Field laboratory for an appropriate water treatment in a tropical karst region

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Matthies ◽  
M. Mendes de Oliveira ◽  
U. Obst
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Karst Region ◽  
Uv Disinfection ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Field Laboratory ◽  
Ceramic Filtration

The district of Gunung Kidul in Southern Java is one of the poorest regions in Indonesia. It is located above a big karst formation with very poor filtration and low storage capacity, which lead to vulnerable water quality all year round and acute water shortages in the dry season. Deficient waste water treatment combined with fast and direct infiltration into the karst results in high levels of contamination in the groundwater, which is used for drinking. To improve the water quality, a three-step water treatment concept was developed and selected technologies were examined in a field laboratory for their disinfection efficiency under local conditions: chlorination, UV disinfection, and ceramic filtration. The first results suggested that UV disinfection is effective, but might be too vulnerable, that chlorination seemed not to be reliable under local conditions, and that ceramic filtration seemed to be the most efficient technology.

scholarly journals Waste Water Treatment Costs in Poultry Rendering Plants in Georgia

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold B. Jones ◽  
Waldon R. Kerns
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Costs ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Secondary Stage ◽  
Poultry Processing

Poultry products are an important source of agricultural income in Georgia and other southeastern states. Yet, the waste from poultry operations can lower water quality unless ways are found to reduce quantities discharged into streams and waterways. Present regulations require that all sewage discharged from processing and rendering plants have the equivalent of secondary stage treatment as defined by conventional biological standards [4]. More stringent regulations that would completely eliminate discharge of pollutants into waterways have been proposed [10]. Poultry processing and rendering plants must therefore adopt more advanced in-plant processes or private treatment systems or utilize public systems to achieve higher levels of waste water treatment in future years.

scholarly journals Ecological/economical and Organizational/legal Problems of Transition to the System of Water Quality Regulation on the Basis of the Best Available Techniques

2014 ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Best Available Techniques ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Quality Regulation ◽  
Legal Problems

Analysis of possibilities of the existing urban waste water treatment techniques has been presented. It is mentioned that the problem of the beat available techniques choice is inseparably linked with correction of the current normalizing system in terms of composition of not only treated waste waters but also in terms of requirements to enterprises that dispose water into a sewage network.

scholarly journals APLIKASI MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR (MBR) UNTUK PROSES DAUR ULANG AIR LIMBAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taty Hernaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Recycled Waste

The population is growing rapidly result to increased demand for drinking water while the other side of this situation causes to the increasing amount of wastewater. Waste water treatment plant has been built in several major cities in Indonesia to overcome the problem of pollution.  Wastewater treatment plant only treats wastewater to tackle environmental pollution without being able to overcome the shortage of clean water community. Therefore, to solve the existing problems will be considered any further processing with recycled waste water treatment. One technology that may be developed for this purpose is the system of Membrane Bioreactor (MBR). This has been widely applied as an advanced unit of wastewater treatment and serves as a unit of processing recycled waste water. The MBR system has advantages such as: it only takes a little bit of land, can treat wastewater with discharge varying quality and process wastewater with high pollutant removal efficiency. MBR were investigated using a membrane filter submerged in the reactor. Membrane module is hollow fiber with a form of polymeric membrane materials. Research has been done on wastewater treatment with a combination of conventional WWTP as preliminary and advanced processing unit with MBR since March 4, 2014 until June 2014. The effluent quality  of result research proved that  the treated water quality meets  water quality standards are set with  Permenkes RI N0.416/Menkes/Per/IX/1990, dated 3 September 1990. The nitrification and denitrification also proceed well so that the concentration of nitrite and nitrate meet the quality standards. In addition, the percentage removal of heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, selenium, lead) can reach 99%. Keywords: MBR, wastewater reuse, BOD5, COD, HRT dan SRT

scholarly journals Biological Treatment of Car Wash Waste Waters

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essi Malinen ◽  
Nico Id ◽  
Sanni Valtonen ◽  
Janne Hakala ◽  
Tiina Mononen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Car Wash

The purpose of this study was to examine how efficient a biological treatment process is in purifying car wash waste waters. Two Finnish automatic car washes having rotating bed biofilm reactors for waste water treatment were included in the study. Both of them are using 87 % of recycled water per car wash and only from 35 to 60 liters of fresh water. Samples were taken from the purified water tank every second week altogether seven times between the beginning of February and the end of May, 2012. The reduction of surfactants was at least 95 % and reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) between 87 and 95 % during the sampling period. Outdoor temperature seems not to have any significant effect on purification efficiency. Other water quality parameters such as conductivity, pH, oxygen concentration, total solids, and biological oxygen demand (BOD) were found to be on acceptable level based in comparison to values found in the literature. The high concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the purified water was caused by nutrients added to the bioreactor for optimal conditions for the microbes. In the studied car washes, the waste water treatment process managed to reduce input load considerably. The main challenges for the quality of purified water seems to be optimal nutrient input as well as on-line monitoring system for water quality.

A systematic approach to optimal upgrading of water and waste water treatment plants

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Rosén ◽  
Stig Morling
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Efficient Implementation ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Most of the future works in water and waste water treatment systems will involve the upgrading of existing facilities, for better performance and/or higher capacity. For the efficient implementation of any project, an upgrading strategy should be used, based on careful studies of the local conditions and the defined objectives to be reached. The paper presents a systematic approach to upgrading with emphasis on treatment plant extension, without investing in large volumes, by more efficient use of existing facilities, illustrated by some cases. The importance of real competition in obtaining a cost-effective implementation is stressed.

The role of reclaimed water for crop irrigation in southeast Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1555-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Maestre-Valero ◽  
M. J. González-Ortega ◽  
V. Martínez-Álvarez ◽  
B. Martin-Gorriz
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Royal Decree ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Microbiological Pollutants

Abstract Water shortages have led to measures such as the implementation of reclaimed water (RW) for irrigation in order to sustain agriculture. Waste water requires treatment to become a safe water resource for irrigation. This paper presents an analytical study on the use of RW for irrigation in the southeast of Spain, identifying its strengths and current limitations. It includes official data from 13 waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) belonging to two coastal irrigation districts in the Region of Murcia. The content of essential nutrients in some RWs might allow them to supply a large fraction of the fertilizers required by the crops, thus saving energy and reducing the cost of fertilization. However, the accumulation of chloride, sodium, and boron could damage soils and cause phytotoxicity to crops in the mid-term, reducing yields. Microbiological pollutants in the RW could also endanger human health and hence waste water treatment is required. In the selected WWTPs, all effluents met the minimum requirements established in Water Quality 2.3 by the Royal Decree 1620/2007 and also with the European Classes B and C proposed by COM[2018] 337. Blending RW and other water resources of better quality is recommended for the sustainable use of RW for irrigation.

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