Comparison of sand and membrane filtration as non-chemical pre-treatment strategies for pesticide removal with nanofiltration/low pressure reverse osmosis membranes

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof P. Kowalski ◽  
Henrik T. Madsen ◽  
Erik G. Søgaard
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Pesticide Removal ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Uf Membranes

Pilot plant investigations of sand and membrane filtration (microfiltration (MF)/ultrafiltration (UF)/nanofiltration (NF)/low pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO)) have been performed to treat groundwater polluted with pesticides. The results show that simple treatment, with use of aeration and sand filtration or MF/UF membranes, does not remove pesticides. However, by reducing the content of key foulants, the techniques can be used as a pre-treatment for nanofiltration and low pressure reverse osmosis that has proved to be capable of removing pesticides. It was found that a lower fouling potential could be obtained by using the membranes, but that sand filter was better at removing manganese and dissolved organic matter. The results indicate that combining aeration, sand filtration and membrane techniques might be a good option for pesticide removal without any addition of chemicals and minimized membrane maintenance.

Ozone enhanced ceramic membrane filtration for wastewater recycling

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
P. Spencer ◽  
S. Domingos ◽  
B. Edwards ◽  
D. Howes ◽  
H. Shorney-Darby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Recycling ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Uf Membranes

Abstract The Water Corporation of Western Australia uses polymeric ultrafiltration (UF) membranes across a range of applications including surface waters with high natural organic matter (NOM), recycling of secondary treated wastewater and pre-treatment for seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO). These challenging raw water conditions require expensive chemical dosing and clean-in-place (CIP) regimes, high frequency of membrane replacement and reduced membrane life. The greater durability of ceramic membranes, with optimal ozone and coagulant dosing, offer a potential capital and operating advantage over polymeric UF membranes. The Water Corporation collaborated with PWN Technologies (PWNT) to establish a ceramic membrane pilot plant at the Beenyup Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). Optimised performance of the pilot plant was established and compared with existing UF membranes treating secondary treated wastewater prior to reverse osmosis (RO) in an indirect potable wastewater recycling application. Findings show a sustainable flux rate of 150 L/m2/h is achievable with ceramic MF membranes while filtering secondary treated wastewater. Higher flux rates up to 250 L/m2/h have been tested and are possibly sustainable, however, other bottlenecks in the pilot plant (ozone generator capacity) prevented longer test runs at this flux. Comparable design flux rates for polymeric UF membranes are 50 L/m2/h.

Membrane filtration of wastewater effluents for reuse: effluent organic matter rejection and fouling

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jarusutthirak ◽  
G. Amy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Effluent Organic Matter ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Uf Membranes ◽  
Stirred Cell ◽  
Filtration Unit

The reuse of treated wastewater to augment natural drinking water supplies is receiving serious consideration. Treatment of secondary and tertiary effluent by membrane filtration was investigated by assessing nanofiltration (NF) membrane and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes in bench-scale experiments. It was found that secondary and tertiary effluent contained high concentration of effluent organic matter (EfOM), contributing EfOM-related fouling. Flux decline and EfOM rejection tests were evaluated, using a dead-end stirred cell filtration unit. Surface charge and molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of membranes were significant factors in membrane performance including permeability and EfOM-rejection.

Effects of Backwashing on the Characteristics of Sand Filtration Effluents: Organic and Microbial Analyses

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 2921-2925
Author(s):  
Jian Li Lin ◽  
Chih Ming Kao ◽  
Jen Jeng Chen ◽  
Shao Wei Liao ◽  
Chung Yi Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Sand Particle ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Continuous Increase

In this study, the head loss, turbidity, particle size, and zeta potential were monitored from the effluent of the sand filtration system after backwashing located in Cheng-Ching Lake (CCL) Water Treatment Plant. Moreover, the non-purgeable dissolved organic matter (NPDOC) and excitation emission fluorescent matrix (EEFM) were measured for the collected water samples with or without the pretreatment process. Results indicate that the turbidity of the influent dropped to 0.06 NTU and remained stable after flowing through the sand filter during the 4-hr operation period. However, a continuous increase of the head loss and sand particle size for the sand filter was observed. This phenomenon was opposite with the absolute value of zeta potential. The water samples were collected from the effluent of the sand filter and were treated by a 0.2 μm membrane filter. Thus, higher NPDOC values of sample without pretreatment were observed in comparison with sample with treatment. Results indicate that the sand filter was able to remove NPDOC, and bacteria might proliferate among the sand filter in rapid filtration. Results from the EEFM analyses show that effluents without membrane filtration pretreatment contained a higher percentage of aromatic protein. Compared to the water samples without pretreatment, more humic-like substance was found in the effluent. This reveals that microbial products or bacteria were detached from the fillers after the backwashing process.

Identification and control of fouling of low-pressure (MF and UF) membranes by drinking-water natural organic matter

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lee ◽  
G. Amy ◽  
H. Habarou ◽  
J.C. Schrotter
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Gel Formation ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Organic Fouling ◽  
Pore Blockage ◽  
Uf Membranes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Filtration Flux

Natural organic matter (NOM) is responsible for organic fouling during membrane filtration. Flux decline can be affected by the characteristics of the NOM and its interaction with membranes and their associated properties. The results showed that serious flux decline observed for MF membranes may be caused by pore blockage associated with large (macromolecular) hydrophilic molecules. In the case of UF membranes, flux decline may be caused by sequential or simultaneous processes such as cake/gel formation with large (macromolecular) molecules and pore blockage with relatively smaller molecules during filtration. The flux decline tests with representative macromolecules showed that fouling was affected more by the physical characteristics (e.g. size and structure (shape)) of foulants than the characteristics (e.g. hydrophilicity) of foulants.

scholarly journals Characterization of secondary treated effluents for tertiary membrane filtration and water recycling

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ayache ◽  
M. Pidou ◽  
W. Gernjak ◽  
Y. Poussade ◽  
J.-P. Croué ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Chemical Cleaning ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Secondary Effluents

This study evaluates the impacts of water quality from three different secondary effluents on low pressure membrane fouling. Effluent organic matter (EfOM) has been reported by previous studies as responsible for membrane fouling. However, the contribution of the different components of EfOM to membrane fouling is still not well understood. In order to improve and optimize treatment processes, characterization and quantification of the organic matter are important. The characterization methods used in this study are liquid chromatography coupled with an organic detector (LC-OCD) and excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (EEM). A bench-scale hollow fibre membrane system was used to identify the type of fouling depending on the feed water quality. Results showed no measurable dissolved organic carbon removal by the membranes for the three secondary effluents. Biopolymers and humic-like substances found in different proportions in the three effluents were partially retained by the membranes and were identified to contribute significantly to the flux decline of the low pressure membranes. The observed fouling was determined to be reversible by hydraulic backwashing for two effluents and only by chemical cleaning for the third effluent.

Pre-treatment strategies for seawater desalination by reverse osmosis system

Desalination ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noka Prihasto ◽  
Qi-Feng Liu ◽  
Seung-Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Pre Treatment

Prevention of Biofouling in Industrial RO Systems: Experiences with Peracetic Acid

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W.B.P. van den Broek ◽  
M.J. Boorsma ◽  
H. Huiting ◽  
M.G. Dusamos ◽  
S. van Agtmaal
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Stable Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Damage

Biofouling is the major fouling type occurring in reverse osmosis (RO) plants treating surface water or effluent from a waste water treatment plant. Severe biofouling can result in operational problems, higher energy and chemical consumption and premature membrane replacement. There are different methods to control biofouling. One method is removal of nutrients in the pre-treatment of the membrane filtration plant, another method is periodic removal of biofouling by chemical cleanings or the use of chemicals to prevent biological growth in the RO systems. In this paper the results of experiments with peracetic acid on three different full scale plants are presented. Two of the plants are operated by Evides Industriewater, the third one by Bètawater, a subsidiary company for industry water of Waterleidingmaatschappij Drenthe (WMD). One of the main outcomes is that biofouling can be controlled fully on reverse osmosis (RO) plants with the applied method with a peracetic acid based product (Divosan Activ). If the proper measures are taken to avoid oxidation damage due to transition metals, this method with the environmental friendly product results in a stable process and savings by a significantly reduced CIP interval.

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