scholarly journals Application of a revised Water Poverty Index to target the water poor

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Giné Garriga ◽  
A. Pérez Foguet
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Index Construction ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The Water Poverty Index (WPI) has been recognized as a useful tool in policy analysis. The index integrates various physical, social and environmental aspects to enable more holistic assessment of water resources. However, soundness of this tool relies on two complementary aspects: (i) inadequate techniques employed in index construction would produce unreliable results, and (ii) poor dissemination of final outcome would reduce applicability of the index to influence policy-making. From a methodological point of view, a revised alternative to calculate the index was developed in a previous study. This paper is therefore concerned not with the method employed in index construction, but with how the composite can be applied to support decision-making processes. In particular, the paper examines different approaches to exploit the index as a policy tool. A number of alternatives to disseminate achieved results are presented. The implications of applying the composite at different spatial scales are highlighted. Turkana District, in Kenya has been selected as initial case study to test the applicability and validity of the index. The paper concludes that the WPI approach provides a relevant tool for guiding appropriate action and policy-making towards more equitable allocation of water resources.

Multidimensional analysis of the water-poverty nexus using a modified Water Poverty Index: a case study from Jordan

Water Policy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem Jemmali ◽  
Lina Abu-Ghunmi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Makers ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Water Issues ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Water as a strategic natural resource is of fundamental importance for human development, prosperity, and poverty alleviation. Over the last three decades, Jordan's water resources have been severely degraded, threatening the livelihoods of countless people, particularly in rural and poor communities. The inadequate provision of water-related facilities has contributed to the rapid decline in quantity and degradation of quality in these communities. This study depicts the theoretical foundations and development of a water-focused and thematic indicator of poverty, which allow a comprehensive understanding of the crosscutting nature of water issues and impacts. It is with this in mind that a modified Water Poverty Index (mWPI) is developed herein to exemplify the utilization of the index, and to test its applicability and validity at the Jordanian governorate's level. The results show that water poverty fluctuates broadly between northern and southern regions suggesting a need for location-specific management plans and more targeted policy interventions. Overall, the mWPI, as a holistic tool, can assist decision-makers and other stakeholders in achieving sustainability and can be used to communicate the progress of sustainability to the wider community.

Considering the Water Poverty Index in the context of poverty alleviation

Water Policy ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 513-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Sullivan ◽  
Jeremy Meigh
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Technical Issues

The Water Poverty Index (WPI), introduced by Sullivan, is an inter-disciplinary tool that integrates the key issues relating to water resources, combining physical, social, economic and environmental information associated with people's ability to get access to water and to use water for productive purposes. It is most relevant at the community or sub-basin scales. This paper is concerned not with the development or underlying methodology of the index, but with how it can best be applied in practice to generate useful data, and then how these data may be used to generate benefits, especially for poor people who suffer from inadequate access to water. WPI values would need to be generated over wide areas, and this would require substantial institutional development. To do this, the use of existing census procedures and the needs for simplified data collection are considered, and the idea of widespread data collection through schools is examined. A number of technical issues relating to implementation of the WPI are discussed, particularly how the different spatial scales inter-relate and how the assessment of the physical resource and the collection of social and economic data may be made compatible. Finally, we discuss how the WPI value can be used in practice, and some of the issues and problems that this presents.

Targeting the water-poor through water poverty mapping

Water Policy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Cullis ◽  
Dermot O Regan
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Poverty Mapping

This paper shows how water poverty mapping using census data and the Water Poverty Index can be used to identify effectively the most water-poor households in a region for the targeting of water supply development policies and projects. The main findings come from a case study conducted in the Estcourt municipal district in South Africa where simple water poverty maps were developed using readily available data sources at three different scales: enumerator area, place names and sub-catchment. The efficiency of targeting the most water-poor households using the different scales of water poverty maps were measured by comparing both the inclusion and exclusion rates of targeting and comparing them with other similar targeting studies. The distribution of water poverty within a community was also compared with the results of a detailed household questionnaire conducted as part of the broader development of the water poverty index (WPI). The main conclusion from the study is that water poverty mapping is a strong visual extension of the WPI that has great potential for providing a practical way for water management authorities and decision makers to identify and target the most water poor households and monitoring the impacts and tangible benefits of water supply development policies.

Application of the Water Poverty Index at the Districts of Yellow River Basin

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 3469-3474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Jun Wan ◽  
Jie Lin Jia
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Water Poverty Index

As one assessment method of the water resources, Water Poverty Index has become an available tool in water resources management for it simply calculation process, comprehensive understanding of the results. This paper introduces the concept of the Water Poverty Index, and applies it at these districts of Yellow River Basin by using equal weightings methodology. During the process of calculating it, some component variables of the WPI have been improved and the data addressed standardization. The result shows that the water resources of Shandong is safe, Sichuan and Henan province is middling safe and low safe, while the WPI of the other six provinces is so low which reflects water resources shortage is very severe. The same time, this paper analysis the main reasons of water poverty, which provides the access to improve the water resource management in these districts.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Relationship between Water Resources and Economic Development in Rural China from a Poverty Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1540
Author(s):  
Zhaorunqing Liu ◽  
Wenxin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
Research Findings

Guaranteeing sustainable development is a pressing issue in China. To this end, balancing economic development and the protection of limited water resources enables healthy and orderly economic development. This study details the application of a water poverty index and sustainable livelihoods approach using 25 indicators to evaluate the water situation and the economic situation in rural China from 1997 to 2019. The analysis results suggest the need for location-specific policy interventions. In addition, we determined whether the water poverty and economic poverty or their spatial types featured the phenomenon of agglomeration. This study also proposes a harmonious development (HD) model and found a significant relationship between water poverty and economic poverty. Next, we adopted a spatial and temporal perspective to analyze the causes of variation in HD level using the modified Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) model and defined four HD levels using a classification method. The results revealed that the overall HD level was higher in the east than in the west. In conclusion, water poverty is associated with economic poverty; thus, there is a need for water and economic assistance strategies in pro-poor policies. The research findings also serve as a theoretical foundation for policies aimed at resolving conflicts between water use and economic development in rural China.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of water stress and application of water poverty index in the Mahakali River Basin, Sudurpaschim Province, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Lalit Pathak ◽  
Ramesh Raj Pant ◽  
Udhab Raj Khadka ◽  
Jharana Nepal ◽  
Sudip Poudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Socioeconomic Drivers ◽  
Water Poverty Index

Water Poverty Index (WPI) is an effective tool to assess water stress by linking physical approximations of water availability with socioeconomic drivers of poverty at household and community levels. It also helps in determining the priority needs for interventions and makes the better use of water resources without compromising the environmental integrity at the policy level. This study presents a comparative analysis of WPI to assess the water stress in two local units i.e., Mahakali Municipality-4 (Upstream) and Bhimdatt Municipality-13 (Downstream) of the Darchula and Kanchanpur districts, respectively along the Mahakali River Basin (MRB), Sudurpaschim Province, Nepal. Five components, i.e., resource availability, use of resources, capacity to utilize water sources, accessibility to water sources, and environment were applied to appraisal the water poverty. Under these components, 28 indicators were selected to visualize the water poverty condition. The information for acquiring these indicators was collected by making the field visit, semi-structured questionnaire survey, and secondary information from relevant sources. The results showed that the downstream segment has a higher WPI value (65.43) in comparison to the upstream segment (52.60) of the MRB, indicating relatively water-advantaged and stressed situations in down- and up-streams, respectively. Interestingly, despite having higher resource availability, the upstream region exhibited more stressed situations reflecting spatial heterogeneity in terms of capacity, environmental conditions, and infrastructure development to use the available water resources. Thus, in order to reduce the water stress conditions, priorities for intervention must be given to the water use capacity, especially in the upstream segment of the MRB. This study could be useful for academia and policymakers for the sustainable use of water resources in the MRB, Susurpaschim Province, Nepal.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Water Resources in the Taiwan Strait Island Using the Water Poverty Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung-Tsan Chen ◽  
Wei-Ling Hsu ◽  
Wen-Kuang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Global Risk ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Poverty Index ◽  
The Taiwan Strait

Water resources are a very important issue in the Global Risk 2015 published by the World Economic Forum. The research objective of this study was to construct a Water Poverty Index (WPI) for islands. The empirical scope of this study was based on Kinmen Island in the Taiwan Strait, which has very scarce water resources. Kinmen has a dry climate with low rainfall and high evaporation. Therefore, the Kinmen area is long-term dependent on groundwater resources and faces serious water resource problems. This study used the WPI to examine various issues related to water resources. In addition, this study selected several main indicators and performed time series calculations to examine the future trends of water resources in Kinmen. The results show that the overall water resources of Kinmen are scarce. To ensure sustainable development of water resources in Kinmen, policies to improve water scarcity, such as water resource development, water storage improvement, and groundwater control, should be researched. The research results of this study can be used as a reference for government agencies in formulating and revising water resources to achieve the sustainable development of island-type water resources.

Application of Water Poverty Index (WPI) in Nepalese Context: A Case Study of Kali Gandaki River Basin (KGRB)

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujata Manandhar ◽  
Vishnu Prasad Pandey ◽  
Futaba Kazama
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Water Poverty Index
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