Optimisation meets the manager: a case study of the La Paz reservoir system

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 373-379
Author(s):  
M. Bender ◽  
M. Stanic ◽  
D. Luketina ◽  
D. Hranisavljevic
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
La Paz ◽  
Reservoir System ◽  
Operating Rules ◽  
Dynamic Operating ◽  
Optimal Dynamic ◽  
Optimisation Techniques ◽  
Level Of Risk

Managers must usually apply operating rules to optimise the use of water resources in a sustainable manner. Ideally a manager needs a set of near-optimal dynamic operating rules that are consistent with the objectives and level of risk set by the manager. The traditional approach for a reservoir is to develop fixed (static) rule curves based upon a statistical analysis. However, improved dynamic rules can be derived using optimisation techniques such as genetic algorithms. Also, simulation methods can be used. Here we show how both methods can be applied to generate near-optimal dynamic operating rules for a reservoir system used for drinking water supply in La Paz, Bolivia. In particular, we show how simple practical operating rules can incorporate the level of risk set by the manager. Further, these rules advise how quickly water levels should be altered when they are too high or too low.

Dynamic operating rules for water supply reservoirs in La Paz

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Bender ◽  
D. Hranisavljevic ◽  
R. Bernardin ◽  
R. Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
La Paz ◽  
Operating Rules ◽  
Dynamic Operating ◽  
Water Supply Reservoirs

Dynamic operating rules have been applied to the drought-prone Andean water supply reservoirs near La Paz, Bolivia. The water supply reservoirs are not using conventional reservoir operating rule curves. Instead, dynamic operating rules opportunistically supply surplus water for soft demands, and proactively adjust the water supply before a drought causes a water shortage. The conventional approach of forcing water levels to follow a set rule curve is replaced with notions of tradeoffs between long-term reliability and short-term supply opportunities. Operators can customise the dynamic rules based on their tolerance of shortages, and can choose to operate more aggressively during wet periods. In this way, the dynamic rules offer a flexible tool for making short-term decisions while managing medium and long-term performance goals. In the case of La Paz, it is possible to utilise the water sources more efficiently in the short-term without significantly reducing the long-term water supply reliability. The dynamic rules will reduce the severity of future water shortages (if they occur) by 60%, and provide opportunities to increase the firm water supply by up to 8% without affecting the long-term reliability.

scholarly journals Investigation into the Cause of Iron-Related Clogging of Groundwater Bores Used for Viticulture in the Limestone Coast, South Australia

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Birte Moser ◽  
Meruyert Beknazarova ◽  
Harriet Whiley ◽  
Thilini Piushani Keerthirathne ◽  
Nikki Harrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Problem Analysis ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Iron Manganese

Iron-related clogging of boreholes, pumps and dripper lines is a significant and costly problem for irrigators worldwide. The primary cause of iron-related clogging is still debated. Previous studies have described complex interactions between biological clogging and inorganic iron/manganese oxide precipitation. This case study examined groundwater bores used for viticulture irrigation in the Limestone Coast region, a highly productive wine growing area in the SE of South Australia. Iron clogging of bore screens, pumps and dripper systems has been a persistent problem in the region and the issue is perceived to be growing, with irrigators suggesting the widespread introduction of iron-related bacteria (IRB) through drilling equipment to be the root cause of the problem. Analysis of the groundwater microbiology and inorganic chemistry found no apparent correlation between the presence of IRB and the clogging status of wells. In fact, IRB proved to be widespread throughout the limestone aquifer. However, a clear correlation could be found between clogging affected bores and the redox potential of the groundwater with the most severely affected bores strongly oversaturated in respect to iron oxide minerals. Elevated dissolved concentrations of Fe(II) thereby tended to be found in deeper bores, which also were generally more recently drilled. Following decades of less than average rainfall, a tendency to deepen bores in response to widespread declines in water levels has been documented for the SE of South Australia. The gradually widening clogging problem in the region is postulated to be related to the changes in climate in the region, with irrigators increasingly driven to rely on deeper, anoxic iron-rich groundwater resources.

scholarly journals Rainfall Threshold for Flash Flood Warning Based on Model Output of Soil Moisture: Case Study Wernersbach, Germany

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Thanh Thi Luong ◽  
Judith Pöschmann ◽  
Rico Kronenberg ◽  
Christian Bernhofer
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Rainfall Threshold ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Flood Warning ◽  
Critical Discharge ◽  
Critical Success Index

Convective rainfall can cause dangerous flash floods within less than six hours. Thus, simple approaches are required for issuing quick warnings. The flash flood guidance (FFG) approach pre-calculates rainfall levels (thresholds) potentially causing critical water levels for a specific catchment. Afterwards, only rainfall and soil moisture information are required to issue warnings. This study applied the principle of FFG to the Wernersbach Catchment (Germany) with excellent data coverage using the BROOK90 water budget model. The rainfall thresholds were determined for durations of 1 to 24 h, by running BROOK90 in “inverse” mode, identifying rainfall values for each duration that led to exceedance of critical discharge (fixed value). After calibrating the model based on its runoff, we ran it in hourly mode with four precipitation types and various levels of initial soil moisture for the period 1996–2010. The rainfall threshold curves showed a very high probability of detection (POD) of 91% for the 40 extracted flash flood events in the study period, however, the false alarm rate (FAR) of 56% and the critical success index (CSI) of 42% should be improved in further studies. The proposed adjusted FFG approach has the potential to provide reliable support in flash flood forecasting.

COMPUTATION OF KARL PEARSON'S COEFFICIENT OF SKEWNESS AND BOWLEY'S COEFFICIENT OF SKEWNESS BETWEEN RAINFALLAND GROUND WATER LEVELS - A CASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
Raju Sake
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Coefficient Of Skewness

Present paper deals with the Computation of Karl Pearson's Coefcient of Skewness (SK ) and Bowley's Coefcient of Skewness (SK ) to analyze P B Rainfall (RF) and Ground Water Levels (GWLs) in Anantapuramu district based on the data collected from January 2007 to December 2016. For the purpose of analysis the district is divided into ve Zones or Revenue Divisions (RD) namely, 1. Anantapuramu RD 2. Penukonda RD 3. Kadiri RD 4. Kalyandurg RD 5. Dharmavaram RD. I have calculated for the Karl Pearson's Coefcient of Skewness (SK ) and Bowley's Coefcient of P Skewness (SK ) between Rainfall and Ground Water Levels and compared among them by using the data.

Progressive Collapse Approach Compared to the Traditional Temperature Screening on Structural Assessment of Offshore Structures Against Fire

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula T. Nascimento ◽  
Marco A. P. Rosas ◽  
Leonardo Brandão ◽  
Fernando Castanheira
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Fire Scenarios

The present study compares the progressive collapse approach with the traditional temperature screening method on determination of PFP requirements at topside offshore structures. The advantage to evaluate the consequences of fire scenarios on the global integrity and stability of topside modules can be revealed by a substantial reduction of the required amount of PFP, and consequently significant cost savings for operators, when compared to the traditional approach. In the case study presented in this paper, there is a reduction of 79% in PFP allocation.

Formalizing the Mapping of UML Conceptual Schemas to Column-Oriented Databases

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Abdelhedi ◽  
Amal Ait Brahim ◽  
Gilles Zurfluh
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Nosql Databases ◽  
Care Field ◽  
Sufficient Degree

Nowadays, most organizations need to improve their decision-making process using Big Data. To achieve this, they have to store Big Data, perform an analysis, and transform the results into useful and valuable information. To perform this, it's necessary to deal with new challenges in designing and creating data warehouse. Traditionally, creating a data warehouse followed well-governed process based on relational databases. The influence of Big Data challenged this traditional approach primarily due to the changing nature of data. As a result, using NoSQL databases has become a necessity to handle Big Data challenges. In this article, the authors show how to create a data warehouse on NoSQL systems. They propose the Object2NoSQL process that generates column-oriented physical models starting from a UML conceptual model. To ensure efficient automatic transformation, they propose a logical model that exhibits a sufficient degree of independence so as to enable its mapping to one or more column-oriented platforms. The authors provide experiments of their approach using a case study in the health care field.

scholarly journals Real-Time Hydraulic Interval State Estimation for Water Transport Networks: a Case Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stelios G. Vrachimis ◽  
Demetrios G. Eliades ◽  
Marios M. Polycarpou
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Unaccounted For Water ◽  
Tank Water

Abstract. Hydraulic state estimation in water distribution networks is the task of estimating water flows and pressures in the pipes and nodes of the network based on some sensor measurements. This requires a model of the network, as well as knowledge of demand outflow and tank water levels. Due to modeling and measurement uncertainty, standard state-estimation may result in inaccurate hydraulic estimates without any measure of the estimation error. This paper describes a methodology for generating hydraulic state bounding estimates based on interval bounds on the parametric and measurement uncertainties. The estimation error bounds provided by this method can be applied to estimate the unaccounted-for water in water distribution networks. As a case study, the method is applied to a transport network in Cyprus, using actual data in real-time.

scholarly journals WATER MANAGEMENT AND METHANE EMISSION FROM RICE CULTIVATION: A CASE STUDY IN AN GIANG PROVINCE, VIET NAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2A) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Duong Mai Linh
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Wetting And Drying

Rice cultivation causes the emission of CH4 consequenced to the global warming. Reduction of irrigation in rice cultivation is not only saving water resources but also reducing greenhouse gases emission. The objectives of this study was to determine impacts of water management on the emission of CH4 and rice yield. Experiment was conducted in field conditions in An Giang province, Viet Nam with three treatments as continuous flooding (CF), An Giang Alternative Wetting and Drying (AAWD) which is mostly applied by farmers in An Giang province-Viet Nam, and Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD). Water levels in the field +5 cm, ± 5 cm and -15 cm were controlled higher, fluctuated and lower than soil surface, respectively for CF, AAWD and AWD. CH4 emission determined every week during 13 weeks of the experiment. Rice yield was determined in 1 m2 at the end of the experiment. The results showed that AWD and AAWD, respectively decreased 78.7 % (p < 0.05) and 6.8 % (p > 0.05) CH4 emission compared to the CF 11.9 mg CH4/m2/h. The rice yield of CF was 6.32 ton/ha lower than AAWD 7.8 ton/ha (p < 0.05) but not different with AWD 6.67 ton/ha. AAWD had higher rice yield but same emission than the CF. Farmers in An Giang province should consider application of AWD in rice cultivation in term of saving water and reduction of CH4 emission.

scholarly journals SOME ASPECTS OF AGILE APPROACH IN PRAXIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 348-355
Author(s):  
Jaroslava Kniežová
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Agile Approach ◽  
Traditional Process ◽  
Short Time

In modern times, competitiveness in the market depends on having a good information system. The companies developing and supplying information systems are in competition too, and having an effective system of delivery is critical for obtaining lucrative offers. Therefore, the software development companies continuously try to improve their development process to supply the product in a short time and with high quality. The agile approach potentially shortens this time and is very often used. This approach has almost replaced the traditional process. More and more companies implement agile approach in these times to be competitive in the software development market and hasten product delivering.The traditional and agile approaches differ in certain perspectives. Hence, the question arises as to whether the agile approach is the best for the software development company in every case. This article contains a comparison of these two approaches, as well as a case study relating to the agile approach in a real software development company, which had previously used the traditional approach. The article also describes situation where replacing the traditional approach with agile would improve results.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document