scholarly journals Nitrogen removal and functional bacteria distribution of ANAMMOX at ambient temperature

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taotao Zeng ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Wei Liao ◽  
Wenxin Qiu ◽  
Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Rhodopseudomonas Palustris ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

In this study, an up-flow anaerobic biofilter (AF) was operated to investigate the efficiency of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) in treating low strength ammonia (46.5 mg/L) at ambient temperatures (20.3–23.2 °C). Microbial compositions and functional populations of the upper (140–190 cm), middle (40–140 cm), and lower (0–40 cm) parts of the biofilter were monitored using scanning electron microscopy, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), clone and sequence. The results show that stable biofilter performance was achieved with an average nitrogen removal rate of 2.26 kg/(m3·d) and a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 75.9%. Approximately 67% of the ammonia and nitrite disappeared in the middle part of the biofilter. The spherical bacteria, similar to ANAMMOX bacteria, dominated the middle part of the biofilter. There were eight bacterial DGGE bands; clone and sequence results showed that they included Oxalicibacterium sp., Ignavibacterium album, Bacterium rJ15, Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis, Hippea maritima, Thioprofundum lithotrophica, and Rhodopseudomonas palustris. The genus of ANAMMOX bacterium remaining at constant levels in different parts of the biofilter was identified as Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis. The AF bioreactor maintained high activity due to the ANAMMOX bacteria's ability to adapt to ambient temperature and low matrix influent conditions.

Nitrogen removal efficiency and microbial community analysis of ANAMMOX biofilter at ambient temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Taotao ◽  
Li Dong ◽  
Zeng Huiping ◽  
Xie Shuibo ◽  
Qiu Wenxin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Anammox Bacteria

An upflow anaerobic biofilter (AF) was developed to investigate anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (ANAMMOX) efficiency in treating low-strength wastewater at ambient temperature (15.3–23.2 °C). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and fluorescence in situ hybridization were used to investigate treatment effects on the microbial community. Stepwise decreases in influent ammonia concentration could help ANAMMOX bacteria selectively acclimate to low-ammonia conditions. With an influent ammonia concentration of 46.5 mg/L, the AF reactor obtained an average nitrogen removal rate of 2.26 kg/(m3 day), and a removal efficiency of 75.9%. polymerase chain reaction-DGGE results showed that microbial diversity in the low matrix was greater than in the high matrix. Microbial community structures changed when the influent ammonia concentration decreased. The genus of functional ANAMMOX bacteria was Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis, which remained stationary across study phases. Visual observation revealed that the relative proportions of ANAMMOX bacteria decreased from 41.6 to 36.3% across three study phases. The AF bioreactor successfully maintained high activity due to the ANAMMOX bacteria adaptation to low temperature and substrate conditions.

Enrichment of marine anammox bacteria from seawater-related samples and bacterial community study

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kawagoshi ◽  
Y. Nakamura ◽  
H. Kawashima ◽  
K. Fujisaki ◽  
K. Furukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Waste Disposal Site

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a novel nitrogen pathway catalyzed by anammox bacteria which are obligate anaerobic chemoautotrophs. In this study, enrichment culture of marine anammox bacteria (MAAOB) from the samples related to seawater was conducted. Simultaneous removal of ammonium and nitrite was confirmed in continuous culture inoculated with sediment of a sea-based waste disposal site within 50 days. However, no simultaneous nitrogen removal was observed in cultures inoculated with seawater-acclimated denitrifying sludge or with muddy sediment of tideland even during 200 days. Nitrogen removal rate of 0.13 kg/m3/day was achieved at nitrogen loading rate of 0.16 kg/m3/day after 320th days in the culture inoculated with the sediment of waste disposal site. The nitrogen removal ratio between ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen was 1:1.07. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis indicated that an abundance of the bacteria close to MAAOB and coexistence of ammonium oxidizing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the culture.

scholarly journals Effects of biotin on promoting anammox bacterial activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinyu Li ◽  
Jinhui Chen ◽  
Guo-hua Liu ◽  
Xianglong Xu ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

AbstractAnaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria significantly improve the efficiency and reduce cost of nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment plants. However, their slow growth and vulnerable activity limit the application of anammox technology. In this paper, the enhancement of biotin on the nitrogen removal activity of anammox bacteria in short-term batch experiments was studied. We found that biotin played a significant role in promoting anammox activity within a biotin concentration range of 0.1–1.5 mg/L. At a biotin concentration of 1.0 mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate (NRR) increased by 112%, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secretion and heme production significantly improved, and anammox bacterial biomass increased to maximum levels. Moreover, the predominant genus of anammox bacteria was Candidatus Brocadia.

scholarly journals Nitrogen removal performance using anaerobic ammonium oxidation considering variable conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110334
Author(s):  
Junmin Wang ◽  
Lei Fu
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The anaerobic nitrogen removal performance of anammox at 30°C, 25°C, and 16°C were studied by using the UASB (Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor and the influent concentration of NH4+-N and NO2−-N were 16.9 and 20.6 mg L−1 respectively. Experimental results showed that high-efficiency anammox nitrogen removal could be achieved at 30°C, when hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 0.14 h, the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) was 5.73 kg N m−3 d−1. The anammox reactor operated stably for more than 80 days under the condition of 16°C–20°C, and the high NRR of 2.78 kg N m−3 d−1 was obtained. In this experiment, DO had little effect on the activity of anammox granular sludge, and the nitrogen removal performance could be quickly recovered in a short period of time after being affected by DO. Moreover, the stoichiometric ratio of NO2−-N and NH4+-N consumption (ΔNO2−-N/ΔNH4+-N) and the stoichiometric ratio of NO3−-N production and NH4+-N conversion (ΔNO3−-N/ΔNH4+-N) were 1.21 ± 0.11and 0.25 ± 0.06 respectively at 30°C, which were very close to the theoretical value, it indicated that anammox bacteria were the dominant bacteria at 30°C.

scholarly journals Influence of temperature and salinity on microbial structure of marine anammox bacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 958-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Awata ◽  
Katsuichiro Tanabe ◽  
Tomonori Kindaichi ◽  
Noriatsu Ozaki ◽  
Akiyoshi Ohashi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Anammox Activity

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a type of biological oxidation mediated by a group of Planctomycete-like bacteria. Members of the genus Candidatus Scalindua are mainly found in marine environments, but not exclusively. This group is cultured using different inoculums and conditions; however, its optimal growth conditions are not clear. Additionally, little information is known about the factors that influence the activity and the selection of a population of marine anammox bacteria. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of temperature and salinity on the marine anammox community. To accomplish this, an up-flow fixed-bed column reactor was operated, and quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes specific to dominant marine anammox bacteria was conducted. Anammox activity was observed at 20 and 30 °C, but not at 10 °C. A nitrogen removal rate of 0.32 kg TN m–3 day–1 was obtained at 20 °C. These results suggest that temperature affects the activity (nitrogen removal rate) of anammox bacteria, while salinity does not affect the activity in the marine anammox biofilm.

Study on the performance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation treatment using PVA gel as a carrier

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1037-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. S. Ge ◽  
A. Yamaguchi ◽  
H. Sakuma
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Oxidation Treatment ◽  
Pva Gel

A continuous experiment was carried out to study the performance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), a novel and low cost nitrogen removal treatment process with an energy-saving characteristic. A complete mixing reactor was used with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel as the carrier. In particular, performances of nitrogen removal and attachment characteristics of anammox bacteria on the PVA carrier surface were investigated. The results indicted that high concentration of anammox bacteria, up to 27,000 mg/L-carrier, had attached on the PVA carrier surface. A high nitrogen removal rate of up to 5.5 kg/m3-reactor/d was obtained during this continuous experiment. Furthermore, it was also confirmed that there was no generation of N2O gas in the anammox reaction

scholarly journals Anammox biofilm process using sugarcane bagasse as an organic carrier

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini ◽  
Puti Sri Komala ◽  
Arief Almi
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Process ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anammox Process

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) biofilm process commonly uses various inorganic carriers to enhance nitrogen removal under anaerobic conditions. This study aims to analyze the performance of nitrogen removal in anammox process using sugarcane bagasse as an organic carrier. The experiment was carried out by using an up‐flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for treating artificial wastewater at room temperature. The reactor was fed with ammonium and nitrite with the concentrations of 70‐150 mg–N/L and variations in the hydraulic retention time of 24 and 12 h. The granular anammox belongs to the genus Candidatus Brocadia sinica that was added as an inoculum of the reactor operation. The experimental stoichiometric of anammox for ΔNO2‐–N: ΔNH4+–N and ΔNO3‐: ΔNH4+ were 1.24 and 0.18, respectively, which is similar to anammox stoichiometry. The maximum Nitrogen Removal Rate (NRR) has achieved 0.29 kg–N/m3.d at Nitrogen Loading Rate (NLR) 0.6 kg–N/m3.d. The highest ammonium conversion efficiency (ACE) and nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) were 88% and 85%, respectively. Based on this results, it indicated that sugarcane bagasse as organic carriers could increase the amount of total nitrogen removal by provided of denitrification process but inhibited the anammox process at a certain COD concentration.

scholarly journals Enhanced Nitrogen Removal from Domestic Wastewater by Partial-Denitrification/Anammox in an Anoxic/Oxic Biofilm Reactor

Processes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Yu Huang ◽  
Yongzhen Peng ◽  
Donghui Huang ◽  
Jiarui Fan ◽  
Rui Du
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Carbon Demand ◽  
Oxidation Efficiency

A partial-denitrification coupling with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process (PD/A) in a continuous-flow anoxic/oxic (A/O) biofilm reactor was developed to treat carbon-limited domestic wastewater (ammonia (NH4+-N) of 55 mg/L and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 148 mg/L in average) for about 200 days operation. Satisfactory NH4+-N oxidation efficiency above 95% was achieved with rapid biofilm formation in the aerobic zone. Notably, nitrite (NO2−-N) accumulation was observed in the anoxic zone, mainly due to the insufficient electron donor for complete nitrate (NO3−-N) reduction. The nitrate-to-nitrite transformation ratio (NTR) achieved was as high as 64.4%. After the inoculation of anammox-enriched sludge to anoxic zones, total nitrogen (TN) removal was significantly improved from 37.3% to 78.0%. Anammox bacteria were effectively retained in anoxic biofilm utilizing NO2−-N produced via the PD approach and NH4+-N in domestic wastewater, with the relative abundance of 5.83% for stable operation. Anammox pathway contributed to TN removal by a high level of 38%. Overall, this study provided a promising method for mainstream nitrogen removal with low energy consumption and organic carbon demand.

High nitrogen removal rate using ANAMMOX process at short hydraulic retention time

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 968-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Casagrande ◽  
A. Kunz ◽  
M. C. De Prá ◽  
C. R. Bressan ◽  
H. M. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Total N ◽  
Column Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anammox Process

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is a chemolithoautotrophic process, which converts NH4+ to N2 using nitrite (NO2−) as the electron acceptor. This process has very high nitrogen removal rates (NRRs) and is an alternative to classical nitrification/denitrification wastewater treatment. In the present work, a strategy for nitrogen removal using ANAMMOX process was tested evaluating their performance when submitted to high loading rates and very short hydraulic retention times (HRTs). An up-flow ANAMMOX column reactor was inoculated with 30% biomass (v v−1) fed from 100 to 200 mg L−1 of total N (NO2−-N + NH4+-N) at 35 °C. After start-up and process stability the maximum NRR in the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was 18.3 g-N L−1 d−1 operated at 0.2 h of HRT. FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) analysis and process stoichiometry confirmed that ANAMMOX was the prevalent process for nitrogen removal during the experiments. The results point out that high NRRs can be obtained at very short HRTs using up-flow ANAMMOX column reactor configuration.

Microbial Community Analysis of Underground Drinking Water Using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis and Flow Cytometry Technologies

2014 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Yan Li Ding ◽  
Mark Bartlam ◽  
Ying Ying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Poyang Lake ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Underground water is directly used as drinking water in most rural areas of developing countries due to limitations in infrastructure. As an important indicator of drinking water quality, however, microbial quality has been largely ignored for a long time. Microbial quality poses a great threat to the safety of underground drinking water, especially in rural areas. The current study compared microbial abundance and community structure of three different water sources, i.e. underground water, Poyang Lake and Hai River, combined with flow cytometry (FCM) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). FCM results showed that the bacterial concentration of underground water is the lowest (1.037×106cell/ml) of the three water sources, but still approximates that of the Poyang Lake. The removal rate of bacteria after filtration through a 0.45μm-pore-size filter is 98.16% in underground water. The removal rate for Poyang Lake and Hai River is much lower (i.e. 66.57% and 74.17% respectively). DGGE profiles demonstrated that the microbial community structure in underground water shares higher similarity to Poyang Lake (51.0% and 53.1% similarity for bacteria and fungi respectively) than Hai River. The microbial diversity index (i.e. Shannon-Weaver index) for bacteria and fungi are 2.906 and 2.847 respectively in underground water, which is lower than in Poyang Lake. The evenness (i.e. Simpson index) of groundwater was lowest among the three water sources tested. The results suggested that groundwater has a complex microbial community and hence it is critical to apply necessary hygienic barriers to remove microbes for the safety of underground drinking water.

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