scholarly journals Leadership in knowledge and capacity development in the water sector: a status review

Water Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta Wehn de Montalvo ◽  
Guy Alaerts
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Capacity Development ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Water Sector ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Strong Capacity

Water management is particularly dependent on strong capacity, a solid knowledge base and awareness at all levels, including those of the individual, the organization, the sector institutions and the ‘enabling environment’. Yet getting all levels to operate in a coherent manner is challenging, and requires vision and leadership. This special issue seeks to further the understanding of leadership in knowledge and capacity development in the water sector but its theoretical and methodological insights will be of interest beyond that arena. This paper presents an introduction to the special issue which resulted from selected papers presented at the 5th Delft Symposium on Water Sector Capacity Development held in Delft, The Netherlands. Collectively, the contributions examine knowledge and capacity development in both the water services and water resources sub-sectors. In order to be linked well to current local realities, the papers rely on both academic analyses based on empirical research as well as practitioners' accounts based on their professional experience. Together, the papers in this special issue and the insights from the recent Symposium summarized in this editorial introduction present an overview of the current state of the art in knowledge and capacity development in the water sector. The paper raises salient policy implications and outlines a research agenda for knowledge and capacity development in the water sector and beyond.

Predicting Psycho-educational Problems in Childhood

1978 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard S. Adelman
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Mass Identification ◽  
Ethical Perspectives

Presented are (1) a brief synthesis of several key conceptual and methodological concerns and some ethical perspectives related to identification of psycho-educational problems and (2) conclusions regarding the current state of the art. The conceptual discussion focuses on differentiating prediction from identification and screening from diagnosis; three models used in developing assessment procedures also are presented. Methodologically, the minimal requirements for satisfactory research are described and current problems are highlighted. Three ethical perspectives are discussed; cost-benefit for the individual, models-motives-goals underlying practices, and cost-benefit for the culture. The current state of the art is seen as not supporting the efficacy of the widespread use of currently available procedures for mass screening. Given this point and the methodological and ethical concerns discussed, it is suggested that policy makers reallocate limited resources away from mass identification and toward health maintenance and other approaches to prevention and early-age intervention.

scholarly journals Multifaceted origins of sex differences in the brain

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1688) ◽  
pp. 20150106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Biological Variable ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Brain

Studies of sex differences in the brain range from reductionistic cell and molecular analyses in animal models to functional imaging in awake human subjects, with many other levels in between. Interpretations and conclusions about the importance of particular differences often vary with differing levels of analyses and can lead to discord and dissent. In the past two decades, the range of neurobiological, psychological and psychiatric endpoints found to differ between males and females has expanded beyond reproduction into every aspect of the healthy and diseased brain, and thereby demands our attention. A greater understanding of all aspects of neural functioning will only be achieved by incorporating sex as a biological variable. The goal of this review is to highlight the current state of the art of the discipline of sex differences research with an emphasis on the brain and to contextualize the articles appearing in the accompanying special issue.

scholarly journals Polymer Clay Nano-Composites

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1445
Author(s):  
Stefano Leporatti
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Nano Composites ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Current State ◽  
Exciting Area

Clay–polymer composite materials is an exciting area of research and this Special Issue aims to address the current state-of-the-art of “Polymer Clay Nano-Composites” for several applications, among them antibacterial, environmental, water remediation, dental, drug delivery and others [...]

Special Issue on Multiaxis Control and Multitasking Machine Tools

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimi Takeuchi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Precision Machining ◽  
Accuracy Evaluation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Complex Products ◽  
Current State ◽  
Control Machine

Machine tools using numerical control (NC) devices are typical mechatronics products and a powerful way to automate plant production. The introduction of multiaxis control and multitasking machine tools to workshops is growing to meet the requirements of highly efficient, precision machining of a variety of complex products and mold dies. The increase in the number of control axes and multitasking capability in one chucking process enable machine tools to manufacture complex products efficiently and accurately. Given the strong attention and interest multiaxis control and multitasking machine tools are attracting, it is about time to introduce the current state of the art of these tools and their practical and applicable technologies, especially in Japan. This special issue covers the development of 5-axis control machining centers, machine tools having multispindle heads with 5-axis control, 5-axis control CAMs, accuracy evaluation for 5-axis control machine tools, and more. We thank the authors for their interesting papers to this special issue, and are certain that both general readers and specialists will find the information they provide both interesting and informative.

scholarly journals Preface: Linking landscape organisation and hydrological functioning: from hypotheses and observations to concepts, models and understanding

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 5277-5285
Author(s):  
Conrad Jackisch ◽  
Sibylle K. Hassler ◽  
Tobias L. Hohenbrink ◽  
Theresa Blume ◽  
Hjalmar Laudon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Biogeochemical Processes ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hydrological Functioning

Abstract. The link between landscape properties and hydrological functioning is the very foundation of hydrological sciences. The fundamental perception that landscape organisation and its hydrological and biogeochemical processes co-develop is often discussed. However, different landscape characteristics and hydrological processes interact in complex ways. Hence, the causal links between both are usually not directly deducible from our observations. So far no common concepts have been established to connect observations, properties and functions at and between different scales. This special issue hosts a broad set of original studies indicating the current state and progress in our understanding of different facets of dynamic hydrological systems across various scales. It is organised as a joint special issue in HESS and ESSD, with the purpose of providing the scientific insights in combination with the underlying data sets and study design. While the individual studies contribute to distinct aspects of the link between landscape characteristics and hydrological functioning, it remained difficult to compile their specific findings to more general conclusions. In this preface, we summarise the contributions. In the search for ways to synthesise these individual studies to the overall topic of linking landscape organisation and hydrological functioning, we suggest four major points how this process could be facilitated in the future: (i) formulating clear and testable research hypotheses, (ii) establishing appropriate sampling designs to test these hypotheses, (iii) fully providing the data and code, and (iv) clarifying and communicating scales of observations and concepts as well as scale transfers.

scholarly journals Digital Archiving in Archaeology: The State of the Art. Introduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian D. Richards ◽  
Ulf Jakobsson ◽  
David Novák ◽  
Benjamin Štular ◽  
Holly Wright
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Archaeology ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Digital Archiving ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The articles in this special issue demonstrate significant differences in digital archiving capacity in different countries. In part these reflect differences in the history of archaeology in each country, its relationship to the state, whether it is centralised or decentralised, state-led or commercially driven. They also reflect some of the different attitudes to archaeology across the world, most recently explored in a survey conducted under the auspices of the NEARCH project. They reflect a snapshot in time, but our aim is to record the current state-of-the-art in each country, to inform knowledge, stimulate discussion, and to provoke change.

scholarly journals A decade of institutional work: context and opportunities for research

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (91) ◽  
pp. 750-775
Author(s):  
Felipe de Mattos Zarpelon ◽  
Anelise Caon Bittencourt ◽  
Kadígia Faccin ◽  
Alsones Balestrin
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Work Context ◽  
Institutional Work ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Organization Studies

Abstract The theoretical approach underlying institutional work sustains the understanding of the process through which individuals create, maintain and disrupt institutions. The interest in this approach encouraged the publication of a special issue in the journal Organization Studies in 2013. Lawrence, Leca, and Zilber introduced that special issue with an analysis of this field of study pointing to three avenues to further develop the theoretical approach: a) implementation of methodologies with an emphasis on the individual’s experiences; b) development of reflexivity by individuals; and c) commitment to practical contributions. We recall their research to revise the contributions of institutional work and to evaluate how these three avenues have been followed in this field of study. We then suggest an updated research agenda based on phenomena observed in the Brazilian context. Among the contributions of this study, we highlight a) the characteristics of the field of study on institutional work (state-of-the-art); b) central and adjacent themes to institutional work (map of themes); and c) opportunities and trends to further develop research on institutional work.

scholarly journals Analysis of Portfolio-Style Parallel SAT Solving on Current Multi-Core Architectures

10.29007/73n4 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Aigner ◽  
Armin Biere ◽  
Christoph Kirsch ◽  
Aina Niemetz ◽  
Mathias Preiner
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Memory Access ◽  
Sat Solving ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Individual

Effectively parallelizing SAT solving is an open andimportant issue. The current state-of-the-art isbased on parallel portfolios. This technique relieson running multiple solvers on the same instance inparallel. As soon one instance finishes the entirerun stops. Several succesful systems even use plainparallel portfolio (PPP), where the individual solversdo not exchange any information. This paper containsa thorough experimental evaluation which shows that PPPcan improve wall-clock running time because memory accessis still local, respectively the memory system can hidethe latency of memory access. In particular, there doesnot seem as much cache congestion as one might imagine.We also present some limits on the scalibility of PPP.Thus this paper gives one argument why PPP solvers are agood fit for todays multi-core architectures.

scholarly journals Corporate entrepreneurship: a systematic literature review and future research agenda

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Urbano ◽  
Andreu Turro ◽  
Mike Wright ◽  
Shaker Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Current State ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
State Of Research

AbstractThis article analyzes the state of the art of the research on corporate entrepreneurship, develops a conceptual framework that connects its antecedents and consequences, and offers an agenda for future research. We review 310 papers published in entrepreneurship and management journals, providing an assessment of the current state of research and, subsequently, we suggest research avenues in three different areas: corporate entrepreneurship antecedents, dimensions and consequences. Even though a significant part of the overall corporate entrepreneurship literature has appeared in the last decade, most literature reviews were published earlier. These reviews typically cover a single dimension of the corporate entrepreneurship phenomenon and, therefore, do not provide a global perspective on the existing literature. In addition, corporate entrepreneurship has been studied from different fields and there are different approaches and definitions to it. This limits our understanding of accumulated knowledge in this area and hampers the development of further research. Our review addresses these shortcomings, providing a roadmap for future research.

scholarly journals Special Issue: Protein Simulations – Current State of the Art

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 654-654
Author(s):  
Ran Friedman ◽  
Yaakov Levy
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Current State
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