQI is sensitive to FC and NO3, while PaGWQI is sensitive to HCO3, TDS, and Cl. Consequently, these quality parameters should be monitored well. The proposed method is of great interest to water decision-makers in Palestine for establishing strategies to protect water resources.

scholarly journals Spatial Justice of a Chinese Metropolis: A Perspective on Housing Price-to-Income Ratios in Nanjing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanggang Yin ◽  
Zhifei Ma ◽  
Weixuan Song ◽  
Chunhui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method ◽  
Income Ratio

The housing price-to-income ratio is an important index for measuring the health of real estate, as well as detecting residents’ housing affordability and regional spatial justice. This paper considers 1833 residential districts in one main urban area and three secondary urban areas in Nanjing during the period 2009–2017 as research units. It also simulates and estimates the spatial distribution of the housing price-to-income ratio with the kriging interpolation method of geographic information system (GIS) geostatistical analysis and constructs a housing spatial justice model by using housing price, income, and housing price-to-income ratio. The research results prove that in the one main urban area and the three secondary urban areas considered, the housing price-to-income ratio tended on the whole to rise, presenting a core edge model of a progressive decrease from the Main Urban Area to the secondary urban areas spatially, with high-value areas centered around famous school districts and new town centers. The housing spatial justice degree presented a trend opposite to that of the housing price-to-income ratio pattern; it progressively decreased from the secondary urban areas to the Main Urban Area. Furthermore, the spatial justice degree tended to decrease in the new towns, in the periphery of the Main Urban Area, and in the secondary urban areas, and it tended to rise, relatively, in the inner urban areas. The enhancement of the housing price-to-income ratio has caused the urban housing spatial justice degree to become gradually imbalanced, gradually squeezing out the poor and vulnerable groups to urban fringe areas and leading to a phenomenon of middle class stratification. This has thus aroused social problems such as housing differentiation and class solidification, etc., and has caused inequality in social spaces. Tt is therefore urgently necessary to reflect on urban space production with the value and principle of spatial justice, which is also the only way to obtain urban sustainable development, in mind.

scholarly journals Hydro-chemical Survey and Quantifying Spatial Variations in Groundwater Quality in Coastal Region of Chennai, Tamilnadu, India – a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishan Singh Rawat ◽  
T. German Amali Jacintha ◽  
Sudhir Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Dissolved Solids

The good quality of groundwater is important for the purpose of future planning and management. The present study has been undertaken to provide an overview on the status of groundwater quality through physicochemical parameters namely pH, alkalinity, total hardness, total dissolved solids, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, phosphate and iron through laboratory analysis. Samples have been collected from seven wells located in Chennai costal region of state Tamilnadu, India. The laboratory-based results shows that the mean value of pH is 7.29, alkalinity (308.57 mg/l), total hardness (285.71 mg/l), chloride (175.71 mg/l), iron (0.71 mg/l), nitrate (13.57 mg/l), phosphorus (2.71 mg/l) and total dissolved solids (924 mg/l), respectively. The geo-database water quality parameters were created in Geographical an Information System. Further, the kriging a geo-statistical method of interpolation is applied to know the health of groundwater in the then-sampled area. This interpolation method has been used to predict spatial distribution physicochemical parameters in the form of contour. Local planners and policy makers may utilize these results for efficient management of groundwater resources in this area.

A New Prediction Method of Soil Pollution

2014 ◽  
Vol 908 ◽  
pp. 387-391
Author(s):  
Ze Yuan Yu ◽  
Xiao Lin Chen ◽  
Zhi Tao Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
New Method ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method

A new method for predicting soil pollution with lead pollution in a city as the research object is established. We use this particular method and the Kriging Interpolation method to simulate the spatial distribution of heavy metals in soil. Select the 20 sampling points as the cross-validation data set. Compare and analyze two kinds of interpolation methods. The results showed that: the new method is more suitable for urban areas contaminated with mutations since it has high prediction accuracy there. Analysis of soil with heavy metal contamination soil is premise of soil remediation and ecological restoration. Research results possess significant values for theories which choose different interpolation simulation methods according to different purposes.

Numerical Investigation of the Identifiability of Elastomer Mechanical Properties by Nano-Indentation and Shape-Manifold Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumaima Ezzaamari ◽  
Guénhaël Le Quilliec ◽  
Florian Lacroix ◽  
Stéphane Méo
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Nano Indentation ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method ◽  
Elastomeric Materials ◽  
Hyper Elastic ◽  
Characterization Test

ABSTRACT Various research is covering instrumented nano-indentation in the literature. However, studies on this characterization test remain limited when it comes to the local mechanical behavior of elastomeric materials. The application of nano-indentation on these materials is a difficult task given their complex mechanical and structural characteristics. We try to overcome these experimental limitations and find an effective numerical approach for local mechanical characterization of hyper-elastic materials. For such needs, we carried out a numerical study based on model reduction and shape manifold approach to investigate the parameters identification of different hyper-elastic constitutive laws by using instrumented indentation. Similarly, we studied the influence of the indenter geometry, the friction coefficient variation, and finally the indented material height effect. To this end, we constructed a reduced order model through a design of experiments by proper orthogonal decomposition combined with the kriging interpolation method.

Spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters for groundwater quality evaluation in a part of Satluj River Basin, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1480-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Kumar Chaudhry ◽  
Kamal Kumar ◽  
Mohammad Afaq Alam
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Physico Chemical

Abstract The rising population, contamination and mismanagement of groundwater worldwide require sustainable management techniques and strategies to prevent misuse of groundwater resources especially in the semi-arid regions of the world. The aim of the present study is to assess the distribution of contaminants in groundwater at a spatial level by using a geostatistical method, namely ordinary kriging. For this, a physico-chemical parameter data set at 14 sampling locations for a period over 25 years was assessed. Three semi-variogram models, namely exponential, Gaussian and spherical, fitted well for the data set and were cross-validated using predictive statistics. Based on nugget/sill ratio, which characterizes the overall spatial dependence of water quality parameters, it was observed that, apart from nitrate, all the other parameters showed moderate to weak spatial dependence (i.e. total hardness), indicating significant influence of urbanization, fertilization and industrialization. Spatial distribution maps of all the parameters were generated. Concentration of most of the parameters reported high values in the northern region, while silicon dioxide and potassium recorded high values in the southern and central regions of the study area respectively. The study highlighted the depleting groundwater resources in various regions of the study area, indicating that the groundwater quality is in a declining state.

scholarly journals Estimation of Ice Thickness and the Features of Subglacial Media Detected by Ground Penetrating Radar at the Baishui River Glacier No. 1 in Mt. Yulong, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4105
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Shijin Wang ◽  
Yuanqing He ◽  
Yuqiang Li ◽  
Yuzhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Grid Data ◽  
Differential Gps ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method ◽  
Bedrock Surface ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Using ground-penetrating radar (GPR), we measured and estimated the ice thickness of the Baishui River Glacier No. 1 of Yulong Snow Mountain. According to the position of the reflected media from the GPR image, combined with the radar waveform amplitude and polarity change information, the ice thickness and the changing medium position at the bottom of this temperate glacier were identified. Water paths were found in the measured ice, including ice caves and crevasses. A debris-rich ice layer was found at the bottom of the glacier, which produces strong abrasion and ploughing action at the bedrock surface. This results in the formation of different detrital layers stagnated at the ice-bedrock interface and numerous crevasses on the bedrock surface. Based on the obtained ice thickness and differential GPS data, combined with Landsat images, the kriging interpolation method was used to obtain grid data. The average ice thickness was 52.48 m and between 4740 and 4890 m above sea level, with a maximum depth of 92.83 m. The bedrock topography map of this area was drawn using digital elevation model from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. The central part of the glacier was characterized by small ice basins with distributed ice steps and ice ridges at the upper and lower parts.

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