scholarly journals A spatial application of the water poverty index (WPI) in the State of Chihuahua, Mexico

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Wurtz ◽  
Alexandra Angeliaume ◽  
María Teresa Alarcón Herrera ◽  
Frédérique Blot ◽  
Martin Paegelow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
The State ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Raster Maps ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
Fuzzy Techniques

Abstract The Water Poverty Index (WPI) standardizes water scarcity diagnostics by considering natural, environmental, and socioeconomic factors which reduce, facilitate, or prevent water access. To integrate these factors, the WPI includes five components: resource, environment (negatively affected by development), capacity, access, and use (positively affected by development). Nevertheless, the place granted to hydrological factors is questioned, and many studies insist on the problematic correlation of WPI with the well-known Human Development Index (HDI). Calculating WPI in the socially heterogeneous and semi-arid context of the State of Chihuahua (Mexico), adapting traditional methodology thanks to geographic information systems (GIS) tools and the corresponding databases, allows discussion of those points. This study uses multi-criteria evaluations from TerrSet software to calculate WPI while preserving specific data precision. In this process, scale calculation and indicator normalization are adapted through raster maps and fuzzy techniques to valorize specific hydrological data. This opens interesting discussions for multidimensional water scarcity diagnostics, since they increase the visibility of diverse water scarcity issues in WPI results. In fact, concentrating socioeconomic factors in corresponding components and valuing GIS alternatives provides a diagnostic different from the HDI and sensitive to hydrological factors.

scholarly journals The temporal–spatial assessment of water scarcity with the Water Poverty Index: a study in the middle basin of the Heihe River, northwest China

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1266-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Tang ◽  
Qi Feng
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Heihe River ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Inland River ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
Reasonable Approach

This paper details an application of the Water Poverty Index (WPI) to evaluate the state of water resources in an inland river basin using a case study of the Heihe River Basin (HRB) located in northwest China. The WPI includes five components (resources, access, capacity, use, and environment) and has 13 indicators; each indicator is assigned an equal weighting. The selected set of components and indicators was used to discuss the spatial and temporal variation of the water scarcity situation in the middle of the HRB for a 10-year assessment period. The results show that the water scarcity situation of the HRB is generally evolving in a positive way from 2001 to 2010. However, the WPI varied widely (from 24.6 to 66.5) at a spatial scale. The water situation was best maintained in Jiayuguan City, and it was most severe in Jiuquan City. These variations suggest that different cities require different policy intervention to improve the overall water situation. Overall, the WPI appears to be a reasonable approach to examine the water scarcity situation and help decision makers to better devise local policy.

scholarly journals Assessing Water Scarcity Using the Water Poverty Index (WPI) in Golestan Province of Iran

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Jafari Shalamzari ◽  
Wanchang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Status ◽  
Golestan Province

Population growth and rising water demand, climate change, severe droughts, and land-use changes are among the top severe issues in Iran. Water management in this country is sectoral and disintegrated. Each authority evaluates water based on its final intention and there is no commonplace indicator for evaluation programs. In this research, we used the Water Poverty Index (WPI) to map the status of water scarcity in a north-eastern province of Iran. Water poverty was measured based on five components of “Resources”, “Access”, “Capacity”, “Use”, and “Environment”. The scores on each component were then aggregated using the weighted multiplicative function, assuming equal weights for all components. The overall WPI was evaluated to be 41.1, signaling an alarming and serious water poverty in the study area. Based on the results, Azadshahr (29.1) and Gorgan (61.6) districts had the worst and the best conditions among all cases, respectively. To better understand the importance of WPI components, four weighting alternatives were used; however, none of them resulted in a tangible improvement of WPI index. The cross-correlation between the components was also evaluated, with Access and Capacity showing significant results. Leaving out “Capacity”, however, reduced WPI by 8.1. In total, “Access”, “Capacity”, and “Use” had the highest correlation with WPI, implying that any attempt to improve water poverty in the province must firstly tackle these issues. This study showed that WPI is an effective indicator of water scarcity assessment and could be used to make priorities for policy-making and water management.

Water Poverty Index (2002)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Household Welfare ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
The World ◽  
Access To Water

This layer presents the Water Poverty Index (WPI) in 141 countries around the world. The WPI is a water management tool that expresses an interdisciplinary measure which links household welfare with water availability and indicates the degree to which water scarcity impacts on human populations. It is calculated using 5 components: resources, access, capacity, use, environment. The WPI combines measures of water availability and access with the people’s capacity to access water. People can be considered as « water poor » if the water is not enough available for their basic needs (they may have to walk a long way to get it or supplies may be limited) or if people can’t access to water even if it is available (for example if they can’t afford to pay for it). For more information, see the paper: http://econwpa.repec.org/eps/dev/papers/0211/0211003.pdf Accessibility Scarcity Supply Vulnerability

Development and application of a multi-scalar, participant-driven water poverty index in post-tsunami India

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 955-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Juran ◽  
Morgan C. MacDonald ◽  
Nandita B. Basu ◽  
Shane Hubbard ◽  
Raj Rajagopal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Index ◽  
Water Poverty Index

scholarly journals Application of a revised Water Poverty Index to target the water poor

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Giné Garriga ◽  
A. Pérez Foguet
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Index Construction ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The Water Poverty Index (WPI) has been recognized as a useful tool in policy analysis. The index integrates various physical, social and environmental aspects to enable more holistic assessment of water resources. However, soundness of this tool relies on two complementary aspects: (i) inadequate techniques employed in index construction would produce unreliable results, and (ii) poor dissemination of final outcome would reduce applicability of the index to influence policy-making. From a methodological point of view, a revised alternative to calculate the index was developed in a previous study. This paper is therefore concerned not with the method employed in index construction, but with how the composite can be applied to support decision-making processes. In particular, the paper examines different approaches to exploit the index as a policy tool. A number of alternatives to disseminate achieved results are presented. The implications of applying the composite at different spatial scales are highlighted. Turkana District, in Kenya has been selected as initial case study to test the applicability and validity of the index. The paper concludes that the WPI approach provides a relevant tool for guiding appropriate action and policy-making towards more equitable allocation of water resources.

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