Spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters for groundwater quality evaluation in a part of Satluj River Basin, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1480-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Kumar Chaudhry ◽  
Kamal Kumar ◽  
Mohammad Afaq Alam
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Physico Chemical

Abstract The rising population, contamination and mismanagement of groundwater worldwide require sustainable management techniques and strategies to prevent misuse of groundwater resources especially in the semi-arid regions of the world. The aim of the present study is to assess the distribution of contaminants in groundwater at a spatial level by using a geostatistical method, namely ordinary kriging. For this, a physico-chemical parameter data set at 14 sampling locations for a period over 25 years was assessed. Three semi-variogram models, namely exponential, Gaussian and spherical, fitted well for the data set and were cross-validated using predictive statistics. Based on nugget/sill ratio, which characterizes the overall spatial dependence of water quality parameters, it was observed that, apart from nitrate, all the other parameters showed moderate to weak spatial dependence (i.e. total hardness), indicating significant influence of urbanization, fertilization and industrialization. Spatial distribution maps of all the parameters were generated. Concentration of most of the parameters reported high values in the northern region, while silicon dioxide and potassium recorded high values in the southern and central regions of the study area respectively. The study highlighted the depleting groundwater resources in various regions of the study area, indicating that the groundwater quality is in a declining state.

scholarly journals Physico–Chemical analysis of groundwater quality near the salt-pans of Thoothukudi Districts, Tamilnadu, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Jacob Vincent ◽  
Chandra Lekha ◽  
Bagavathi ◽  
Bala Vijaya ◽  
Bhuvaneshwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Fresh Groundwater ◽  
Salt Pans ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

The present hydrogeochemical study was confined to the Thoothukudi District in Tamilnadu, India.The groundwater quality near the salt-pans are polluted due to intensive pumping of fresh groundwater which has caused salt water to intrude into the fresh water aquifers. The major water quality parameters such as pH, Electrical conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Chloride and Sulphate etc. were analyzed.

scholarly journals A Research on Pre-Monsoon and Post-Monsoon Physico-Chemical Parameters of Groundwater of Velliangadu Village, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 394-396
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Physico Chemical

Groundwater quality plays an important role in conservation of water resources not only for the present generation but also for the future generation. Each and every harvest season witness excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers in the agricultural fields. During a monsoon season these potential hazards leaches into the soil and mixes with the groundwater. This paper aimed at studying the Physico – chemical parameters of pre- and post-monsoon groundwater quality of Velliangadu Village of Coimbatore district in the state of Tamil Nadu to reveal the water quality parameters before and after a monsoon season. The Physico-chemical parameters considered for drinking water like pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, chlorides etc. were analysed for pre-monsoon and postmonsoon groundwater samples collected from different areas and compared.

scholarly journals Assessment of groundwater quality in Bhavani region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
PERUMAL KARTHIKEYAN ◽  
Jabar Abdul Bari ◽  
Vennila G
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Weighted Interpolation ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

This work deals with the spatial distribution of groundwater quality parameters and their interrelationship in Bhavani Taluk, Erode District, Tami Nadu, India. The present study deals with the suitability of groundwater quality for drinking purpose in Bhavani Taluk, Erode District, India and to determine the spatial distribution groundwater quality parameters by using ArcGIS. The groundwater samples of 53 wells from the study region are collected and are tested in the laboratory to determine the physico-chemical parameters and the obtained results determined the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes by comparing with WHO standards. From the result, groundwater quality zones were identified as Good (423.10 sq.km), Moderate (155.70 sq.km) and Poor zones (63.18 sq.km) by inverse distance method weighted interpolation techniques from the spatial distribution map using ArcGIS. The study indicates that about half of the groundwater is not suitable for drinking due to by the excessive usage of fertilizers and necessary treatment has to be undertaken before drinking water supply.

scholarly journals Hydro-chemical Survey and Quantifying Spatial Variations in Groundwater Quality in Coastal Region of Chennai, Tamilnadu, India – a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishan Singh Rawat ◽  
T. German Amali Jacintha ◽  
Sudhir Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Dissolved Solids

The good quality of groundwater is important for the purpose of future planning and management. The present study has been undertaken to provide an overview on the status of groundwater quality through physicochemical parameters namely pH, alkalinity, total hardness, total dissolved solids, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, phosphate and iron through laboratory analysis. Samples have been collected from seven wells located in Chennai costal region of state Tamilnadu, India. The laboratory-based results shows that the mean value of pH is 7.29, alkalinity (308.57 mg/l), total hardness (285.71 mg/l), chloride (175.71 mg/l), iron (0.71 mg/l), nitrate (13.57 mg/l), phosphorus (2.71 mg/l) and total dissolved solids (924 mg/l), respectively. The geo-database water quality parameters were created in Geographical an Information System. Further, the kriging a geo-statistical method of interpolation is applied to know the health of groundwater in the then-sampled area. This interpolation method has been used to predict spatial distribution physicochemical parameters in the form of contour. Local planners and policy makers may utilize these results for efficient management of groundwater resources in this area.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in the Vicinity of Khurrianwala Industrial Zone, Pakistan

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aleem ◽  
Cao Shun ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Arslan Aslam ◽  
Wu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
National Environmental

The industrial augmentation and unguided anthropogenic activities contaminate water sources in most parts of the world especially in developing countries like Pakistan. High concentration of pollutants in groundwater affects human, soil, and crop health badly. The present study was conducted to investigate groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes in an industrial zone of Pakistan. A GIS tool was used to investigate the spatial distribution of different physico-chemical parameters. In this study, the average results exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) and National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) were found for pH 7.84, total dissolved solids (TDS) 1492 mg/L, phosphate 0.51 mg/L, dissolved oxygen (DO) 9.92% saturation, F-coli 6.48 colonies/100 mL, Na+ 366 mg/L, HCO3− 771 mg/L, sulfate 251 mg/L, chlorides 427 mg/L, total hardness (as CaCO3) 292 mg/L, electrical conductivity (EC) 2408 μS/cm, iron (Fe) 0.48 mg/L, chrome (Cr) 0.50 mg/L, arsenic (As) 0.04 mg/L, total phosphorus (TP) 0.17 mg/L, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) 9.76 (in meq/L), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) 9.28 meq/L, % ion balance 14.4 (in meq/L), percentage sodium ion (% Na+) concentration 58.9 meq/L, and water quality index (WQI) 69.0. The trend of cations and anions were (in meq/L) Na > Mg > Ca > K and HCO3 > Cl > CO3 > SO4 respectively. Although the results of the present study showed poor conditions of the groundwater for drinking as WQI but and irrigation purposes as SAR, it needs to improve some more conditions for the provision of safe drinking water and irrigation water quality.

scholarly journals EVALUATION GROUNDWATER QUALITY BY USING GIS AND WATER QUALITY INDEX TECHNIQUES FOR WELLS IN BARDARASH AREA, NORTHERN IRAQ

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2C) ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Kaiwan Fatah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Poor Water Quality

Studying groundwater quality in arid and semi-arid regions is essential significant because it is used as a foremost alternative source for various purposes (human and animal consumption, economic, agriculture and irrigation). Geographic Information System and Water Quality Index techniques were utilized for visualizing and evaluating the variations of groundwater quality in the studied area. Total twelve wells were sampled and twelve groundwater quality (chemical) parameters; pH, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness (TH), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Potassium (K), Nitrate (NO3), Sulfate (SO4), Chloride (Cl), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg) and Sodium (Na) were analyzed in the laboratory. Inverse Distance Weighted technique was used as a useful tool to create and anticipate spatial variation maps of the chemical parameters. Predicting or anticipating other areas not measured, identifying them and making use of them in the future without examining samples. The results of this research showed that 8.3% of the studied wells have excellent groundwater quality, and almost sampling wells about 75% found in good groundwater quality, while findings of groundwater quality of 16.7% studied wells belong to poor water quality due to standards of Water Quality Index. Moreover, spatial analysis in term of groundwater quality map showed that Excellent groundwater quality was detected in well 3, very good groundwater potential was noticed in six studied wells (wells 2, 6, 8, 10, 11 and 12), and other sampling wells (wells 4 and 7) were observed as good groundwater quality, while poor water quality was observed in wells (well 1 and 5). Hence, spatial distribution maps showed that the almost groundwater quality in the area about 1046.82 km² (99.04%) are suitable for drinking purpose, whereas proximate 10.18 km² (0.96%) are observed as poor water quality and inappropriate for consumptions especially in the southern part of the area.

A GIS-based assessment of spatial groundwater quality for drinking purposes in Asmara City, Eritrea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabral Mogos Asghede ◽  
Dawit Berhane Hagos
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Drinking Purposes ◽  
Supply Problem

<p><strong>Abstract</strong>: Presently the water-supply problem in the Asmara area has reached to a critical level. Using a GIS-based method this study identifies the spatial variability of the groundwater quality in the Asmara Area which could be an alternative source. The results show that, the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), Chloride (Cl<sup>-</sup>), Nitrates (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sulphate (SO<sub>4</sub>) and pH are 791.71, 569.12, 124.41, 64.46, 155.60, 46.64, 159.26 and 7.72 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, the zone map of the developed groundwater quality shows that the potable water without treatment covers about 35%, and the potable water in the absence of better alternate sources covers about 58% of the total area. The remaining, 7.04% of the total, falls under non-potable groundwater quality. The verification of the spatialanalysis demonstrates that the framework is the first one in Eritrea and could be used as a potential prediction for the assessment of the spatial groundwater quality in the countries with further verification results. Hence, the delineation of groundwater quality zones and establishment of a GIS-based database will easily help the decision makersto monitor and plan the utilization of the groundwater resources in the study area.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Groundwater quality; physicochemical parameters; GIS spatial analysis; framework</p>

Ground Water Use Near an Open Dumpsite in a Peri-urban Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-257
Author(s):  
O.A. Mokuolu ◽  
I. Olaniyi ◽  
J.O. Iji
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Residential Community ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Turbidity ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Iron Manganese

Quality of groundwater used for drinking and domestic purposes near an open dumpsite was investigated. Groundwater parameters for wells GW1, GW2, GW3 and GW4 were analysed and their values were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). Physico-chemical and bacteriological analysis were carried out to determine the quality. Parameters analysed include; Temperature, Turbidity, Total Hardness, pH, Alkalinity, Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids, Total Solids, Magnesium, E-coli, Calcium, Nitrate, BOD, COD, DO, Chloride, Sulphate, Iron, Manganese and Lead. The results indicated that all parameters except turbidity, iron and lead were within the standards, all samples showed high concentration of iron and lead while GW1, GW2 and GW3 showed high Turbidity. The study concluded that groundwater situated around the dumpsite is unfit for drinking purposes. An engineered landfill located away from residential community was recommended.

Characteristics of Hydrogeochemistry and Groundwater Quality in a Riverbank Filtration Site, Northeastern China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanguo Teng ◽  
Yuanzheng Zhai ◽  
Haiyang Chen ◽  
Ruihui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Spatial Distribution Patterns

<p>Studies on hydrogeochemical characteristics and an assessment of the groundwater quality for drinking purposes were conducted in and around the riverside source field of Wuchang, Northeast China. Twenty-seven and twenty-three shallow groundwater samples were collected for measuring on-site parameters and major components in the years 2000 and 2014, respectively. In 2014, the average concentrations of major ions of shallow groundwater were found to be in the following order: Ca<sup>2+</sup>> Na<sup>+</sup>> Mg<sup>2+</sup>> K<sup>+</sup> for cations and HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>> SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>> Cl<sup>-</sup>> NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> for anions. The spatial distribution patterns of K<sup>+</sup> and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> had no obvious regularity, whereas Cl<sup>-</sup> and Na<sup>+ </sup>showed similar spatial distribution patterns. Ca-HCO<sub>3</sub> and mixed type water were the dominant hydrochemical types. The analysis of the SI values for minerals and the Gibbs plot illustrated that the concentrations of major components were mainly controlled by rock weathering, such as the dissolution of calcite, dolomite, halite, gypsum and aragonite, followed by ion exchange. Indicators, such as Total hardness (TH), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Cl<sup>-</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2- </sup>and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, were selected to assess the groundwater quality using a comprehensive evaluation method of dividing the groundwater quality into five classes: excellent, good, fair, poor and very poor water. The results showed that 7.4% and 34.8% of the total groundwater sample in 2000 and 2014, respectively, were unsuitable for drinking use, indicating that the shallow groundwater quality has gradually worsened in the past few decades. The concentration of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>- </sup>was a major factor that influenced the observed groundwater quality changes.</p><p><strong>Acknowledgments </strong></p><p>This study was supported by the NSFC (No.41877355), Beijing Advanced Innovation Program for Land Surface Science, and the 111 Project of China (B18006).</p>

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of salinity, mud thickness and slope along mangrove ecosystem of the coast of Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
JERIELS MATATULA ◽  
ERNY POEDJIRAHAJOE ◽  
SATYAWAN PUDYATMOKO ◽  
RONGGO SADONO
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Conditions

Abstract. Matatula J, Poedjirahajoe E, Pudyatmoko S, Sadono R. 2019. Spatial distribution of salinity, mud thickness and slope along mangrove ecosystem of the coast of Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1624-1632. Mangrove ecosystem is suffering from continuous damage in terms of quality as well as quantity. Rapid mangrove conversion triggered by the ever-growing human population and activities have affected them adversely and caused mangrove deterioration in the coastal areas of Kupang District, Indonesia. The decline of quality and quantity of mangrove environment has caused highly alarming effects, such as an increase in abrasion, decrease of marine products, and sea-water intrusion. Although various efforts have been deployed for the rehabilitation of mangrove forests, there are no significant results yet. One of the reasons is such efforts are not based on scientific data on suitability of the physico-chemical conditions of the mangrove habitats. The objectives of this study was to analyse the physico-chemical conditions, such as salinity, mud thickness and slope of five selected mangrove locations, namely Tarus, Mata Air, Tanah Merah, Oebelo and Merdeka in Kupang District by systematic sampling method and to prepare spatial distribution maps for each of these parameters. Salinity conditions showed a wide variation in the study locations, starting from 10 ppm to 38.33 ppm. Mud thickness ranged from 20.11 cm to 84.77 cm in the entire study area. The highest mud thickness of 84.77 cm was found in Tanah Merah, followed by Oebelo with the maximum thickness of 74.66 cm, Mata Air with 56.22 cm, Merdeka with 53.66 cm, and the lowest mud thickness was in Tarus with 53.55 cm. Mangrove locations in Kupang District are dominated with 2-3% slope. The study indicated that the habitat conditions in the coastal area of Kupang District are suitable for the growth of mangroves. This study will also provide the basis to plan future mangrove rehabilitation programs in the study area.

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