scholarly journals What constitutes an equitable water share? A reassessment of equitable apportionment in the Jordan–Israel water agreement 25 years later

Water Policy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 911-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer Talozi ◽  
Amelia Altz-Stamm ◽  
Hussam Hussein ◽  
Peter Reich
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
To Come

Abstract The water agreement between Jordan and Israel, created as part of their peace treaty in 1994, set out detailed allocations terms to which both countries have respectively abided since its inception. But after two and a half decades, the water agreement terms no longer appear as equitable considering the social, economic, and environmental changes that have occurred in the region as a whole and within the two countries individually. This paper analyzes the status of the treaty terms in light of changes seen within both countries regarding the factors laid out by the United Nations as relevant to determining equitable apportionment among riparian nations. The analysis suggests that a renegotiation of the water agreement terms is warranted due in large part to changes in population and the availability of alternative water resources (desalination and treated wastewater). While no explicit recommendations are made as to what a future treaty's terms should include, this paper presents evidence of a changing ground reality that deserves greater consideration in reaching a more equitable and sustainable water agreement for the decades to come.

scholarly journals Role of higher education in the sustainability of water resources: an assessment of institutions in India

Water Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-292
Author(s):  
Arun Kansal ◽  
G. Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Good Number

Abstract The motivation behind this paper is to understand the status of water resources management education provided in higher education institutions (HEIs) in India and decipher gaps between what is taught and what is needed in the field. The assessment has been carried out based on the information available on the respective websites of the HEIs using keywords. The authors have also reached out to faculty members and final-year students in universities/HEIs in India. There are a good number of HEIs in India, which offer educational programmes in water-related subjects, though their distribution is skewed and there seems to be a clear bias in favour of the technological aspects of water. Relatively fewer HEIs engage themselves in social, economic and gender-related issues. It is imperative to popularise research in the social, economic and regulatory aspects of water management. Not all HEIs have provided information about the areas of research they engage in, on their websites. Further, a limited number of faculty members and students have responded to the questionnaires. The preparedness of any country in addressing its current challenges can be gauged from the incorporation and subsequent entrenchment of these roles into the fabric of HEIs. This article can be looked upon as reference documents which will go a long way to enabling the identification of synergies, interlinkages and collaboration opportunities to find solutions for a plethora of challenges.

scholarly journals Reclamation Development Options Optimization Model within the Water Bodies Integrated Development and Protection Scheme

2015 ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Regional Programs

Information/analytical research of methodical approaches to melioration facilities localization within a catchment area and their provision with water resources have been carried out. A model of multi-criteria optimization for melioration option formation during the social/economic agrarian sector development regional programs implementation and for composing the list of water/protection measures within the regional WBIUPS frameworks has been developed. Procedures of the principles formation for melioration facilities functional/technological location at the catchment to reduce labor intensity concerning possible versions of melioration facilities’ binding to water resources; sources and discharges in terms of representativeness of the options to be discussed have been presented.

scholarly journals Formation of an Innovative Mechanism of Social Partnership in the System of Territorial Communities Support

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Yurii MARUSHCHYN
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The Social ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
To Come ◽  
Further Development

The analysis of the forecast of development of an economic situation in Ukraine is carried out. It is emphasized that the main reason for the lowest rating indicators of GDP per capita among European countries, as well as the lowest positions of world welfare of Ukraine is the main reason, namely — the lack of reforms that would bring our country to a new level. The concept of social partnership and its transformation in the conditions of implementation of the reform of the territorial organization of power on the basis of decentralization are considered. It is established that due to the start of the reform of the territorial organization of power and financial decentralization, a new innovative mechanism in the interaction of the parties to the social partnership is being created. The main stimulus is financial decentralization, which has «lowered» financial resources to the level of communities and made it possible to launch a real stage of transformation, when local governments become more in demand. The vast majority of public services are now outsourced, placing the responsibility for the result on local communities, which in turn promotes the activity of the residents of these communities. It is also pointed out that business in the current environment must prove itself from a new angle: to become more socially responsible, because the new system of tax redistribution encourages «pure play». This system must now be in the hands of everyone: the state, business, citizens. In addition, it is highlighted that the most powerful factor in the development of social partnership is the formation of a favorable climate for doing business. That is why now the political leadership of Ukraine is actively urging new investors to come and invest in our economy. At the same time, it is emphasized that another indicator of the completion of decentralization is the possibility of a new effective dialogue for the development of the institution of social partnership. After all, the residents of the newly formed territorial communities already know and can directly and strongly influence the policy of local authorities, setting their own priorities in the further development of the respective territory. In general, it is noted that the mechanism of social partnership in the system of support of territorial communities in the implementation of the new state policy in the field of local self-government should be based on the interests of residents of territorial communities, based on social, economic and innovative components. In summary, the potential effect of the implementation of the social partnership mechanism is identified.

scholarly journals A seca de 2012-2014 no município de Taperoá-PB e o papel das ações de convivência nesse contexto

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
André Aires De Farias ◽  
Francisco de Assis Salviano De Sousa ◽  
Telma Lucia Bezerra Alves Aires ◽  
Thyago Carneiro De Brito
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Check List ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
The Social ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Underground Dams

O presente artigo buscou identificar e analisar os impactos sociais, econômicos e ambientais da seca de 2012-2014 no município de Taperoá-PB e o papel das ações de convivência nesse contexto. A identificação dos impactos foi realizada utilizando-se o método de listagem descritiva check-list, dados bibliográficos e documentais. Para analisar as variáveis socioeconômicas e as ações de convivência foram utilizados os mesmos materiais dos impactos, exceto o check-list. Os impactos continuaram porque faltou recursos financeiros para implantar programas e as políticas públicas de convivência não foram efetivas, só aparecendo com maior intensidade quando a região estava prejudicada pela seca. Para redução dos impactos é necessário aumentar o número de cisternas, principalmente a calçadão. É necessário também perfurar poços e construir açudes, além de fazer manutenção nos que estejam com capacidade reduzida ou desativados; construir barragens subterrâneas e tanques naturais; terminar e colocar em funcionamento a Transposição do Rio São Francisco; incentivar a gestão dos recursos hídricos, criar programas que visem o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar, incentivando a fenação, silagem, meliponicultura, apicultura, criação de animais e plantas adaptados à região, dentre muitos outros.  The drought of 2012-2014 in the municipality of Taperoá-PB and the role of the coexistence actions in this context A B S T R A C TThe present article sought to identify and analyze the social, economic and environmental impacts of the drought of 2012-2014 in the municipality of Taperoá-PB and the role of the coexistence actions in this context. The identification of impacts was performed using the method of descriptive listing check-list, bibliographic and documentary data. To analyze the socioeconomic variables and of actions of living together were used same materials of the impacts, except the check-list. The impacts continued because they lack financial resources to implement programs and public coexistence policies were not effective, only appearing with greater intensity when the region was hampered by drought. To reduce the impacts is to increase the number of cisterns, especially the boardwalk. You also need to drill wells and build dams, in addition to maintenance on that are with reduced or deactivated capacity; building underground dams and natural ponds; finished and put into operation the Transposition of the São Francisco River; encourage the management of water resources, create programs aimed at strengthening family farming, encouraging haymaking, silage, meliponiculture, beekeeping and the husbandry of animals and plants adapted to the region.Keywords: impact; family farming; livestock.

Tertiary Treatment of Livestock Wastewater in the Context of Alternative Water Resources for Sustainable Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Carmen Tociu ◽  
Cristina Maria ◽  
Gyorgy Deak ◽  
Irina-Elena Ciobotaru ◽  
Alexandru-Anton Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Livestock Wastewater ◽  
Alternative Water

The limited availability and quality of water resources are key issues of water management, and the protection and preservation of water resources are a requirement in the context of accelerated economic growth and principles of sustainable development. The experimental research presented in this paper is based on the need to identify alternative water sources and support unconventional wastewater treatment methods which would enable their reuse in areas affected by water scarcity and drought. Livestock wastewater contain significant levels of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and may represent an attractive water source for crop irrigation. This paper evaluates the efficacy of a proposed technological process for tertiary wastewater treatment consisting of two steps: electrochemical treatment for the removal of suspended and colloidal impurities and ozone disinfection. The experimental results showed higher efficiencies for the removal of chemical pollutants (92.5% COD, 79.3% BOD, 98.6% TSS, 41% residue saline) and significant inactivation of microorganisms (over 99.9% for total coliform bacteria and in some cases 100% for faecal coliform bacteria and faecal streptococci). The quality of the effluent complies with the regulations for wastewater use in agriculture and allows its reuse for different categories of use considering the required conditions for soil/crops. The successful application of treated wastewater to agricultural crops depends in a high extent on the good practices aimed on the improvement of crop yield and quality, optimisation of soil productivity and protection of the environment undertaken by the economic entities.

How to Tell a Slave

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Page duBois
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Dramatic Text ◽  
Ancient Slavery

After pointing out the significant differences between ancient slavery and modern racialized slavery, this chapter considers the manifold difficulties entailed in distinguishing between enslaved and free persons in the ancient Greek and Roman worlds. It stresses the social, economic, and legal importance of maintaining these distinctions even as it acknowledges their elusive nature. It goes on to describe the ways in which behaviours, bodies—often scarred or tattooed, sometimes tortured—dress, disguise, names, and language, revealed or disguised the status of enslaved persons. It ends with a brief discussion of a dramatic text that stages the complexities of policing the boundaries between enslaved and free persons.

Study on Water Resource Carrying Capacity of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture in Hubei Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2288-2291
Author(s):  
Yi Sun ◽  
Jun Wei Wan ◽  
Song Yuan Yang ◽  
Yan Qiu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vector Module ◽  
Water Resource Carrying Capacity ◽  
Social Economic Development

Starting from the function of water resources to the social economic development, using the method of vector module, this thesis makes the analysis and evaluation of Enshi water resource carrying capacity. The results show that the water resource carrying capacity maintain its wide between 0.0884 to 0.1275 in 2007-2011, which shows that the carrying capacity of water resource in Enshi can meet the needs of social economic development.

scholarly journals Progress in environmental gentrification research and hotspot analysis based on CiteSpace analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02071
Author(s):  
Pei Yu ◽  
Peng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hotspot Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post Industrial

With the advent of the post-industrial era, environmental improvements and sustainable initiatives that lack sufficient attention to the social justice aspects of environmental changes generates environmental gentrification. The purpose of this paper is to systematically explore the frontiers of gentrification research and the knowledge base of environmental gentrification. Therefore, based on Web of Science Core Collection Database, this paper analysed the progress and hotpots of environmental gentrification using CiteSpace, identified keywords relevant to environmental gentrification and their frequency of co-occurrence using the function of keyword co-occurrence analysis, recognized top ten clusters using the function of cluster analysis. Environmental gentrification is the frontier on gentrification research, which knowledge base and hotpots research should arouse our attention. This paper can help readers to understand the status quo and development trend of environmental gentrification better, recognize defect in the development of environmental gentrification, and provide a promising direction for future research.

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