scholarly journals International and local benefit sharing in hydropower projects on shared rivers: the Ruzizi III and Rusumo Falls cases

Water Policy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1087-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Dombrowsky ◽  
Julia Bastian ◽  
Daniel Däschle ◽  
Simon Heisig ◽  
Johannes Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
International Level

It has been argued that dam projects on shared rivers may provide opportunities for cooperation and the sharing of benefits among co-riparian states (discourse on international benefit sharing). In parallel, a discourse on local benefit sharing emphasizes that the population affected by dams should benefit from the projects in the long term. This raises the question of how international and local benefit sharing can be combined and whether these concepts are taken up in recent hydropower projects (HPPs) on shared rivers. This question was studied using the cases of the Ruzizi III and Rusumo Falls border river HPPs in Africa's Great Lakes region. The paper finds that the two projects indeed foresee both international and local benefit-sharing mechanisms, even if the actors involved hardly refer to international and local benefit sharing as concepts or link the two. At international level, the infrastructure will be jointly owned and electricity equally shared by the countries involved which can be considered good practice for border river projects. At local level, compensation processes are planned according to World Bank policies and various benefit-sharing mechanisms are envisioned. However, so far no revenue-based benefit sharing is foreseen that would ensure that the project-affected population will benefit in the long term.

scholarly journals Climatic-change implications from long-term (1823-1994) ice records for the Laurentian Great Lakes

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Assel ◽  
D.M. Robertson ◽  
M.H. Hoff ◽  
J.H. Selgeby
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laurentian Great Lakes ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Lake Mendota ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Different Parts

Long-term ice records (1823-1994) from six sites in different parts of the Laurentian Great Lakes region were used to show the type and general timing of climatic changes throughout the region. The general timing of both freeze-up and ice loss varies and is driven by local air temperatures, adjacent water bodies and mixing, and site morphometry. Grand Traverse Bay and Buffalo Harbor represent deeper-water environments affected by mixing of off-shore waters; Chequamegon Bay, Menominee, Lake Mendota, and Toronto Harbor represent relatively shallow-water, protected environments. Freeze-up dates gradually became later and ice-loss dates gradually earlier from the start of records to the 1890s in both environments, marking the end of the “Little lce Age”. After this, freeze-up dates remained relatively constant, suggesting little change in early-winter air temperatures during the 20th century. Ice-loss dates at Grand Traverse Bay and Baffalo Harbor but not at the other sites became earlier during the 1940s and 1970s and became later during the 1960s. The global warming of the 1980s was marked by a trend toward earlier ice-loss dates in both environments.

Bear's Journey and the Study of Ritual in Archaeology

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan C. L. Howey ◽  
John M. O'Shea
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Ritual Practice ◽  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Ritual Performance ◽  
Northern Michigan

This paper considers the archaeological study of ritual and explores the interrelationships that exist between ideologically meaningful accounts of ritual and the material representations of ritual practice that remain for archaeological evaluation. Specifically, the paper addresses the development and antiquity of the Midewiwin ritual, a ceremonial complex that is known historically throughout the Great Lakes region. The serendipitous discovery of a linkage between the Mide origin tale of Bear's Journey and the layout of the Late Prehistoric earthwork enclosures of northern Michigan provides an opportunity to document how a ritual system is represented in the archaeological record and to evaluate how the understanding of the archaeology is altered by having access to the meaning underpinning the ritual performance. The research provides unambiguous evidence for the prehistoric antiquity of the Mide ceremony and illustrates the contribution archaeology can make to understanding the long-term processes of ritual practice and change.

Analysis of long-term forest bird monitoring data from national forests of the western Great Lakes Region

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald J. Niemi ◽  
Robert W. Howe ◽  
Brian R. Sturtevant ◽  
Linda R. Parker ◽  
Alexis R. Grinde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
National Forests ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Forest Bird ◽  
Bird Monitoring ◽  
Western Great Lakes

scholarly journals Climatic-change implications from long-term (1823-1994) ice records for the Laurentian Great Lakes

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Assel ◽  
D.M. Robertson ◽  
M.H. Hoff ◽  
J.H. Selgeby
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laurentian Great Lakes ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Lake Mendota ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Different Parts

Long-term ice records (1823-1994) from six sites in different parts of the Laurentian Great Lakes region were used to show the type and general timing of climatic changes throughout the region. The general timing of both freeze-up and ice loss varies and is driven by local air temperatures, adjacent water bodies and mixing, and site morphometry. Grand Traverse Bay and Buffalo Harbor represent deeper-water environments affected by mixing of off-shore waters; Chequamegon Bay, Menominee, Lake Mendota, and Toronto Harbor represent relatively shallow-water, protected environments. Freeze-up dates gradually became later and ice-loss dates gradually earlier from the start of records to the 1890s in both environments, marking the end of the “Little lce Age”. After this, freeze-up dates remained relatively constant, suggesting little change in early-winter air temperatures during the 20th century. Ice-loss dates at Grand Traverse Bay and Baffalo Harbor but not at the other sites became earlier during the 1940s and 1970s and became later during the 1960s. The global warming of the 1980s was marked by a trend toward earlier ice-loss dates in both environments.

scholarly journals Evaluation of oxythermal metrics and benchmarks for the protection of cisco (Coregonus artedi) habitat quality and quantity in Wisconsin lakes

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lyons ◽  
Timothy P. Parks ◽  
Kristi L. Minahan ◽  
Aaron S. Ruesch
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Laurentian Great Lakes ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Coregonus Artedi ◽  
Oxygenated Water

The cisco (Coregonus artedi) requires cold, well-oxygenated water and is threatened by climate warming and lake eutrophication, especially at the southern edge of its range in the Laurentian Great Lakes region. In this paper, a method is described to assess the quality, quantity, and variability of suitable cisco habitat. Two metrics are proposed to characterize existing cisco oxythermal habitat in this region: water temperature in the water column at a dissolved oxygen of 6 mg/L (TDO6) and “cisco layer thickness” (CLT), the vertical extent of the water column within which water temperature is ≤22.8 °C and dissolved oxygen is ≥6 mg/L. It is proposed that values of TDO6 = 22.8 °C and CLT = 1 m be used as benchmarks to identify cisco lakes with potentially stressful oxythermal habitat. Long-term summer data from 14 Wisconsin cisco lakes with a wide range of limnological characteristics indicated that TDO6 varied from 4.2 to 27.5 °C and CLT from −6.2 to 66.7 m. Cisco abundance across lakes was greater at lower values of TDO6 and higher values of CLT, and non-attainments of the proposed benchmarks were most likely in lakes with remnant or extirpated cisco populations. Non-attainment of benchmarks could occur from late June through September, and three or more samples across the entire summer would be required to have a reasonable probability of detecting a non-attainment in TDO6 or CLT within any given year. Across years, to detect a single year of non-attainment with an 80% level of confidence, two years of sampling would be sufficient for CLT and three years for TD06; to detect more than one non-attaining year, three years of sampling for CLT and six years of sampling for TD06 would be required. Despite relatively high temporal variation in some lakes, the proposed metrics and benchmarks appear to have value for assessing cisco oxythermal habitat in the Great Lakes region.

Infections and use of antibiotics in residents of long-term care facilities in Hungary

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (23) ◽  
pp. 911-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Szabó ◽  
Karolina Böröcz
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Healthcare associated infections and antimicrobial use are common among residents of long-term care facilities. Faced to the lack of standardized data, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control funded a project with the aim of estimating prevalence of infections and antibiotic use in European long-term care facilities. Aim: The aim of the authors was to present the results of the European survey which were obtained in Hungary. Method: In Hungary, 91 long-term care facilities with 11,823 residents participated in the point-prevalence survey in May, 2013. Results: The prevalence of infections was 2.1%. Skin and soft tissues infections were the most frequent (36%), followed by infections of the respiratory (30%) and urinary tract (21%). Antimicrobials were mostly prescribed for urinary tract infections (40.3%), respiratory tract infections (38.4%) and skin and soft tissue infections (13.2%). The most common antimicrobials (97.5%) belonged to the ATC J01 class of “antibacterials for systemic use”. Conclusions: The results emphasise the need for a national guideline and education for good practice in long-term care facilities. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(23), 911–917.

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