Torreele's water re-use facility enabled sustainable groundwater management in de Flemish dunes (Belgium)

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Van Houtte ◽  
ir. Johan Verbauwhede
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Groundwater Management ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Public Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sustainable Groundwater Management ◽  
Start Up

In 2002 IWVA started reusing secondary wastewater effluent for groundwater recharge of the existing dune water catchment ‘St-André’. This integration enabled sustainable groundwater management as the natural groundwater extraction was reduced. Consequently groundwater levels increased and on the long term, risk of seawater intrusion no longer is a point of concern. The public response towards this project is generally positive. The Torreele plant, where the infiltration water is produced, is built besides the wastewater treatment plant of Wulpen, which is managed by Aquafin. The treatment at Torreele combines ultrafiltration (UF), using the submerged ZeeWeed system, and reverse osmosis (RO), using brackish water low energy membranes. UF has proved to be a reliable technique for effluent treatment and a good pretreatment before RO. The UF system proved sustainable thanks to the use of air and the combination of filtrate backwashes with periodic extended backwashes adding hypochlorite. The maintenance cleaning of the membranes could be limited to once every month. Despite the use of UF filtrate as source for the RO treatment an additional bio-fouling prevention scheme is in place. By dosing hypochlorite and ammonium-chloride to the UF filtrate, monochloramines are formed. This proved effective in controlling bio-fouling : after 4 and a half years of operation the same membranes are still in place. Scaling of the RO membranes is prevented by combining pH adjustment and dosing of scale inhibitor. Chemical cleanings of the RO membranes are performed on average 5 times every year. This is done alternating alkaline and acid cleanings or alkaline and biocide cleanings. Up to now the normalized fluxes still recover to around the initial values after cleaning. Since the start-up of the Torreele plant, many optimizations have been performed, resulting in lower energy and chemical consumption. The RO filtrate produced in Torreele is pumped to the dunes of St-André. Just a small pH correction is performed. The groundwater recharge has proved to be effective : the groundwater level in the dunes increased enhancing not only the quality of this groundwater but also the natural values. The hardness of the drinking-water substantially decreased resulting in a higher comfort for the customer.

Winery effluent treatment at an anaerobic hybrid USBF pilot plant under normal and abnormal operation

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Molina ◽  
G. Ruiz-Filippi ◽  
C. García ◽  
E. Roca ◽  
J.M. Lema
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Start Up ◽  
On Line ◽  
Liquid Phase Composition ◽  
Abnormal Operation

A 1.1 m3 hybrid USBF fully instrumented pilot plant has been used for the treatment of diluted wine for four years. In this work, the performance of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) during start up and operation (normal operation and overload experiments) is shown. A complete description of the treatment process behaviour (gas and liquid phase composition and anaerobic sludge characteristics) is given by on-line and off-line monitoring of 28 process variables. The results presented here demonstrate the reliability of this technology for the treatment of wastewater from seasonal processes, such as winery wastewaters, during a long period of time (four years). Furthermore, the USBF reactor presented very short start up periods after short and long shut down of the WWTP and rapidly turned back to normal operation after suffering a complete destabilization due to organic overload. Both effluent and biogas were of good quality. Dissolved organic carbon concentration in the effluent was always lower than 100 mg DOC l−1 under normal operation, while methane concentration in the biogas was in the range 70–74%, making it suitable for energy recovering.

scholarly journals Start-up of a UASB effluent treatment plant on distillery wastewater

Water SA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bileen Wolmarans ◽  
Gideon H. De Villiers
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Effluent Treatment Plant ◽  
Distillery Wastewater

scholarly journals A Machine Learning Approach to Predict Groundwater Levels in California Reveals Ecosystems at Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa M. Rohde ◽  
Tanushree Biswas ◽  
Ian W. Housman ◽  
Leah S. Campbell ◽  
Kirk R. Klausmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Management ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
The State ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Sustainable Groundwater Management ◽  
Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems

Groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs) are increasingly threatened worldwide, but the shallow groundwater resources that they are reliant upon are seldom monitored. In this study, we used satellite-based remote sensing to predict groundwater levels under groundwater dependent ecosystems across California, USA. Depth to groundwater was modelled for a 35-years period (1985–2019) within all groundwater dependent ecosystems across the state (n = 95,135). Our model was developed within Google Earth Engine using Landsat satellite imagery, climate data, and field-based groundwater data [n = 627 shallow (< 30 m) monitoring wells] as predictors in a Random Forest model. Our findings show that 1) 44% of groundwater dependent ecosystems have experienced a significant long-term (1985–2019) decline in groundwater levels compared to 28% with a significant increase; 2) groundwater level declines have intensified during the most recent two decades, with 39% of groundwater dependent ecosystems experiencing declines in the 2003–2019 period compared to 27% in the 1985–2002 period; and 3) groundwater declines are most prevalent within GDEs existing in areas of the state where sustainable groundwater management is absent. Our results indicate that declining shallow groundwater levels may be adversely impacting California’s groundwater dependent ecosystems. Particularly where groundwater levels have fallen beneath plant roots or streams thereby affecting key life processes, such as forest recruitment/succession, or hydrological processes, such as streamflow that affects aquatic habitat. In the absence of groundwater monitoring well data, our model and findings can be used to help state and local water agencies fill in data gaps of shallow groundwater conditions, evaluate potential effects on GDEs, and improve sustainable groundwater management policy in California.

scholarly journals Influence of organic matter and carbonate on the secondary urban effluents disinfection by UV/H2O2

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ribeiro Neves ◽  
Renato Falcao Dantas ◽  
Jacqueline A. Malvestiti
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Disinfection Process

The main objective of this research was to study the influence of organic matter and carbonate on UV/H2O2 disinfection, and also to start up the UV/H2O2 reactor to conduct disinfection experiments and to analyze the amount of bacteria (total coliforms and E. coli) during the treatment. The analyzes were carried out with samples from the secondary effluent treatment plant of Faculdade de Tecnologia da Unicamp, the Águas da Serra sewage treatment plant in the city of Limeira and with pure water. The experiments consisted in the treatment of secondary effluent samples ana verify the performance to disinfect analising bacterias in four different times. The relation between the organic matter of the effluent and the disinfection process was studied making a relationship between the bactaria inactivatin and the COD of the effluent. The start up of the UV/H2O2 reactor was positive and allowed the accomplishment of disinfection experiments and later the analysis of concentration of bacteria. For samples from the Águas da Serra effluent, which presented COD of 79 mg/l, the disinfection was extremely efficient with different concentrations of peroxide and there was no indication of the presence of coliforms from the first 10 minutes of treatment.

scholarly journals Ecotoxicological and Genotoxic Evaluation of Buenos Aires City (Argentina) Hospital Wastewater

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahí Magdaleno ◽  
Ángela Beatriz Juárez ◽  
Valeria Dragani ◽  
Magalí Elizabeth Saenz ◽  
Marta Paz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Pseudokirchneriella Subcapitata ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
The Public ◽  
Control Programs

Hospital wastewater (HWW) constitutes a potential risk to the ecosystems and human health due to the presence of toxic and genotoxic chemical compounds. In the present work we investigated toxicity and genotoxicity of wastewaters from the public hospital of Buenos Aires (Argentina). The effluent from the sewage treatment plant (STP) serving around 10 million inhabitants was also evaluated. The study was carried out between April and September 2012. Toxicity and genotoxicity assessment was performed using the green algaePseudokirchneriella subcapitataand theAllium cepatest, respectively. Toxicity assay showed that 55% of the samples were toxic to the algae (%I of growth between 23.9 and 54.8). TheA. cepatest showed that 40% of the samples were genotoxic. The analysis of chromosome aberrations (CA) and micronucleus (MN) showed no significant differences between days and significant differences between months. The sample from the STP was not genotoxic toA. cepabut toxic to the algae (%I = 41%), showing that sewage treatment was not totally effective. This study highlights the need for environmental control programs and the establishment of advanced and effective effluent treatment plants in the hospitals, which are merely dumping the wastewaters in the municipal sewerage system.

The Efficiency of a Biological Activated Sludge Effluent Treatment Plant with Extended Aeration

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rurik Skogman ◽  
Reino Lammi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Chlorinated Phenols ◽  
Forest Products Industry ◽  
Effluent Treatment Plant ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
Treating Effluent

The requirements imposed on the Finnish forest products industry by the water authorities have focused on the reduction of BOD and suspended solids in the wastewaters. The industry has tried to comply with these requirements, first through internal measures such as process changes and closed systems. When these have not been sufficient, external treatment has been resorted to. The Wilh. Schauman Company in Jakobstad has chosen activated sludge with extended aeration from among the available methods for treating effluent. The plant has operated since the beginning of 1986 with extremely good results. In addition to the reduction of BOD and suspended solids, there has been a marked decrease of chlorinated phenols. Chlorinated substances with higher molecular weight are also removed during the process.

Biosludge Incineration in a Recovery Boiler

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Harila ◽  
V.-A. Kivilinna
Keyword(s):  
Black Liquor ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Combustion Emissions ◽  
Recovery Boiler

An activated sludge process is an effective tool against effluent emissions in a pulp mill. It has only a few features which can be regarded deficiences. One of them is that effluent treatment of a modern pulp mill creates some 10-20 tonnes dry solids of biosludge per day. This sludge is difficult to burn due to its high moisture content. The most common way is to mix biosludge with primary sludge, to dewater the mixture in presses and finally to burn it in a solid fuel boiler. This type of sludge treatment incurs rather high costs and does not produce any net energy. Also combustion emissions vary depending on the boiler type. The Metsä-Botnia Kemi Pulp Mill was the first mill in the world to burn biosludge in a recovery boiler. The system start-up was in 1993 and it has been in operation ever since. Mechanically dewatered biosludge is mixed with weak black liquor and concentrated in a conventional evaporation plant equipped with a pressurized superconcentrator unit. In a modern recovery boiler, firing conditions are well controlled and monitored. Better emission control than in most bark fired boilers is achieved. Accumulation of nonprocess elements, corrosion, plugging, scaling and some other operational problems were expected. A lot of experience has been gathered during the years of operation and reviewed in this presentation. The achieved benefits of the system are discussed. Disposal of biosludge in a recovery boiler offers an economically and environmentally attractive alternative. Probably the best evidence from this is the fact that Metsä-Botnia has applied the same process solution in the recent reconstruction of the recovery departments at the Jouteno Mill.

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